Anatomy quiz (1) 1-26-2021 PDF

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SLV Quiz #1 Cells and Compartment 1. a. b. c. d. e.

Silverthorn: Human Physiology.

The space that is surrounded by the tissue wall of hollow organs is known as the peritoneal cavity. lumen. extracellular space. epidural space. tract.

2. The lumen of a hollow organ such as the stomach is considered to be part of the __________ environment. a. internal b. external. 3. a. b. c. d. e.

The basic structural and functional unit of the human body is protein. the cell. tissue. the organ. the organ system.

4. a. b. c. d. e.

The watery medium that surrounds a cell is known as cytosol. protoplasm. extracellular fluid. cytoplasm. plasma.

5. Which of the following terms is NOT used to define the structure that separates the contents of a human cell from its surrounding medium? a. a cell wall b. a cell membrane c. plasma membrane d. plasmalemma. e. None of the above

6. a. b. c. d. e.

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins? bind to ligands regulate the passage of ions act as transport molecules for various solutes anchor or stabilize the cell membrane produce energy

7. What is/are the major role(s) of the phospholipid bilayer?

a. b. c. d. e.

the absorption of fats the formation of a barrier that is selectively permeable to lipid-soluble molecules to provide a framework for membrane proteins to carry water-soluble molecules through a hydrophobic environment. All of the above.

8. a. b. c. d. e.

A liposome is an additive to creams and lotions. a drug-delivery vehicle. a type of lipid. An energy store for the body. All of the above.

9. a. b. c. d. e.

Renewal or modification of the cell membrane is a function of the microtubules. mitochondria. rough endoplasmic reticulum. ribosomes. Golgi complex.

10. Each of the following statements concerning mitochondria is TRUE except one. Identify the exception. a. The mitochondrial cristae increase the inner surface area of the organelle. b. The matrix of the mitochondria contains metabolic enzymes involved in energy production. c. Respiratory enzymes are attached to the surface of the cristae. d. The mitochondria contain no DNA or RNA. e. The mitochondria produce most of a cell's energy. 11. a. b. c. d. e.

Tay-Sachs is a disease caused by having ineffective mitochondria. Golgi bodies. lysosomes. rough endoplasmic reticulum. smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

12. a. b. c. d. e.

Microvilli are found mostly in muscle cells. on the inside of cell membranes. in large numbers on cells that secrete hormones. in cells that are actively engaged in absorption of nutrients. only on cells lining the reproductive tract.

13. a. b. c. d. e.

Most of the energy required to power cellular operations is produced in the ribosomes. endoplasmic reticulum. nucleus. mitochondria. Golgi apparatus.

14. Which does NOT accurately complete the sentence? One of the major functions of both types of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the a. synthesis of biomolecules. b. storage of genetic material for the cell. c. transport of biomolecules. d. storage of biomolecules. 15. Which of the following is NOT a molecule synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)? a. fatty acids b. steroids c. proteins d. lipids e. None of the above. 16. a. b. c. d. e.

If a cell lacked autophage lysosomes, it would not be able to synthesize lipids. produce enzymes. digest cellular wastes and bacteria. destroy H2O2. transport water-soluble molecules.

17. a. b. c. d. e.

The term secretion refers to store material, until it is time for it to leave the cell. synthesize protein for export from the cell. manufacture and assembly of a material. process substance and releases a substance into the extracellular space or cavity.. None of the above describe secretion.

18. a. b. c. d. e.

Movement of material between cells is known as the __________ pathway. transcellular paracellular metacellular transendothelial cisendothelial.

19. a. b. c. d. e.

The structure(s) listed below is (are) type of cell junction. desmosomes tight junctions gap junctions anchoring junctions All of the above

20. The type of junction protein important to form the Brain Blood Barrier. a. Adherens junctions. b. Anchoring junctions

c. Desmosome junction d. Tight junctions e. CAM. 21. a. b. c. d. e.

Functions of epithelia include all of the following EXCEPT providing physical protection. controlling permeability. producing specialized secretions. storing energy reserves. movement.

22. a. b. c. d. e.

Glands that secrete hormones into the blood via tissue fluids are endocrine glands. mixed glands. exocrine glands. unicellular glands. none of the above.

23. a. b. c. d. e.

Function of secretory Epithelia Secrete substances from the cell to extracellular environment the products through the tubes called ducts. Goblet cells are part of the secretory glands. Secretes the paracrine hormones. All of the above.

24. a. b. c. d. e.

Functions of connective tissue include establishing a structural framework for the body. transporting fluids and dissolved materials. providing protection for delicate organs. storing energy reserves. all of the above.

