Anatomy heart review PDF

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Anatomy and physiology...

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Test Review: Heart The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to ________.

Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the ________.

Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the ________.

The term for pain associated with deficient blood delivery to the heart that may be caused by the transient spasm of coronary arteries is ________.

The fact that the left ventricle of the heart is thicker than the right ventricle reveals that it ________.

If cardiac muscle is deprived of its normal blood supply, damage would primarily result from ________.

Compared to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle ________.

Hemorrhage with a large loss of blood causes ________.

Normal heart sounds are caused by which of the following events?

Damage to the ________ is referred to as heart block.

Test Review: Heart The P wave of a normal electrocardiogram indicates ________.

Which of the following factors does not influence heart rate?

Norepinephrine acts on the heart by ________.

If the vagal nerves to the heart were cut, the result would be that ________.

A foramen ovale ________.

Which vessel(s) of the heart receive(s) blood during right ventricular systole?

Which of these vessels receives blood during ventricular systole?

The tricuspid valve is closed ________.

Select the correct statement about the function of myocardial cells.

During the period of ventricular filling ________.

Test Review: Heart The second heart sound is heard during which phase of the cardiac cycle?

Select the correct statement about cardiac output.

Isovolumetric contraction ________.

Commotio cordis is heart failure due to a ________.

Identify the specific serous membrane layer at the end of the arrow.

Test Review: Heart Into which chamber of the heart will blood flow next after the vessel indicated by the red arrow?

Any complete blockage within the coronary circulation will lead into a myocardial infarction (MI) or a heart attack. Which of the following will cause an MI?

Sam has been diagnosed with having pulmonary edema. Which heart valve is most likely malfunctioning and not closing properly?

Beginning with the right atrium, what is the order of the valves through which blood will pass?

The adult heart is roughly the size of

The term used to describe fluid collecting in the pericardial cavity that restricts the movement of the heart is known as

The structure that permits blood flow from the right atrium to the left atrium in the fetal circulation is the

Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the

Test Review: Heart

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the

The earlike extension of the atrium is the

The coronary sulcus is a groove that

In the middle of the thoracic cavity is a region occupied by the heart, great vessels, thymus, esophagus, and trachea called the

The cusps (leaflets) of atrioventricular valves attach directly to

Contractions of the papillary muscles

The visceral pericardium is the same as the

Most of the middle layer in the heart wall is composed of

Test Review: Heart The left ventricle pumps blood to the

When a blood clot forms on a ruptured plaque in a coronary artery, the condition is referred to as a(n)

As blood leaves the right ventricle, it passes through the ________ and then into the pulmonary trunk.

Coronary veins empty into the

There are ________ pulmonary veins.

The pulmonary valve prevents backward flow into the

The bicuspid or mitral valve is located

The function of an atrium is to

Which of the following are involved in the pulmonary circuit?

The right pulmonary veins carry ________ blood to the ________.

Test Review: Heart The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart. What is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation? 1. right atrium 2. left atrium 3. right ventricle 4. left ventricle 5. venae cavae 6. aorta 7. pulmonary trunk 8. pulmonary veins

Blood is supplied to the myocardium by

The foramen ovale in the fetal heart is located in the

The first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ________ arteries.

The great and middle cardiac veins drain blood into the

The superior portion of the heart where major blood vessels enter and exit is the

The inferior point of the heart is called the

Pericardial fluid

The ________ is shared by the two ventricles.

Test Review: Heart Muscular ridges on the inner surface of the ventricles are called

The ________ lines the chambers of the heart, covers the heart valves, and is continuous with the endothelium.

The term ________ refers to blockage in the coronary circulation.

________ is the symptom generally brought on by coronary ischemia.

In a procedure known as ________, an inflatable balloon at the end of a catheter is used to press plaque back against the vessel wall.

A procedure in which a length of the patient's vein or artery is used to create a detour around an obstruction in a coronary artery is called

A fine tubular wire mesh called a ________ may be inserted into a coronary vessel, holding it open.

The coronary sinus drains the ________ into the ________.

The ________ is a remnant of an important fetal blood vessel that once linked the pulmonary and systemic circuits.

Test Review: Heart The endocardium consists of this type of tissue.

A hole in the interventricular septum in an infant may cause all of the following symptoms except

Thick projections of muscle in the ventricles that anchor chordae tendineae are called

Prominent muscular ridges in the anterior atrial wall and auricles are called

Which valve(s) contains 2 cusps?

An MI that affects the ________ side of the heart is more severe because it has to pump blood with ________ force.

