Zap Assignment 3 PDF

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Online summer class assignment....

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ZAPS 3 Assignment – Stroop Effect (7 points)

Stroop Effect (p. 186 - 187)

1. What is the idea behind this experiment? What is expected given overall results? What key cognitive psychology ideas are related to this experiment? (1 point) The idea behind this experiment is to determine the how fast someone can determine the color of a word that shows up on the screen during the experiment. I thought the overall results would be that the congruent words would have a fast response time because the word was the same color being presented. A key cognitive psychology idea that was related to the experiment is the reaction time. The reaction time showed how fast or slow it took for one to determine the color of the word. Another cognitive psychology idea is semantic interference. The interference allows a distractor. This was shown during the experiment by having a word represent a different color then the actual color its self. Through the confusion, our brain can still manage to figure out the correct answer with the distractor in the way.

2. What is the independent variable(s) in this experiment? Be sure to identify the levels of each IV. What is the dependent variables(s)? Be sure to clearly explain what the DV(s) is/are and how it is quantified. Use the graph provided to identify IV’s and DV’s. (1 point) The independent variable of the experiment is the words shown to the viewers. The words have no order but present a word of a color that is the color is actually is or in a color opposite from the word. The dependent variable in the experiment is the response time it takes to determine if a word is congruent or if the word is incongruent. With that, the dependent variable relies on the words being shown to get the data needed for the experiment.

3. Provide a summary of you experience where you interpret explain your graph. Do your best to account for how/why you arrived at the results you did. (1 point) The results that were given to me from the experiment showed me that my response time was higher with words that were incongruent. I think once I got the hang of the experiment, I was able to easily establish the word from the color without any hesitation. It took longer in response time for the congruent words because it shocked me to see a word that was actually the color is said it was. It took me a little longer to choose the correct answer. I believe that with claims being made, that is how I got to my results from the experiment.

4. What do you think would happen if the color words were printed in a language that you did not understand; would you show longer response times due to interference? Justify your claim. What if a French-English bilingual person were to see French color words while they were naming the color inks in English? Would there be more or less interference if they were to name the color ink in French (if the color names were also printed in French)? Justify your claim. (1 point) If color words were in a different language, I think it would result in a longer response time. Depending on the person, they could be bilingual and know multiple languages meaning that

their response time is faster than those who are not multi-language speaking people. Having someone who is bilingual, such as a French-English speaker, having to name colors in English while the words are in French can be difficult resulting in a longer response time. There would be more interference when doing so because it causes another distracter to throw the person off. Since there is a distracter and having a task much harder than what the experiment asked, the French-English speaking individual will have a harder time/longer response time in the end.

5. What are some other skills (provide three) that start out effortful and became more automatic? What is the evidence (for each of the three examples) that these skills are now automatic? What are three skills that you would like to become automatic? How can you make this happen? (1 point) Some skills that can start off effortful and become more automatic is memory rehearsal. I have been doing this for years on a day to day basis about things that probably don’t need to be remembered for a reason. Now, it has become automatic. Anything anyone says to me now is repeated in my head unconsciously, so I can remember it. Now that this is automatic, I can recall information that could be defined as dumb. Another skill is dichotic listening which refers to listening to multiple things at once while paying attention to one thing. Over time, this has become automatic because in the daily life on Monica, multiple people are talking at once. Sometimes it’s someone talking to you or someone talking to a person around you, it has become habit to only pay attention to pay attention to one person and understanding what they are telling me while also responding to them while listening to someone else. I use this habit a lot while working. I work at Ulta and Ann Taylor Factory where each store requires you to wear a headset. Someone is always talking in your ear while you are speaking with a coworker or a customer. A last skill that has become automatic is a filter. A filter is where you push distractors aside and focus on one thing without any distraction. When I’m focusing on a project at work, it’s the only

thing I am able to focus on. I get into a mode where it’s just me and the project with no one else in the corner of the store I am in. Some skills that would be useful to have automatic is the attended channel because its trying to perceive information by understanding what is being said. Another skill is shadowing. It would be easier if I could easily repeat the actions that someone has shown me without asking any questions to whither if not I’m doing the task right or not. Finally, a last skill that would be helpful is divided attention. Sometimes, it is difficult to focus on one thing when everything can be seen as important. It would be easier if I could focus on one thing at a time....