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Week 3 Nervous System-Introduction Learning Outcomes:    

Organize the NS into structural and functional divisions Locate and identify the cellular components of nervous tissue Explain the formation of the resting membrane potential and the action potential, and the propagation of the action potential to form a nerve impulse. Explain the factors involved in the transmission of an action potential from one neuron to another in the synapse.

Introduction The nervous system is a vast network of neurons that act as a communication system throughout the body. The structures of the nervous system include the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Today you will explore its organization and cellular components. You will also explore the physiology of action potentials that allow communication via electrical impulses. Assignment Part 1: Complete the activities in Anatomy.TV Nervous system: Introduction, Organization, Nervous tissue, Action Potentials, Synapses To access Anatomy.TV: Resources tab>Library>Library Resources-Database AZ>Anatomy.TV>Titles(default tab): Choose Nervous system>choose assigned sections You will work through the material and activities by scrolling down on the right. This will allow you to see and work through all activities for that section. Keep the lab report with you as you complete the activities to record data. Part 2: Complete the lab report.

Nervous System Lab Report

1. List the components of the central nervous system vs the peripheral nervous system. (1 point; ½ point each)

CNS: The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.

PNS: The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body.

2. Compare and contrast the following parts of the peripheral NS utilizing the chart: (3 points; 1/2 point each) Control (Voluntary or Involuntary) Somatic NS

Autonomic NS

Enteric NS

Voluntary

Involuntary

Involuntary

Effector Organs

Skeletal Muscles

Smooth Muscles, Cardiac Muscles, And Glands

Digestive accessory organs, GI Tract

3. Label the neuron with the following terms. (½ point each for 2 ½ points) Axon, hillock, myelin sheath, soma, dendrites

3. Name the 3 distinct phases of an action potential. (1 point each for 3 points) The three distinctive phases of an action potential are Depolarization, Repolarization, Hyperpolarization.

4. a. What is myelin? (½ point) A myelin is a mixture of proteins and phospholipids forming a whitish insulating sheath around many nerve fibers. b. What is its function in the myelin sheath? (1 point)

Myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells.

5. What is the general function of neuroglia? (½ point) Neuroglia is considered the glue or scaffolding that supports the neurons.

7. a. Which neuroglia provides the myelin sheath in the CNS? (½ point) Oligodendrocytes provide the myelin sheath in the CNS.

b. Which neuroglia provides the myelin sheath in the PNS? (½ point) The Schwann Cells provides the myelin sheath in the PNS.

6. When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal it will lead to depolarization of the membrane triggering opening of voltage gated calcium channels. What will result from the increase in calcium in the presynaptic axon terminal? (See synapse tab)

(1 ½ points)

An increase in the calcium concentration inside the presynaptic axon terminal causes synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitter molecules to fuse with presynaptic plasma membrane. Neurotransmitter molecules are released into the synaptic cleft by the process of exocytosis. Neurotransmitter molecules travel across the synaptic cleft by diffusion and bind to neurotransmitter receptors coupled with ligand, gated channels, along the postsynaptic plasma membrane.

7. How does the CNS interact with the PNS? (1 point)

The PNS takes in information through sensory neurons, then sends it to the CNS to be processed.

Activity

Deliverable

Points

Part 1

Complete Anatomy.TV lab activities

15

Part 2

Complete lab report

15

Total

Complete all lab activities

30...