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Unit 4 – Application Software Application Software: SW we use to do every day stuffs. At school or work. Example: Web browser, Email… 3 Main Activities: 1. Productivity Software: writing, presentation, spreadsheet, data base etc. Thing about the things we do every day at school as students. 2. Business Software: accounting, projects, e-commerce, computer aided design. Etc. 3. Multimedia and Educational Software: image, videos, editing, drawing, audio, app creation… etc Now as I mentioned before we have 3. Types of Application Software Main Activities. First Activity: Productivity Software Productivity Software’s are three types which depends on the Operating System that you have. 1. MICROSOFT OFFICE: Are software suit for Windows. 2. APPACHE OPEN OFFICE: Is similar as Microsoft office; just is downloadable in OpenOffice. 3. APPLE IWORK: Is in Apple 4. Web based online suits: We can use them on internet (they are available wherever internet is) Is cheaper to buy these suits in a package then one by one!!! Now we have: 

Word Processing Software : we can create, edit, write. We can format and make documents. Ex: Word

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Spreadsheets Software: we can perform formula, numerical analysis and calculations. Add rows, columns, change value, sum, average… Ex: Excel We can use What-IF analysis and Worksheet (Which include cells, columns, individual boxes.) In CELLS we can put different types of data: -

Text

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Formula

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Values

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Functions

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Sparklines (small charts)

Presentation Software: we can create slides, presentations. Put audio, effects, images and videos on them. Ex: PowerPoint.

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Data Base Software: used to store and organize data. Example: ACCESS, MySQL, Oracle In EXCEL: they are Field, Records and Table. FIELD: Data Category RECORDS: group of related fields TABLE: group of related records.

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Note Taking Software: Use to organize things, Brainstorm, Quick Notes & Informations. Example: OneNote. There are other Note Taking Apps that we can download easily from internet: Example : EVERNOTE: web based AUDIONOTE: is note taking+voice recording SIMPLENOTE: using tags, web based NOTABILITY: PDF notations

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Personal Information Manager Software: Are software that includes many tasks in one place. For example: Outlook. Includes: email, words, excel… Calender, Reminders, We can do ToDoLists… etc

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Microsoft Office Productivity Features: include o WIZARD: to do complicated tasks. Help user to complete different and complex tasks.

o TEMPLATE: Are predesigned formats, help the user. For Example in word is APA Format or CV Templates etc… o MACRO: Small program grouping series of commands that run as a single one. Business Software: --- For Small Business--Accounting Software: helps owners manage their finances with efficient tools. Desktop Publishing Software: Allows professionals to design books or publishing with professional layouts. Web Authoring Software: Allows users to design web pages even without knowing HTML codes. , Possibility to convert documents to webpages. ----For Large and Specialized Businesses---Vertical Market Software: application for special needs in particular companies Computer Aided Design: to create automated design, technical drawings, 3D visualization. USES: Architects, Engineers, 3D printing, Medical Engineers. TOOLS: UBERCONFERENCE (for group calls), TRELLO (manage projects with lists + description of tasks and work between individuals.), SCRIBBLAR ( using whiteboard while video chatting). Multimedia and Educational Software: ----MULTIMEDIA---Multimedia Software : includes digital media, video and audio to produce computer games, animations and movies. Image Editing Software: To do modifications for digital images Video Editing Software: tools to refine videos Drawing Software: Tools to create/draw 2D lines, drawings, diagrams, animations, illustrations etc. Digital Audio Software: 

Compressed: files that are easy to transfer from Internet to computer. Example: MP3, VMA, Audio Layer….

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Uncompressed: files include CDs= or much larger files with better quality

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Audio Editing Software: tools that are basic to edit audio files.

------EDUCATIONAL------

Are media to help in educational area: for improvements, course managments, brain training or course management. Stimulation Programs: are control software as if actual event for gaining safely experience without potential dangerous situations. Course Management Software: runs online courses

WHERE TO GET THE SOFTWARE? You can buy it in store or download websites. -

APP AS MARKET PLACE (APP STORE) Is for purchases, download of software. Apps are written for specific OS We have Software that are specific for computers, laptops or mobiles.

3 Main App Stores: 1. App Store – for IOS 2. Google Play – for Android 3. Windows Store – for Window 8 We have : 

Freeware—free, copywrite licensed access to any user

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Beta Version – app still in development, can be in trial period

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Gold Version – final beta version

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Restore point – possibility to return to the system you had before sw installation in protection tools.

