ANALYSIS OF WORK MOTIVATION FACTORS OF GENERATION Z IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY – CASE STUDY IN HO CHI MINH CITY PDF

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Ho Chi Minh City , August 22, 2020MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHO MINH UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES – INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM – HOSPITALITYDissertationDepartment : Tourism – HospitalityMajor: Hospitality AdministrationStudent: Student’s code: Class: Advisor:Phạm Min...

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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHO MINH UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES – INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM – HOSPITALITY

Dissertation

Topic:

ANALYSIS OF WORK MOTIVATION FACTORS OF GENERATION Z IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY – CASE STUDY IN HO CHI MINH CITY

Department: Tourism – Hospitality Major: Hospitality Administration

Student:

Phạm Minh Trung

Student’s code:

16DH107074

Class:

KS1602

Advisor:

Thai Quang Vinh. M.A

Ho Chi Minh City , August 22, 2020

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHO MINH UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES – INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM – HOSPITALITY

Dissertation

Topic:

ANALYSIS OF WORK MOTIVATION FACTORS OF GENERATION Z IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY – CASE STUDY IN HO CHI MINH CITY

Department: Tourism – Hospitality Major: Hospitality Administration

Student:

Phạm Minh Trung

Student’s code:

16DH107074

Class:

KS1602

Advisor:

Thai Quang Vinh. M.A

Ho Chi Minh City, August 22, 2020

COMMITMENT I commit “Analysis of Work Motivation Factors of Generation Z in Hospitality Industry” is my research. I spent much effort to complete this study during I have learned in HUFLIT. I also referred to some original documents under the guidance of Master Thái Quang Vinh – Lecturer of Tourism – Hospitality Department of HUFLIT. All of the presented statistics and results of the study were conducted by myself. They were not published in any studies or publications before. If there are any copy results, I will take full responsibility for my dissertation.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT A completed study would not be done without any assistance. Therefore, the author who conducted this research gratefully gives acknowledgment to their support and motivation during the time of doing this research as a requirement of completing my Degree in Hospitality Management. First of all, I would like to express my endless thanks and gratefulness to my supervisor Master Thái Quang Vinh. His kindly support and continuous advices went through the process of completion of my dissertation. His encouragement and comments had significantly enriched and improved my work. As a part of the thesis: “Analysis of Work Motivation Factors of Generation Z in Hospitality Industry - Case Study In Ho Chi Minh City”, my study has been done by the contribution of all relevant students in Tourism – Hospitality Department of Ho Chi Minh City University of Foreign Language – Information Technology. I also acknowledge my thankfulness to all respondents and administrator’s Hoteljob group and 5 Star Hotel Job group where data would be collected. I would like to state my thanks to Ho Chi Minh City University of Foreign Language – Information Technology were supplied crucial information about graduation thesis and supported me to complete my degree. As of last, my deepest thanks come to all my friends during the time I study in HUFLIT. Their kindly help, care, motivation gave me strength to accomplish my graduation paper. The author

Phạm Minh Trung

ADVISOR’S COMMENT Commitment on the graduation paper of Pham Minh Trung – the student of HUFLIT with the topic “Analysis of Work Motivation Factors of Generation Z in Hospitality Industry - Case Study In Ho Chi Minh City” under the instruction of MA. Thai Quang Vinh – HUFLIT lecturer as follow: 1. Setting clearly the specific objectives and topic having the creativity and applicability. 2. Methods of implementation / analysis / structure: Reasonable and reliable based on theory; having appropriate analysis and evaluation, novelty and creativity. 3. Result of implementation / result analysis and evaluation: Being consistent with objectives / reasonable structure; creativity / ensuring the reliability. 4. Conclusion and suggestion: Being consistent with the set problems, innovative and practical suggestions, a new contribution to the discussion with creativity and persuasive proposal. 5. Honesty in citing references; relevance of cited documents according to the APA style. 6. The report meets the requirement of graduation paper for a Bachelor and is allowed to defend paper. Ho Chi Minh City, … / … / … The mentor

M.A.Thai Quang Vinh

EXAMINER’S COMMENT .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................

TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................... ii LIST OF CHARTS AND FIGURE ......................................................................... iii ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................... 2 1.1.

Background. .............................................................................................. 2

1.2.

Reason for choosing the topic. ................................................................. 4

1.3.

Objective. .................................................................................................. 5

1.4.

Research questions. .................................................................................. 5

1.5.

Scope. ....................................................................................................... 5

1.6.

Organization ............................................................................................. 6 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................ 7

2.1.

Generation Z definition. ........................................................................... 7

2.2.

Working motivation in hospitality industry.............................................. 8 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................ 15

3.1.

Overall Research Approach .................................................................... 15

3.1.1. Hypothesis .......................................................................................... 15 3.1.2. Scale adjustment................................................................................. 16 3.1.3. The official scale ................................................................................ 19 3.2.

Questionnaire design .............................................................................. 21

3.3.

Sample design ......................................................................................... 22

3.4.

Procedure ................................................................................................ 22

3.5.

Data analysis .......................................................................................... 23 RESULTS ..................................................................................... 27

4.1.

Frequency statistics................................................................................. 27

4.1.1. Gender. ............................................................................................... 27 4.1.2. Year of birth. ...................................................................................... 28 4.1.3. Educational organization. ................................................................... 29 4.1.4. Work experience. ............................................................................... 30 4.1.5. Position. .............................................................................................. 31 4.2.

