Building Administration N5 Study Guide PDF

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Building Administration N5 Study Guide...

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STUDY GUIDE NATIONAL N CERTIFICATE IN ENGINEERING STUDIES

BUILDING ADMINISTRATION N5 SUBJECT CODE: 4090045

DAMELIN 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS Welcome Note

3

Mission and Vision Statement of Damelin

4

Student Support

5

Words you need to know

6

Assessments

7

Course Objectives

8

Prescribed and recommended Books and Websites

9

Module 1: Mechanical Plant

10

Module 2: Programming and Planning

22

Module 3: Sub-Contractors

27

Module 4: Material and Plant Records

30

Module 5 Administration

34

Module 6: Personal Contacts on Site

36

Module 7: Contract Documents

39

Module 8: Formation Level and Mass Haul Diagram

41

Module 9:Variations, Omissions and Extras

50

Module 10:Site Meetings

51

Copyright: In terms of the Copyright Act, no 98 of 1978, no part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any other information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from Damelin.

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WELCOME NOTE

Dear Student, Damelin Management and Staff take pride in welcoming you as a student of this institution We hope that you find both your time of studies to be an informative and exciting experience. This course is developed to prepare you for a future career, equipping you with the necessary competencies required in your chosen career field. We would like to encourage you to interact with other students and staff as you can build lasting friendships and future contacts. This study guide aims at assisting you in and giving you a better understanding all the content and information in order to grasp the subject. This study guide is not to be used in isolation of a recommended textbook and recommended reading and research. The study guide was developed with view to assisting you and giving you a better understanding all the content of your course.

Wishing you all the best for your studies

DAMELIN MANAGEMENT AND STAFF

DAMELIN STUDY GUIDE

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DAMELIN VISION To lead and inspire quality private education and training throughout Southern Africa and the African continent

MISSION We pride ourselves on being the provider of quality learner focused education. It is our mission to deliver innovative, yet relevant programmes on multiple NQF levels while contributing with integrity and commitment to the community ideals of skills development and employability. Our mission is to meet regulatory requirements as they apply to private institutions and exceed the expectations of quality

Our core values are: • Academic commitment • Reputable and quality brand • Innovative relevant programmes • Skills development and employability • Integrity • Entrepreneurial spirit

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STUDENT SUPPORT The support systems which we at Damelin have put in place to support to our students, aims to have a significant influence on how well our students will achieve. Students Support will assist students to achieve academically, to make the correct programme choices, and be oriented into Further Education and Training opportunities at Damelin. Damelin envisages to provide holistic services to students that embraces the full range of any single student’s interaction with the College.

Pre-entry Admission

• • •

•

STUDENT SUPPORT

On course Academic programme •

Exit Work readiness

• • • •

Selection and Placement into appropriate programmes Contract of enrolment Orientation and Code of Conduct

Academic Support Performance monitoring and feedback, Workshops, Study Guides, Academic Advising Centre Personal Support Life skills, counselling, Health and Wellness

Higher Education Self-employment Employment In-service Training

Students are encouraged to make use of the Student Support Services available on each of our campuses. Each campus has Lecturer consultation times where you will be able to have a consultation with your subject lecturer should you require additional support.

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WORDS YOU NEED TO KNOW________________________________________ Below is a list of question instruction words that are commonly used in activities and exams. The explanations below suggest the type of answer you are generally expected to provide for each instruction. Before answering a question, check the mark allocation to ensure you are providing the right amount of information. Instruction word Account for Annotate Calculate Compare Complete Construct Convert Define Describe Determine Discuss

Distinguish Draw Estimate Expand Express Examine Explain Factorise Identity Indicate Interpret List Mathematise Manipulate Prove Provide Read off Simplify Sketch Solve State Substitute

DAMELIN STUDY GUIDE

What you need to know Explain why, give reasons for. Add notes to the text or a diagram. Work out an answer mathematically using the information provided. Show all your workings. Identify similarities (and differences) between two or more things. Finish. Draw something accurately using your ruler, pencil, compass and protractor. Write the quantity in different units. Give the exact meaning of something in a short statement, mathematical equation or scientific formula. Give a detailed explanation of how or why something happens. Find out something by research or calculation. Explain, giving several different views on the issue; explore similarities and differences and draw conclusions on the possible implications as well as giving your own position on the issue Set something apart as different from the rest. Make a diagram or picture of something. Give an approximate. Multiply out the bracketed terms of an equation. Show something in words or figures. Investigate closely. Give reasons for. Divide a number into factors. Point out and describe. Show or point out. Explain the meaning of something and show that you understand it. Provide an itemised series of parts, reasons or qualities, possibly in a table. Show or point out. Rearrange an expression or equation. Show that something is true. Give. Determine values from a graph and write them down. Reduce an expression to a simpler form using the rules of arithmetic. Draw something roughly without using instruments. Work out the solution to a mathematical problem. Express something in clear terms using one or two short sentences. Replace a variable with its actual value.