When you buy an app you actually buy a license to use it because the app doesn’t belong to the user. Types of licenses: 

Software Licence: AGREEMENT BTW YOU (USER) & SW COMPANY

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Concurrent licence: LIMIT NUMBER OF USERS TO USE THE APP

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Software privacy: happens when make more software copies than licences.

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GNU (General Public Licence): free licence software used from general public.

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Copyleft: a modified open source software under the same as original version

INSTALLING & UNINSTALLING SOFTWARE: 

Full installation

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Custom Instalation : When you choose specific features that you want to install

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Bloatware: software put by the computer manufacture that we don’t need.

Cloud Computing: Refers to storing data, files and apps by using website. You can be able to manipulate on them on any device that is connected with internet. 2 Types of Computing: -

FRONT END: involved web browsers seen by users. Example: Gmail.

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BACK END: consist various data centers and server. Files + Programs = Fill of computers + servers created around the world to work together. Chromebook is the first computer with only cloud storage.

Important!! To be consider 1. SECURITY AND PRIVACY: trusted passwords and security systems 2. BACKUP: even if icloud is a good backup by itself, offline backup is always betters to use. 3. ACCESS ISSUES: Possible failures can happen. Always good to use offline backups instead. Basic Types of Applications and Software: There are two types of software that can be run in computer: 1. Open Source Software: are software’s that are free for us. We don’t need to pay, copy rights, supported and updated by diff. communities for users across websites or newsgroups. 2. Propriety or Commercial Software’s: We have to pay for them. To buy them. For example, Microsoft applications. We have also new trends of IT (New Mobile Apps) -

Such as apps that are used on mobiles or tablets to make purchases and payments.

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Apple Pay, Android Pay, Gift Cards etc.

Just like software’s we have also apps that are three types of apps in smartphone: 1. Local Apps: Don’t need internet to be functional

2. Mobile Apps: Need internet to be functional 3. Web-Based Apps: Can be used on internet without being installed eg: email or google doc. Thing about apps that we can open on internet without installing.

UNIT 3: SYSTEM SOFTWARE System Software: Sets programs that connect together the application software and hardware devices- to do the tasks of the computer such as turning on the computer, turning off etc. Example: Operating System and Utility Programs. Operating System : What we need to know? Types/ Examples: IOS (Apple), Android, Microsoft (Windows), Linux (which is open Source) All of these examples (operating systems are groups of programs that controls the computer how to function!!!) There are 3 Primary Functions: 1. Control the HW components (as we mentioned): -

CPU

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Memory (RAM)

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Storage Devices

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Peripheral Devices

2. Multitasking: Operating System provide more than one process at one time (It can do a lot of things in one time) 3. Platform: This means that each Operating System has a specific application Software. For example: MAC has a specific application software which is different from Windows. Utility Programs: Perform computer on housekeeping tasks such as: Backups, Security or Recovery. Example of utility Programs: Backups Prog., Antivirus Prog. Etc. We have also Operating System for Machinery, Networks and Businesses. -

REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEM: are designed to function only for needs of devices and record precise results. No commercial software available. Called also Embedded System.

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MULTIUSER

OPERATING

SYSTEM

(NETWORK

OPERATING

SYSTEM): lets more than one user to have access on computer system -

NETWORKS: groups of computers that work together so they can communicate and share resources.

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SERVER: computer managing networks resources such as printing and communication.

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UNIX: multi user, multitasking OS used as network OS used also in PC.

We have Operating System also for Personal Use: Operating System for Smartphones: Android, Apple Operating System for Tablets: Android, Apple and Windows. Operating System for Computers: Windows, Apple and Linux -

Windows: Windows & Windows 10

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MAC OS: Apple

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LINUX: Linux and Linux Kernel.

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Platform: combination of OS + a specific processor

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Partition: separate section on harddrive to install another OS

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Google Chrome OS: web-based OS only on Chromebooks.