Descriptive statistic................................................................................. 32

4.3.

Scale evaluation ...................................................................................... 36

4.3.1. Scale reliability analysis ..................................................................... 36 4.3.2. Exploring the scale structure by EFA method ................................... 41 4.3.3. New scale after EFA analysis............................................................. 44 4.3.4. Cronbach’s Alpha test after EFA analysis ......................................... 44 4.4.

Testing the suitability of research model ................................................ 45

4.4.1. Correlations analysis. ......................................................................... 45 4.4.2. Linear regression analysis .................................................................. 47 DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION .............................. 53 5.1.

Finding. ................................................................................................... 53

5.1.1. Generation Z’s traits. .......................................................................... 53 5.1.2. The factors effect on work motivation Generation Z in the hospitality industry. ............................................................................................................ 53

5.2.

Implication. ............................................................................................. 54

5.3.

Limitation of the study ........................................................................... 57

5.4.

Recommendation for further research .................................................... 58

REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 60 APPENDIX A. Questionaire ................................................................................ 65 APPENDIX B. Quantities analysis ...................................................................... 69 Appendix B - 1. Frequency statistic ................................................................. 69 1.1.

Gender .................................................................................................... 69

1.2.

Year of birth............................................................................................ 69

1.3.

Educational organization ........................................................................ 69

1.4.

Work experience ..................................................................................... 69

1.5.

Position ................................................................................................... 70

Appendix B - 2. Descriptive statistics .............................................................. 70 2.1.

Independent variables ............................................................................. 70

2.2.

Dependent variables ............................................................................... 71

Appendix B - 3. Scale reliability analysis ........................................................ 71 3.1.

Work – Person scale ............................................................................... 71

3.2.

Work – Related scale .............................................................................. 71

3.3.

Achievement scale .................................................................................. 72

3.4.

Relationship scale ................................................................................... 72

3.5.

Out – of – work scale .............................................................................. 72

3.6.

Work motivation scale ............................................................................ 73

Appendix B - 4. EFA analysis .......................................................................... 73 4.1.

EFA analysis 1st time .............................................................................. 73

4.2.

EFA analysis 2nd time ............................................................................. 74

Appendix B - 5. Scale reliability after EFA analysis ....................................... 76 5.1.

Work – Related scale .............................................................................. 76

5.2.

Achievement scale .................................................................................. 77

Appendix B - 6. Correlation analysis ............................................................... 77 Appendix B - 7. Regression analysis................................................................ 78 7.1.

Model Summary ..................................................................................... 78

7.2.

ANOVA .................................................................................................. 78

7.3.

Coefficients ............................................................................................. 78

7.4.

Collinearity Diagnostics ......................................................................... 78

Appendix B - 8. Regression standardized residual ........................................... 79 8.1.

Histogram ............................................................................................... 79

8.2.

Normal P – P Plot ................................................................................... 79

8.3.

Scatterplot ............................................................................................... 80

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Number

Abbreviation

Origin

1

HCMC

Ho Chi Minh City

2

EFA

Exploratory factor analysis

3

KMO

Kaiser – Meyer – Olkin index

4

SPSS

Statistical Package for the Scocial Sciences

5

VIF

Variance inflation factor

6

HUFLIT

Ho Chi Minh University of Foreign Language – Information Technology

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LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1. Factors and clusters of motivation ......................................................... 12 Table 2.2. Ranking of motivational factors with respect to future work ................ 13 Table 3.1. The adjusted scale .................................................................................. 19 Table 3.2. Official scale and coding........................................................................ 21 Table 4.1. Descriptive statistics of observed variables. .......................................... 34 Table 4.2 Cronbach’s Alpha of work – person scale. ............................................. 37 Table 4.3. Coefficient correlation of work – person scale. ..................................... 37 Table 4.4.Cronbach’s Alpha of work – related scale. ............................................. 38 Table 4.5. Coefficient correlation of work – related scale. ..................................... 38 Table 4.6. Cronbach’s Alpha of achievement scale. ............................................... 38 Table 4.7. Coefficient correlation of achievement scale. ........................................ 39 Table 4.8. Cronbach’s Alpha of relationship scale. ................................................ 39 Table 4.9. Coefficient correlation of relationship scale. ......................................... 39 Table 4.10. Cronbach’s Alpha of out – of – work scale. ........................................ 40 Table 4.11. Coefficient correlation of out – of – work scale. ................................. 40 Table 4.12. Cronbach’s Alpha of work motivation scale........................................ 41 Table 4.13. Coefficient correlation of work motivation scale. ............................... 41 Table 4.14. Cronbach’s Alpha of study scales after EFA test ................................ 45 Table 4.15. Dimension correlations between 5 factors and work motivation ......... 47 Table 4.16. Model summary ................................................................................... 47 Table 4.17. ANOVA. .............................................................................................. 48 Table 4.18. Standardized coefficients and collinearity statistics ............................ 49 Table 4.19. Hypothesis testing result. ..................................................................... 49

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LIST OF CHARTS AND FIGURE Chart 3.1. Data analysis process ............................................................................ 23 Chart 4.1. The percentage of gender participated in survey. .................................. 28 Chart 4.2. The number of the year of birth participated in the survey. ................... 29 Chart 4.3. The portion of the educational organization joined in the survey. ......... 3...