Challenges or obstacles in national integration PDF

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1. Communalism: Communalism has been India's most complex problem, in which one religion develops an extreme affection for their religion and hostility for another. When people of different religions mix, this happens. This kind of sentiment encourages religious fundamentalism and fanaticism, which ...

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Challenges or obstacles in national integration

Introduction: 1. Communalism: Communalism has been India's most complex problem, in which one religion develops an extreme affection for their religion and hostility for another. When people of different religions mix, this happens. This kind of sentiment encourages religious fundamentalism and fanaticism, which is harmful to the country's unity and integrity. Since independence, India has been afflicted by communalism. On the eve of independence, and even afterward, we had the worst form of communal riots. Several communal riots have occurred in various sections of the country, causing great misery to the people.

2. Regionalism: It is yet another impediment to national integration. It frequently encourages people to advance regional interests at the expense of national concerns. One could argue that bringing up the concerns of a certain region is necessary to draw the attention of decision-makers and persuade them to meet

legitimate regional demands. This is reasonable thinking because such requests may be based on legitimate grievances of regions and states that have not received a fair share of projects and industries in the overall economic structure.All of our country's regions have not been developed to their full potential. The absence of expected socioeconomic development, among other issues, leads to calls for the formation of new states. Aggressive regionalism is even riskier, as it leads to division. Such feelings have been felt in sections of the state of Jammu and Kashmir.

3. Linguistic diversity: India is a multilingual nation. India's population speaks about 2000 different languages and dialects. Many times, particularly in the early decades after independence, this plurality has been utilised negatively. Every country need a single official language, but this is not an easy feat for India. Representatives from non-Hindi speaking areas spoke out against a recommendation in the Constituent Assembly to designate Hindi as India's official language. There has to be a compromise there. While the Constituent Assembly designated Hindi to be the official language for the next 15 years, it was also

stated that English would be utilised for official purposes by the union government for the next 15 years.

There were widespread protests in non-Hindi speaking regions when the official Language Commission, established in 1955, suggested that Hindi be replaced as the official language. When the official Language Bill was proposed in the Lok Sabha in 1963, there were similar protests and rallies. It also permitted the use of English for official purposes to continue indefinitely.

4. Extremism: Another barrier to national unity is the existence of extremist movements in various sections of the country, such as the Naxalite or Maoist activities. These movements use violence to instil terror in the public sphere, resulting in the deaths of government personnel and citizens, as well as the destruction of public property. Its main cause is that the state's movement of socioeconomic deprivations has been going on for years. Furthermore, daily

humiliation, denial of justice, human rights violations of many types, and political marginalisation drive individuals to participate in such movements. These extremist actions pose a threat to law and order as well as harmonious living in the community.Those who live in the impacted areas.

5. Casteism: Another barrier to our nation's togetherness is casteism. The inhabitants of India are divided into castes such as Brahmins, Kshatryas, Vaishyas, and Sudras, as well as a number of subcastes. People from a certain caste believe they are superior to those from other castes. In India, the majority of elections are fought along caste lines. In truth, political leaders are chosen based on their religion or caste affiliations. Because individuals are illiterate and just know their castes, exploitation based on castes is successful. People who vote based on their caste do not elect the right person to the proper position. As a result, people who are both unwanted and inept gain authority. It poses a threat to a democratic country. Canteism has become a persistent affliction.

6. Classism: In the history of the globe, India's cultural tradition is the most ancient. It is a country with inhabitants from various castes. People in our country

have been classified as advance class, backward class, most backward class, scheduled castes, and scheduled tribes based on their occupations and income. This classification let the government focus its efforts on those who were economically disadvantaged. Classism has now become a barrier to national integration. People from the forward and backward classes protest the government's decision to label them as backward and most backward in order to receive the highest economic and job benefits. This trend leads to communal rioting and political squabbles, both of which are detrimental to national integration.

7. In Equality: Indian society is characterised by socioeconomic inequities. 'A fundamental danger to national integration is the persistence of inequity,' warned Mrs. Indira Gandhi, our late Prime Minister. Inequality exists in the areas of education, economics, politics, and social life. The gap between the rich and the poor widens as a result of socioeconomic inequality. Minority prejudice has a negative impact on our country's internal peace. The existence of inequalities in

the political, religious, economic, and social realms makes national integration difficult.

8. Political Parties: In a democratic country, the establishment of many political parties is necessary for instilling political consciousness among the populace, forming public opinion, and effectively running the government. The current political parties, on the other hand, are not organised for the development of a healthy government and the nation's welfare. They're organised in the name of community, religion, language, and province, and they're posing a major threat to national unity.

9. Unemployment: The intelligentia is unemployed. It progresses Disappointment, frustration, conflict, and tension are all words that come to me when I think of Unemployed educated youth are easy prey for anti-social and anti-national views and behaviours. Unemployment has now become a source of laziness, characterlessness, corruption, and suicide among educated young men. There will be no national elections. A disgruntled youngster is the country's worst enemy. For such jobless kids, the concept of national integration is worthless.

10. Economic Inequality: India is one of the least developed countries in the world. Such people must put in a lot of effort to meet their basic necessities. As a result, national,For them, integration has no significance. Inequality in wealth distribution, unemployment, and family size force the majority of people into poverty. It becomes a danger to national unity. This necessitates careful planning. 11. Religious Disparities: India is home to Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Jains, and Buddhists, among others. Every group has its own set of customs, traditions, and social norms. As a result, we have our own set of conventions, traditions, and ways of behaving. Such inconsistencies cause social disputes, which have a negative impact on national integration.

12. Social illiteracy: It is difficult to find social illiteracy in modern India. Feelings in the current generation that are an impediment to national integration. We are egotistical. We are socially inept. We are unaware that we have responsibilities to fulfil for the good of society. National integration is harmed by this narrowmindedness. 13. Leadership: National integration will be impossible until social, political, and religious leaders become more open-minded. Lower-level leadership fosters a

sense of custeism, communalism, and linguism among the masses, which impedes national integration. For success, good leadership is necessary. Democracy's efficient operation and the promotion of national integration are two goals that must be pursued.

14. A lack of national character: A person's character affects his or her worth and quality. There is no such thing as a character in the scientific world. In social, political, and spiritual life, harmful tendencies such as corruption, dishonesty, adultration, bribery, and black-marketing occur at every level. This lack of personality becomes a significant impediment to national unity.

15. Foreign Languages: People have become disenchanted with foreign languages as a result of their importance. People who yearn for the English language have a distinct personality that separates them from others whose medium of teaching is an Indian language. The English language widens the divide between educated and uneducated individuals. English-medium educated people conceive of themselves as superior, which is bad for national integration.

16. Affective Educational System: Education is the most significant tool for fostering national unity. Our educational system lacks such a vision and has done little to address it. Our educational system is not connected to national life and does not meet our needs and aspirations. One country's national interest has been harmed by a lack of vision in education....