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Name Chan’Tel Morrison Date 10/27/2021 Period 4th

1. Which cell structure is responsible for maintaining homeostasis (a stable, internal environment) within the cell? Cell Membrane

2. Cell walls surround ( plant / animal / all ) cells. 3. The cell membrane is found in ( plant / animal / all ) cells. 4. Describe the overall structure of the cell membrane: The cell membrane is like a phospholipid bilayer which contains two layers of phospholipids with embedded proteins

5. Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions of a phospholipid. The bubble is hydrophilic The legs are hydrophobic

6. Give at least one reason why small molecules are able to easily pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The push and pull of water

7 . 8 .

The Fluid Mosaic model explains the idea that proteins and other embedded structures “float” within the cell membrane as it flexes and bends. Label the major structures found within the cell membrane.

Carbohydrate Chain

Phospholipid Bilayer

Cholesterol

9. What does it mean to describe the cell membrane as semipermeable? Something that allows certain materials in and out of the cell

10. Complete the following concept map.

Cell Transport Definition:

Passive Transport

Active Transport

Energy Required? no

Energy Required? yes

Materials move:

Materials move:

High � Low

Low � High

( With / Against ) gradient.

( With / Against ) gradient.

Examples: Diffusion, osmosis, Facilitates Diffusion

Examples: Endocytosis and Exocytosis

11. Define diffusion. Diffusion is the movement of small particles from high to low until equilibrium is reached

12. Molecules diffuse until they reach a state of Equilibrium

13. What molecule is moving across a membrane during the process of OSMOSIS? Water

14. Draw a picture of a red blood cell in the three osmotic solutions: Isotonic

Hypertonic

Hypotonic

15.

Complete the t-chart on the three osmotic conditions. Isotonic Solution **Equal amount of solute in and

out of cell.** How does the water move? water moves in and out of cell in equal amounts What happens to the cell? The cell size does not change

Hypertonic Solution Where is the solute HIGH? Outside of the cell

Hypotonic Solution Where is the solute HIGH? Higher concentration of solute inside the cell

How does the water move? Water diffuses out of the cell through osmosis What happens to the cell? Cell shrinks/ shrivels in size

How does the water move? Water diffuses into cell through osmosis What happens to the cell? Cell expands and cann even burst

16. Facilitated diffusion is a type of ( passive / active ) transport. 17. Define facilitated diffusion. Diffusion of larger molecules which must be “helped” through the membrane by traveling through channel proteins and carrier proteins.

18. What is the major difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?

19. Summarize the process of endocytosis.

20. Summarize the process of exocytosis.

21. The ____________________________________ _____________________________________ plays a major role in the release of proteins and other materials through the process of exocytosis.

22. Compare and contrast passive transport and active transport by placing the following terms in the correct location on the venn diagram.

Uses the cell membrane Osmosis

Endocytosis Does not require energy

With the concentration gradient

Low � High

High � Low

Diffusion

Requires the use of energy Facilitated Diffusion

Maintain homeostasis within cell Against the concentration gradient Exocytosis

Transport of materials in and out of cell...