One possible consequence of untreated strep throat is a disease causing inflammation of heart called

Rheumatic fever causes generalized inflammation of the heart called

Test Review: Heart What is the function of the gap junction within this structure indicated by the red arrow?

Which of the following will receive electrical impulses next after the structure indicated by the red arrow?

The arrow indicates the point of transition from the absolute refractory period to the relative refractory period. Which of the following occurs just before this point?

Test Review: Heart What happens to the electrical impulse when it reaches the AV node?

Tetanic muscle contractions don't occur in a normal cardiac muscle because

In cardiac muscle, the fast depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of

The long plateau phase of the cardiac muscle action potential is due to

The normal pacemaker of the heart is located in

Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would most change the shape of the ________ in an ECG tracing.

As a result of the long refractory period in the cardiac action potential, cardiac muscle cannot exhibit

If the connection between the SA node and AV node becomes blocked,

The following are structural components of the conducting system of the heart. 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. bundle branches The sequence in which excitation would move through this system is

Test Review: Heart

The P wave of the electrocardiogram is a signal from

Depolarization of the atria corresponds to the EKG's

A slower-than-normal heart rate is called

A faster-than-normal heart rate is called

Collectively, the conducting cells that carry the impulse from the SA node to the AV node is known as the

The basic heartrate established by the SA node is called the

The AV node delay is beneficial because

During the plateau phase of the cardiac action potential, which ion is entering the cardiac muscle cell?

On an ECG, what phase of the cardiac cycle is masked by the QRS complex?

Which of the following statements is true about the SA (sinoatrial) node?

Test Review: Heart

The first heart sound ("lubb") is associated with

Considering the left ventricle, why does isovolumetric ventricular contraction occur during ventricular systole?

The phase in the cardiac cycle when the mitral valve is closed and the aortic valve is open is the

During ventricular systole, the

The contraction phase of the cardiac cycle is called

The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle is called

Abnormal heart sounds caused by turbulent flow through faulty valves are called

The backward flow of blood from a ventricle to its atrium or from a outflow vessel to its ventricle is called

In mitral valve prolapse, the cusps of the mitral valve are pushed into the

Test Review: Heart The ________ is the amount of blood in a ventricle after it has contracted and before it begins to refill.

The ________ is the volume of blood in a ventricle at the beginning of systole.

The amount of blood remaining in the ventricle when the semilunar valve closes is the

The heart spends most of the cardiac cycle in which phase?

During the beginning of ventricular systole when the muscle is contracting but not enough pressure has built up to open the semilunar valves the heart is said to be in

When heart rate increases, the time spent in

In an adult at rest, the end-diastolic volume is typically

Passive refilling of the heart occurs during which phase of the cardiac cycle?

At rest, the end-systolic volume (ESV) is what percent of the end-diastolic volume (EDV)?

The first heart sound, "lubb," is caused by the ________.

Test Review: Heart What happens during isovolumetric contraction? The volume of blood remaining in the ventricle as ventricular diastole begins is called the __________.

Which of the following is a function of the nerve indicated by the red arrow?

Which division of the autonomic nervous system would increase heart rate?

What is considered a "normal" cardiac output when resting? Please provide units.

An increase in the rate of action potentials from baroreceptors will trigger a reflex to

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the

Test Review: Heart Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output except increased

Stroke volume depends on all of the following factors except

Cardiac output can be increased by all of the following except

Heart rate is controlled by neurons of the cardiovascular center located in the

Cardiac output is increased by

Activation of which kind of receptor causes heart rate to increase?

Drugs that block the beta-one adrenergic receptors will

If the force of ventricular contraction increases, what will happen to the end-systolic volume?

End-systolic volume is defined as the

Calculate cardiac output if the heart rate is 125 beats/minute, the end-diastolic volume is 130 ml, and the end-systolic volume is 40 ml.

Calculate the cardiac output of a patient with a heart rate of 100 beats/minute and a stroke volume of 75 ml.

Test Review: Heart The ________ is the difference between the resting and maximal cardiac output. The principle that increasing the end-diastolic volume results in a corresponding increase in the stroke volume is known as

Which factor directly influences preload?

Positive inotropic drugs such as glucagon and thyroid hormone cause

Hypertension increases ________ causing stroke volume to ________.

Susan visits the doctor for a stress test before beginning a workout schedule. On the treadmill at a full run for 5 minutes, her heart rate was 150 bpm and her stroke volume was determined to be 120 mL. What is her calculated Cardiac Output?...