25. a. b. c. d. e.

The term meaning programmed cell death is necrosis. apoptosis. oncogenesis. diuresis. cytocide.

26. a. b. c. d. e.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding mitochondria? The outer mitochondrial membrane is responsible for its shape. The intermembrane space is used in the production of energy. The mitochondria contain their own DNA and RNA. The mitochondria can replicate themselves only when directed by the cell's nuclear DNA. Mitochondria are responsible for providing energy to the cell.

27. Plasma is to blood as __________ is to cytoplasm. a. Inclusion

b. c. d. e.

organelle protein cytosol serum

28. Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels, and one surface of the cells faces the internal cavity of the organ. This tissue is probably a. epithelium. b. muscle tissue. c. connective tissue. d. neural tissue. e. fat tissue

29. What are lipid rafts? a. Another name for the mosaic membrane. b. Sphingolipids that stick up above the phospholipids of the membrane, typical for placental tissues. c. They are liposomes. d. They are micelles. e. None of the above.

30. a. b. c. d. e.

Which type of the organelle that can digest the dead and worn out parts of the cells? Digestive lysosome. Vesicles. Golgi complex. Centrioles. Autophage lysosome.

31. a. b. c. d. e.

The lysosomes besides secreting powerful enzymes they have also this particularity. The inside lysosome is highly acidic. The inside lysosome is highly alkaline. The inside pH is the same as the pH of the cytosol. They are in contact with cytosol. They make the proteins.

32. a. b. c. d. e.

The function(s) of cytoskeleton. Cell shape. Internal organization. Intracellular transport. Movement. All of above.

33. The absorption in the epithelia. a. Movement of substances from the apical side to the basolateral membrane.

b. c. d. e.

Movement of substances from the basement to the apical side. Secretion of substances in goblet cells. The perspiration from skin glands. All of the above.

34. a. b. c. d. e.

Which type of stem cells we found in differentiated adult tissues like in the bone marrow? Pluripotent. Totipotent. Multipotent. Plenipotent. Tripotent.

35. a. b. c. d. e.

Which ions render more negative inside the cell membrane? Potassium ions. Calcium ions. Sodium ions. Organic ions. None of the above.

36. a. b. c. d. e.

The gated channels in the cell membrane of nerves open under which influence? Electrical stimuli. Chemical stimuli. Mechanical stimuli. Vibrating stimuli. All of the above.

37. By which law we predict the movement of solvent through the semi permeable membrane of the blood cell? a. Osmolality. b. Hyperosmolarity. c. Tonicity. d. Permeability. e. Solvability. 38. a. b. c. d.

What the perfusion you will prefer to infuse a patient who just lost more than 1 liter of blood. Normal saline NaCl .9% 5% dextrose. Hypertonic solution. All of the above.

39. With help of a channel the sodium diffuses inside through the cell membrane accompanied by glucose. This will be an example of a. Antiport. b. Symport. c. Uniport. d. Simple diffusion. e. Pinocytosis.

Match the organelle with its function.

40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45.

The "powerhouse" of the cell, ATP are produced there. E These degrade long chain fatty acids and toxic foreign molecules. F The digestive system of a cell, degrading and/or recycling bacterial or organic components. D Modifies proteins and packages them into secretory vesicles for export from the cell. C Synthesize and transport proteins. B Synthesize lipids and transport them. A

a. b. c. d. e. f.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Rough endoplasmic reticulum. Golgi apparatus lysosomes mitochondria peroxisome

46. a. b. c. d. e. 47. a. b. c. d. e.

What are the two extracellular fluid compartments in the body? intracellular and plasma plasma and interstitial fluid interstitial and intracellular plasma and the fluid portion of the blood none of the above. What are the two extracellular fluid compartments in the body? intracellular and plasma plasma and interstitial fluid interstitial and intracellular plasma and the fluid portion of the blood none of the above.

48. a. b. c. d. e.

The means by which a cell transports large molecules out of the cell is called phagocytosis. endocytosis. exocytosis. diffusion. active transport.

49. a. b. c. d. e.

In an epithelium, the apical membrane is also known as the __________ membrane. basolateral mucosal serosal basement nictitating

50. Substances that readily dissolve in water and do not readily dissolve in lipids are a. hydrophobic and lipophobic. b. hydrophilic and lipophobic.

c. hydrophobic and lipophilic. d. hydrophilic and lipophilic. 51. a. b. c. d.

Which of the following molecules can move across the phospholipid bilayer by simple diffusion? lipids steroids gas (oxygen and CO2 all of the above...