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ASSESSMENTS

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTS: These are compulsory internal assessments which are compulsory and contribute towards your Term Mark. 1.

NATIONAL TEST

2.

•

DURATION OF TEST: 1½ HOURS

•

TOTAL MARKS: 50

•

WEIGHTING TOWARD TERM MARK: 30%

NATIONAL DP EXAMINATION •

DURATION OF DP EXAM: 3 HOURS

•

TOTAL MARKS: 100

•

WEIGHTING TOWARD TERM MARK: 70%

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENTS: These are external assessments from the DHET. Students must be registered with the DHET in order to write these assessments. ENTRANCE TO SUMMATIVE EXAMINTION REQUIREMENT: 80% ATTENDANCE RATE AND MINIMUM TERM MARK OF 40% •

DURATION OF NATIONAL EXAMINATION: 3 HOURS

•

TOTAL MARKS: 100

•

WEIGHTING OF FINAL MARKS: ➢

TERM MARK:

40%

➢

EXAMINATION MARK:

60%

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BUILDING ADMINISTRATION N5

COURSE OBJECTIVES The learner to be familiar with the terms used in construction and be able to compile tender documents.

LEARNING OUTCOMES On completion of this course the students should be able to: •

Categorise the mechanical plants used in building work and know their uses

•

Know the methods of recording on charts

•

Co-ordinate subcontractors work, methods of measuring and handing over of completed work

•

Know the responsibilities of personals on site

•

Know the reasons for the necessity of contract documents and site meetings

•

And be able to determine cut and fill of grounds using different methods.

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PRESCRIBED BOOK TITLE

AUTHOR/S

Building Administration N5

Dirk Venter

EDITION

ISBN NO

PUBLISHER

978177811626

RECOMMENDED READING TITLE

AUTHOR/S

Building Administration N5

Brink

EDITION

ISBN NO

PUBLISHER

9781928203568

WEBSITES 1

http://uotechnology.edu.iq/depbuilding/LECTURE/highway&bridge%20engineering/third_class/HighwayDesign/MHD.PDF

2

http://jeteas.scholarlinkresearch.com/articles/An%20Innovative%20Mass%20Haul%20Diagram.pdf

3

http://www.softree.com/Tips_Techniques/T-086RoadEng_Training/PDFs/Mass%20Haul.pdf

4

http://www.ugpti.org/dotsc/engcenter/downloads/201103_EarthworkAndMassDiagrams.pdf

5

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fe02WqgD94Q

MANDATORY COURSE REQUIREMENTS Students must meet all internal and external assessment requirements in order to pass this subject. A term mark of 40% and mandatory class attendance of 80% of all lectures per programme is required to gain entrance into the Summative Assessment.

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MODULE 1: MECHANICAL PLANT LEARNING OUTCOMES On completion of this module the students should be able to: Categorise the mechanical plants used in building work and know their uses, selection, costing and the necessity of their maintenance TOPICS • Mechanization • Planning • Classification of Plant • Costing • Maintenance

1.1

Mechanisation

Types of power used for building plant o o o o

Electricity Petrol Diesel Compressed Air

a. Electrical powered plant This is commonly used in permanent workshops as it is clean, reasonably cheap and reliable. It also requires less attention compared to diesel and petrol where the checking of gauges and oil is required. It is in recommended use in building site as it is not easy to obtain electricity supply and the cables should be of care from water and plants. b. Petrol powered plant This type of power is cheaper than diesel, but only smaller plants are operated by petrol engines. c.

Diesel powered plant

Very advantageous as every site has storages where diesel can be stored, except the fact that diesel is expensive. d. Compressed air Flexible and useful for small tools. Selection of plant machinery When choosing a mechanical plant, the following factors need to be considered: • Capital outlay – the buying or hiring cost • Running cost –working costs • Maintenance costs – repairs costs With the large selection of mechanical plant now available, the most economical choice of machines and methods of operation in any situation is not always obvious and must be determined by comparative costing where all these factors underline the necessity for obtaining the true operative cost of all plant.

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1.2

Planning

Selecting equipment For every planning for the contract, the best mechanical plant to carry out various operations should be determined. That can only be done by considering these points/factors: • What type of machine to be chosen • For economic reasons will there be sufficient work to keep the machine occupied • Will there be sufficient labour and allied services to maintain a steady output.

1.3

Classification of plant

The machines and power tools which are the subject of this course are divided into three classes according to their degree of mobility: • Fixed – those which operate from fixed position e.g. stationary cranes • Portable – those that can be pushed, pulled or be carried by hand e.g. hand tools • Mobile –those that can move under their own power. e.g. excavators 1. Cranes Cranes give tree dimensional movement and therefore particularly useful in solving handling problems. They are divided into two broad groups which are Mobile Cranes and Stationary Cranes. a. Mobile cranes Mobile cranes can either be Self-propelled or Lorry mounted.

