CHM130 GRAVIMETRIC FULL REPORT DOCX

Title	CHM130 GRAVIMETRIC FULL REPORT
Author	Justine Marie
Pages	10
File Size	843.2 KB
File Type	DOCX
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I. Introduction The evolution of scientific knowledge owes its pace to the intelligence of mankind that paved techniques to be passed to one generation after another, from the discovery of the nature of atom, to Mendeleev's creation of the periodic table, leading to T.W. Richards and his students' determination of the atomic masses of certain elements. The nature of Analytical Chemistry is the identification of composition of materials, either through quantitative analysis or qualitative analysis. The latter involves a method called Gravimetric Analysis that plays significant role in the determination of the amount of species in a material through the conversion of that species to a product that can be isolated completely and weighed (Gammon et. al, 2009). Most traditional gravimetric methods require the knowledge of stoichiometric reactions, solubility rules and the calculation of mass of substance. Gravimetry is comprised of sub-procedures such as precipitating the sample, filtering the solution, washing the precipitate free of contaminants, igniting the precipitate and finally weighing the precipitate and determining its mass by difference. Precipitation is a process in which the sample is reacted with another sample to form an insoluble product which is called the precipitate while the manner of separating the precipitate from the mother liquor is filtration. It is necessary to assure that the precipitate is free from impurities within, large enough to filter and negligibly soluble. Washing of precipitate with liquid removes all soluble impurities sticking with the precipitates (Hage et. al, 2011). After separation, the substance must undergo ignition before weighing by heating up the precipitate to drive off excess solvent and volatile electrolytes but it is subjected to change the chemical composition of the precipitate. An advantage of gravimetric analysis is that identifying the mass of a substance is one of the most accurate measurements that can be made with errors of less than 0.2% (Hage et. al, 2011). This method of analysis has a real life applications such as the determination of chemicals in contaminated water, amount of fat a food may contain, chemical analysis of ores and other industrial materials, in the calibration of instruments, and in the elemental analysis of inorganic compounds and measurement of the essential elements in plant foods. Although the process is time-consuming and tedious, the method guarantees an accurate result. In this experiment, the Gravimetric Determination of Iron, the purpose is to define the principles and standard techniques involved in precipitation and gravimetric analysis. It aims to obtain the percent composition of the analyte, which is Iron, in an unknown sample using 1...