In Operating System we have User Interface. Types: COMMAND DRIVEN INTERFACE: when we need command to communicate with computer system. MICROSOFT INTERFACE: Allows to interact with computer. MENU DRIVEN INTERFACE: Where commands are choosen from menus displayed on screen. GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE: user friendly (EX: when mouse is point in the pc…) What does the operating system overall? 1. Manages HW 2. Provides an intersection between Applications and CPU 3. Manages the Processor 4. Provides User Interface --- Hardware Coordination---EVENT- each command we give to OS to execute INTERRUPT- signal that tell the device to do a particular event (Example : print)

INTERRUPT HANDLER: special command to make a request and make a place in the RAM PREEMPTIVE MULTITASKING: OS processing task that have priority by the system STACK: has a special location in RAM to tell CPU on temporally interrupt an ongoing task BUFFER: Temporary storage section in RAM memory for task request coming from peripherial devices. SPOOLER: Program helping to do print jobs QUEUE: Line of print jobs waiting to execute request in order. ----- Memory and Storage Management ----VIRTUAL MEMORY: Ram has a limited capacity. So, if its full, then it borrows space from hard drive. SWAP FILES: temporary storage area on Hard Drive where data haven’t been used are put there and if they are needed later they are swapped back in Ram. PAGING: process of swapping files. THRASHING: excessive paging making computer sluggish. ---- Peripheral Device Management---DEVICE DRIVER: make a communication btw Device and OS. PLUG AND PLAY: Software and Hardware standard designed to install new HW in PCs included in OS. BOOT PROCESS Has four principle steps to start the computer and to handle errors. STEP 1 (Activating BIOS) -

CPU activates BIOS

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Basic Input and Outputs System such as managing data exchanging btw. OS and I/O devices and load OS into RAM

STEP 2 (SELF TEST) -

Power On self-Test (POST): ensures all the peripheral devices are attached.

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CMOS: special kind of memory that needs no power and have all the essential information about the system’s memory.

STEP 3 (LOADING THE OS) -

System Files: (are the main Files of OS)

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Kernel: Essential component of OS. Manages also the processor. Is loaded in RAM and so is Memory Resident (when is always in RAM when computer is turned on) And is Nonresident (when gets moved in RAM only when its needed).

STEP 4 (CHECKING FURTHER CONFIGURATIONS) -

REGISTRY: contains all the customized settings used by OS, by other applications and what should be loaded first.

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AUTHENTIFICATION: login name and passwords required in each booting process & to block unauthorized users.

How to handle booting errors? -

RESET THIS PC: fixing errors when computer is behaving improperly. When PC is reset we should keep in mind: o All files are kept o All apps downloaded from Windows store are kept o All apps downloaded from Internet/DVD are removed

Windows 10 (when we use system software)

As we see :  Desktop features (which can be accessed with mouse or touch/enabled device)  Start Menu: shows access to most used programs  Task view allows different options to be opened  Virtual desktop (allows to make as many as you want--- no limited amount)

MAC – IOS (when we use system software) Very similar to Windows but: 

Start Menu is DOCK and contains icons

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Make data and task transfer same as Windows.

LINUX – UBUNTU (when we use system software) 

Is not popular because Linux is an open source and no technical support is provided

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Start Menu with icons (similar to IOS)

How to organize your files (File Management)?! FILE MANAGEMENT: organization structure to your computer contents C: DRIVE: where file are stored permentaly

FILE: collection of program instruction or data that are used as one unit FOLDER: collection of files FILE EXPLORER: Windows main tool to find, view and manage files NVIGATION: on the left, organized by the most used files, organized by favourites and librarites. FILE LIST, FILE PATH & PATH SEPERATOR How to with files and Folders?! 2 ways to view files: Details view and Icons View How to name your files?! -

Each file has to have a unique name (to be identified)

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Up to 255 characters

How to copy, move and delete files?! -

Recycle Bin (is a desktiop file where we can move files when we don’t need them)

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We can copy files (CTRL C)

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And move to another place if we want.

File compression!! -

Make a large file that includes many documents on it. Is easier to save, send and upload it.

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Is made to reduce size

Windows Administrative Utilities 

DISK CLEAN UP: remove unnecessary files from hard drive

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TASK MANAGER: checking programs when non-responsive

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Disk Defragmentation: takes all pieces of one file and save the in one place

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TRACKS: Hard disk in concretes circle

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SECTOR AND CLUSTERS: pie shaped of track// smallest sector on identifying data

Backup utilities 

Need to know the Assignment that we did with Backups

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FILE HISTORY

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SYSTEM RESTORE

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SYSTEM RESTORE POINT

Accessibility Utilities (Ease of Access Centre) 

MAGNIFIER: separate window showing magnified screen portion

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NARRATOR: reads what’s on screen

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SPEECH RECOGNITION: allowing to dictate text

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ON SCREEN KEYBOARD: allow to type with mouse

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HIGH CONTRAST: color schemes invert screen colors...