Self-Propelled Cranes– those mounted on pneumatic tyres which can be driven at slow speeds from site to site on normal roads. Lorry Mounted Cranes – have a greater mobility on the road but are less mobile on site as their primary use being for highly mobile purposes requiring rapid movement from site to site.4

b. Stationary cranes These are fixed mainly at their working position, commonly used in congested sites where there is not much space to work around. E.g. Guyed Derrick and Scotch Derrick.

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2. Hoists Hoists consist of a horizontal platform which is moved up and down vertical guides by a powered winch. The hoist guides are tied back to the structure or scaffoldings to provide stability. There are two types of hoists, which are Platform Hoists and Mobile Platform Hoists.

Platform Hoists – this type uses manpower; the platform is hung for the lower capacities and centre hung in a similar manner to lift for higher capacities. Mobile Platform Hoists – these are developed for house building; the guides are fixed to a vertical mast which is mounted on a chassis and two tiered wheels on which the hoist is moved. 3. Transporting Transporting normally refers to horizontal movement of material but can involve vertical movement also e.g. conveyors

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a. Dumpers Dumpers are diesel, petrol or man-powered machines with a wide range of sizes of forward/backward skips designed with rear wheel steering. Can be used to transport excavated spoil, hard-core or concrete. They travel well on the rough and muddy building sites. E.g. power arrows and wheelbarrows.

b. Dump trucks These are fitted with high-capacity metal bowls to allow easy filling and quick clean tipping and are designed for hauling excavated materials using highway.

4. Elevators and conveyors Developed to raise material. They can be used to handle small quantities of material such as excavated spoil from the point of excavation to the point of loading for transport. These consist of a rotating belt or chain to which are fixed buckets plugs. The lugs depend on the nature of the material to be used. 5. Concrete pumps and placers Pumps are mechanically operated, and placers are pneumatically operated by compressed air.

1.4

Mixing

Concrete is one material that is mostly mechanized not unless there is a small amount required where hand mixing is recommended.

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Advantages of mechanical mixing • Greater economy • Certain mixing without loss of cement • Accurate gauging of water content Classification of concrete mixers 1. Non-tilting Drum Mixer Consists of a cylindrical drum with partially closed ends and rotates in a vertical plane. 2. Tilting Drum Mixer Consists of a pear –shaped drum open at the narrow top end and revolving on a tilting axis, which permits the drum to be tilted in one direction or loading into the open end.

1.5

Power tools

Used for many different purposes defending on the function of each tool. Most power tools have an engine or motor incorporated as an integral part of the tool. Here are the principal types of power tools: 1. Picks, Breakers and Rock Drills – are used for breaking up and cutting into materials such as bricks, concrete, etc. 2. Rammers – used for compacting return soil and hard-core 3. Hammers – used for cutting holes in brickwork or any other hard material. 4. Rotary drills – used for drilling holes in all types of materials 5. Grinders – used for smoothing down the faces of in situ cast concrete 6. Saws – used for cutting in materials, they can be circular or rotary saw, a reciprocating saw or a chain saw. 7. Planers and Rebaters – used to hold the wood. They are fitted with two bladed high-speed rotary cutters. 8. Routers – used moulding 9. Cartridge Hammers – used to make fixing of timber and bricks. They are also known as rivet or bolt guns 10. Power Floats – used for trowelling screed and surfaces of large areas of concrete. 11. Sanders – are used for smoothing down wood surfaces ➢

1.6

There are four types: The rotary or disk sander The belt sander The orbital sander The drum sander

Compacting equipment

It used to compact earth and consolidate filled material to form a good solid foundation for roads, runways, etc. a.

Solid wheeler rollers

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These are diesel powered machines with weight distributed over the two large diameter solid wheels. They also carry water tanks with small sprinkler pipes to prevent materials from sticking. b.

Tamping rollers

This is a self-propelled machine fitted with two or more steel rolls with a number of tapered steel projection fitted on each. c. Vibrator roller This roller may be self-propelled or towed to enable areas to be compacted. It has one or more steel rolls to which vibration is applied by a separate vibratory unit.

d. Pneumatic tyred roller The roller may be self-propelled or towed. It compacts by pressure alone and is suitable for large areas of granular material.

e.

Sheep footer rolling

This machine is similar to the tamping roller, but the projections are shaped like sheep's feet. The sheep foot roller travels at a slow speed to reduce the tamping effect.

1.7

Excavators

Excavators are fitted with attachment which allows them to carry out different types of excavation. Each attachment consists of a jib (fixed with a container) which is hinged to the body of the machine which can rotate about the base. a. Universal excavators

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The cabin of the excavator is built on to a turntable mounted on crawler tracks and allows the machine to work thro...