The cell Anatomy and division. (review sheet 4) PDF

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CELL ANATOMY AND DIVISION...

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E X E R C I S E

The Cell: Anatomy and Division

NAME EKATERINA BURTOV

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R E V I E W

S H E E T

LAB TIME/DATE __9/8/21__________________

EXERCISE

The Cell: Anatomy and Division Anatomy of the Composite Cell 1.

Label the cell structures using the leader lines provided.

2.

Match each cell structure listed on the left with the correct description on the right nucleolus

Nuclear envelope Nuclear pore

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Plasma membrane

cytosol

mitochondria lysosome centrioles

. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

ribosomes

Golgi apparatus microvilli microfilament

microtubules peroxisome Intermediate filaments

Differences and Similarities in Cell Structure 2

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Match each cell structure listed on the left with the correct description on the right. f. site of protein synthesis

1. ribosome

h. site of lipid synthesis

2. smooth ER

a. main site of ATP synthesis

3. mitochondrion

b. encloses the chromatin

4.

nucleus

j. packages proteins for transportation

5.

Golgi apparatus

c. sac of digestive enzymes

6.

lysosome

e. forms basal bodies and helps direct mitotic spindle formatio

7.

centriole

k. internal cellular network of rodlike structures __________

8.

cytoskeleton

9.

inclusion

d.

examples include glycogen granules and

ingested foreign materials g. forms the external boundary of the cell

10. plasma membrane

_ i. packaging site for ribosomes ______________

11. nucleolus

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3.

Choose the specimen observed in Activity 5 (squamous epithelium, sperm cells, smooth muscle, or human red blood cells)that fits the description below. 1. __ sperm cells

cell has a flagellum for movement

2. _ smooth muscle

cells have an elongated shape (tapered at each end)

3. _squamous epithelium

cells are close together

4. red blood cells

cells are circular

5. _squamous epitelium

cells are thin and flat, with irregular borders

6. _ red blood cells

cells are anucleate (without a nucleus)

7. _smooth muscle

longest cell

Cell Division 4.

What is the function of mitotic cell division? _____reparation, growth_______________________

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5.

Identify the four phases of mitosis shown in the following photomicrographs, and select the events from the key that correctly identifies each phase. On the appropriate answer line, write the letters that correspond to these events. Key: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h.

The nuclear envelope re-forms. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. Chromatin coils and condenses, forming chromosomes. Chromosomes stop moving toward the poles. The chromosomes are V shaped. The nuclear envelope breaks down. Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers. The mitotic spindle begins to form.

Metaphase b. Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell. f. The nuclear envelope breaks down.

Anaphase e.

The chromosomes are V shaped.

g. Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers.

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Prophase c. Chromatin coils and condenses, forming chromosomes. a.The nuclear envelope re-forms h. The mitotic spindle begins to

Telophase d. Chromosomes stop moving toward the poles.

6. Describe the events that occur during interphase .__ Normal cell functions, cell growth, duplication of the orgnells, protein synthesis 8.

Complete or respond to the following statements: Division of the 1 is referred to as mitosis. Cytokinesis is division of the 2 ..The major structural difference between chromatin and chromosomes is that the latter are 3 .Chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers by undivided structures called4.If a cell undergoes mitosis but not cytokinesis, the product is 5 .The structure that acts as a scaffolding for chromosomal attachment and movement is called th. e 6 . 7 is the period of cell life when the cell is not involved in division. Three cell populations in the body that do not routinely undergo cell division are8,9,and 10.

1. _nucleus

2. cytoplasm into two daughter cells 3. chromosome is coiled and chromatin is condensed 4. centromeres 5. a cell with two nuclei 6. spindle 7. interphase 8. neurons 9. cardiac muscule, skeletal muscule 10. connective tissue

9.

Plasma cells are key to the immune response because they secrete antibodies. Given that antibodies are made of protein,which membrane-enclosed cell organelle would you expect the plasma cells to have in abundance? Why?

Rough ER , Golgi complex. Because they make and store proteine

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10.

Name which organelle you would expect to play the largest role in decomposition of the human body. Why?_Lysosome. Because they break down damaged beyond repair cells______________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

11.

Some antifungal medications work by blocking DNA synthesis in the fungal cell. Describe where in the cell cycle such a medication would halt the fungal cell and the consequences of this early termination of the cycle. Sphase____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________.

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