The progressive era packet answers to PDF PDF

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A guide for the progressive era staar practice test....

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Andrea Simon 1/17/2021 History 1301 Mr. Juarez

Essential questions:

How did farmers respond to the problems they faced in the late nineteenth century? The grange movement was founded in 1867 to help overcome rural isolation and spread information about new farming techniques, and they gave their support to the populist party. How did muckrakers and other Progressives reform American Society? Muckrakers and other progressives used journalism and preaching by the help of ministers, professors, and journalists to expose the corruption of big businesses and political bosses. What has been the legacy of the Progressive Presidents? Theodore Roosevelt established the big stick policy, used anti-trust laws, and created the Square deal program because he believed in a strong presidency. How was the move toward realism reflected in American art and literature? It gave artists and writers a way to depict the hardships and abuses of the new industrial workers.

Learning with Graphic Organizers: Farmer’s Problems: The problems that farmers had to face were agricultural overproduction, high costs to ship products, farmer indebtedness and were charged high rates, and periodic natural disasters. Grangers and Granger Laws: Grangers tried to eliminate middlemen by forming farmers’ cooperatives to buy machinery, fertilizers, and manufactured goods in large numbers at a discount. They sold their crops to city markets, but they failed because of lack of business experience. Granger laws were passed to regulate railroad and grain storage rates, also called the interstate commerce act. Populist Platform of 1892: Unlimited Coinage of silver to raise farm prices and make loan payments easier; Direct elections of Senators instead of by state legislatures; Term limits for presidents permitting on a single term in office; secret ballots to protect voters; Government ownership of railroads, telegraphs, and telephones; Graduated income tax to tax wealth individuals at a higher rate; Immigration restrictions with quotas; and shorter workday of eight hours.

Presidential Elections of 1896: The democratic party nominated William Jennings Bryan after his “Cross of Gold” speech, which praised farmers and denounced bankers. He almost lost to his opponent, William McKinley, a republican candidate. Luckily, Bryan won the south and west while Mckinley won the Northeast and Midwest. Legacy of Populism as a Third Party: Graduated income taxes, regulate railroads, and flexible monetary system.

Learning with Graphic Organizers - Roots of the movement: Social Gospel movement: It contributed to the rise of the progressive movement because clergymen called for social reforms that included the abolition of child labor and safer working conditions, and the temperance movement, a movement that aimed to ban alcoholic beverages. Middle class professionals: Protesting businesses being owned by robber barons and the free enterprise system. Muckrakers: Investigative reporters, writers, and social scientists exposed the abuses of industrial society and government corruption. Jacob Riis examined the conditions of the poor in America; Ida Tarbell exposed the Standard Oil Company and John D. Rockefeller’s ruthless business practices; Lincoln Steffens exposed corruption in the state and city governments; Frank Norris wrote the Octopus, which depicted the stranglehold of railroads over California farmers; and Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle, which brought to light about the unsanitary practices of the meat-packing industry. Accomplishments of the Early progressives: Individual Social Reformers: Jane Addams helped and housed poor immigrants by providing them with a shelter in settlement houses. Ida B. Wells exposed the horrendous lynching of African Americans. W.E.B. Dubois established the NAACP. Booker T. Washington declared that African Americans should seek gradual equality, focus on job training, and not be too demanding. Municipal Reforms: They sought to prevent corruption and to make local government more efficient. State Political Reforms: initiative, referendum, and recall State Social Reforms: Pendleton Act

Learning with Graphic organizers: Theodore Roosevelts Square deal: He launched new laws to protect consumer health and prevent false advertising. With the Square deal, he protected the public health, regulated transportation and communication, conserved the nation’s resources.

The progressive Presidents- Woodrow Wilson’s New Freedom: Focused on taming big business, encouraging competition, and eliminating special privileges. He attacked the tariff, the banking system, and trusts. He established the Underwood Tarriff, graduated income tax, the federal reserve act, and antitrust legislation.

Multiple Choice questions 1. The above quotation most closely represents the views held by--Answer: B. Ida B. Wells 2. Books such as The Octopus by Frank Norris, How the Other Half Lives by Jacob Riis, and The Jungle by Upton Sinclair exposed problems that resulted from--Answer: J. Rapid industrialization 3. Members of the Progressive Movement generally supported the idea that the federal government should--Answer: A. prevent unfair business practices 4. Which development was a major cause of the change in grain prices shown in the table? Answer: H. government regulation of prices 5. To prevent the price changes shown in the table, Populists demanded the government --Answer: B. issue more silver coinage 6. In the early 1900s, Progressive Era reformers sought to increase public participation in government by supporting the --Answer: G. direct election of U.S. senators 7. Which goal, set a women’s convention in Seneca Falls in 1848, was finally achieved during the Progressive Era? Answer: D. ratification of the nineteenth amendment 8. During the progressive Era, public demands for direct consumer protection resulted in the passage of the --Answer: Pure food and drug act 9. The main message of this cartoon is that the Standard Oil Company --Answer: C. used its economic power to sway government decisions 10. Progressive reformers attacked “political machines” because they often ---G. Stole public money through overpriced contracts 11. To guarantee an adequate money supply in the national economy, President Woodrow introduced --Answer: D. the federal reserve system 12. During the progressive Era, many state and local governments adopted the initiative, referendum, and recall. Together these procedures--Answer: G. Gave citizens a more direct voice in government 13. During the early 1900s, the term muckrakers was used to describe--B. Writers who exposed the evils in American society 14. What was the goal of those who supported the seventeenth amendment, providing for direct election of U.S. Senators? Answer: H. making the senate more responsive to the people 15. Which conclusion is supported by the information in the chart?

Answer: B. Before 1920, many western states had granted women the right to vote. 16. The national income tax, free and unlimited coinage of silver, and the direct election of U.S. senators were proposals included in the --H. Populist party platform 17. In the late 1800s, the principles of Social Gospel movement were most consistent with the ideas of --Answer: C. the progressives 18. In the late 1800s, free and unlimited coinage of silver was supported by farmers primarily because they hoped this policy would--Answer: H. increase crop prices and make it easier to repay loans 19. When Susan B. Anthony refused to pay a fine for her actions in the election of 1872, she stated: “Not a penny shall go to this unjust claim.” Her statement was made in support of--Answer: D. women’s suffrage 20. The main idea of this excerpt from Jacob Riis’ book is that --F. cities are unable to handle the flow of new arrivals 21. Progressive Era reformers sought to expand voter participation in government by adopting--A. The initiative and referendum 22. Which reformer was a leader in support of the ideas in this flier? Answer: H. Susan B. Anthony 23. The publication of The Jungle by Upton Sinclair in 1906 was instrumental in getting the members of congress to --Answer: C. establish a system for meat inspection 24. Which idea led to the creation of the interstate commerce commission, the federal trade commission, and the food and drug administration? G. Business practices must be regulated in the public interest. 25. What was the common purpose of all of these legislative acts? Answer: A. to promote the general welfare of Americans 26. The ideas expressed in this resolution were made into reality by the passage of the --Answer: G. Nineteenth amendment 27. Which goal was shared by both populists and progressives? Answer: D. greater control of the government by the people...