8.2.4.AK Brain Anatomy Answer Key-2 PDF

Preview

Summary

answer key...

Description

Activity 8.2.4 Brain Anatomy Answer Key Introduction The brain is a complex organ composed of lobes, ventricles, and systems that are organized into specialized regions. These regions are responsible for functions such as speech, emotion, and memory as well as vision, hearing, and taste. Other regions of the brain control involuntary functions such as blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord and is the processing center for the nervous system. In previous activities you investigated the five senses: sight, touch, taste, smell and hearing. Senses such as sight and smell are processed by the brain after signals are sent through specialized nerves such as the optic nerve. Alternately, sensory neurons in the skin send signals through the spinal cord in order for the brain to interpret sensations of touch, pain, heat, and cold throughout the body. A specialized structure within the brain is the thalamus. With the exception of smell, the thalamus acts as a relay station for all the senses. The thalamus sorts the important information from the insignificant before sending information to the cerebral cortex of the brain. In this activity you will explore a computer animation to learn about the structure and functions of the human brain.

Equipment    

Laboratory journal Pencil Colored pencils or crayons Computer with Internet access

Procedure 1. Access and explore the PBS website, 3-D Brain Anatomy, at http://www.pbs.org/wnet/brain/3d/index.html 2. Label and color the following structures on the exterior of the brain 

Cerebrum, made of 4 lobes: o Frontal lobe (purple) o Parietal lobe (red) o Occipital lobe (orange) o Temporal lobe (brown)



Cerebellum (green)

Lobe Frontal Lobe

Occipital Lobe

3.

Temporal Lobe Brain Stem



Brain Stem (yellow)



Corpus Callosum (blue)



Limbic System (label) o Pineal Gland o Hypothalamus o Amygdala o Hippocampus o Thalamus (pink)

Cerebellum

Free images courtesy of Wikimedia Commons

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

1. In previous activities you investigated the five senses. Use the PBS website to locate the part(s) of the brain responsible for: Vision

optical nerves, thalamus, and occipital lobes

Hearing

auditory nerves, temporal lobes, thalamus

Smell

olfactory nerves, olfactory bulbs, olfactory center, hypothalamus

Touch

nerves, thalamus, parietal lobe

Taste

frontal lobe, hypothalamus, amygdala, thalamus

_____

2. What structure acts as a relay station for all senses except smell? thalamus

(introduction)

3. Identify the part(s) of the brain involved with: Short-term memory

parietal, upper temporal, and occipital lobes

Long-term memory hippocampus, frontal lobes, thalamus, and hypothalamus Movement

cerebellum

4. What part of the brain controls essential survival functions such as breathing and heart beat? Brain stem

(medulla oblongata)

Conclusion 1. What region of the brain is responsible for complex thinking such as memory, speech, emotion, planning, and reasoning? Explain. Frontal lobe; largest of the cerebrum’s 4 lobes, it is well connected (leads to) with the limbic system 2. Why is the brain stem sometimes called the “reptilian brain”? It contains the same brain parts as a reptile- brain stem and cerebellum, This is the oldest and most basic brain region evolutionarily- animals that have been on the earth before humans had a very basic, noncomplex brain that just had the brain stem and cerebellum, our brains have many more complex parts etc.

3. Why do you “see stars” when you hit the back of your head? You may damage the occipital lobe which is connected to the optical nerves...