Course Packet PE 213 Physiology of Exercise and physical activity final 1 PDF

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THIS IS VERY HELPFUL FOR STUDENTS SPECIALLY THOSE WHO ARE TAKING UP BACHELOR OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION MAJOR IN SCHOOL PHYSICAL EDUCATION...

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PE 213 Physiology of Exercise and Physical Activity

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

COURSE STUDY GUIDE CONTENTS

Week No.

1

Module Topic

Introduction to Physiology of Exercise and Physical Activity

11

Structure and functions of Exercising Muscle

14

Fuel of Exercise

17

Neural Control of Exercising Muscle

21

Energy Expenditure and Fatigue

24

Hormonal Control During Exercise

30

Cardiovascular System and its control

2

31

Respiratory System and its regulation

31

Cardiorespiratory responses to Acute Exercise Principles of Exercise Training

3

Adaptations to Resistance Training

38 43

Prescription of Exercise for Health and Fitness Cardiovascular Disease and Physical Activity Obesity, Diabetes and Physical Activity

58

76

Synthesizing of Research Journal of the course

Editorial Office

Content Expert/s

52

66

Pilates and Physical Activity

Course Developer/s

32 37

Adaptations to Aerobic Training

4

Page

Gauden R. Cabatas, LPT

Cresencio L. Mejarito LPT, EdD

Language Editor/s

Ian V. Rojas, LPT, EdD

2

Carodina R. Ginolos, LPT, MAT Design/Media Specialist/s

Xandro R. Regudo, LPT, MAEd

DISCLAIMER NOTE This course packet is not intended to be presented as the original work of the course developer. It is meant to be a primary reference material for the course composed of the flexible learning syllabus, learning plans, course content, and assessment compiled from various sources. Accordingly, the sale and distribution of such outside the University of the Visayas is strictly prohibited.

3

Flexible Course Syllabus College of Education Bachelor of Elementary Education and Secondary Education University of the Visayas

Semester/Term: First

Course I. Course Information Course Number

This course introduces students to the scientific basis of exercise and/or athletic performance. Specifically, students will study the human body's physiological adaptation to external stressors such as work, exercise and environmental conditions. This information will be directly related to the basis of health and fitness conditioning for athletes, non-athletes and special populations, and to a greater understanding of athletic performance limitations.

PE 213

Course Description

Course Title

Prerequisite(s )

Credit Unit

PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY NONE

Course Learning Outcomes

1. Recognize the important role of exercise physiology in physical education and health status. 2. Identify the relationship of physical inactivity to specific illnesses and diseases. Students will apply this information to make appropriate, preventative exercise recommendations. 3. Explain metabolic energy pathways as they apply to varying intensities of exercise. 4. Recognize the cellular-to-organ biological responses of the cardiorespiratory and ventilatory systems during exercise. 5. Demonstrate knowledge of the neuromuscular response to exercise during various physical activities. 6. Determine limitations of the metabolic, neuromuscular, cardiorespiratory and ventilatory systems during exercise at varying intensities and with various environmental conditions. 7. Describe the concepts of energy, work, and power and the methods for measuring each concept. 8. Measure body composition and recognize healthy body composition values. 9. Describe the impact of body composition on health status and athletic performance. 10. Understand the hormone endocrine system and its role in exercise metabolism and fluid balance. 11. Recognize and experience the relationship of environmental conditions to athletic performance at altitude and below sea level in an underwater environment. 12. Demonstrate an understanding of the components of physical fitness as measured through practical inclass assignments

3 units

4

II. Instructor's Information Instructor Name

Gauden R. Cabatas, LPT,

Title

PE Instructor

[email protected]

Corporate Email

0949-102-3562

Phone

III. Course Syllabus Week No./ No. of Hrs.

1 13.5 hours 12 hours selfdirect ed learni ng 1.5 hours of assess ment tasks

2 13.5 hours 12 hours selfdirect ed learni ng

Intended Learning Outcomes

Module Topic

1) Introdu ction to Physiolo gy of Exercise and Physical Activity 2) Structur e and function s of Exercisi ng Muscle 3) Fuel of Exercise 4) Neural Control of Exercisi ng Muscle 5) Energy Expendi ture and Fatigue

6) Hormon al Control During Exercise 7) Cardiov ascular System and its control 8) Respirat ory

a.

Describe the general scope of the field of exercise and sport physiology b. Define key terminology within exercise physiology; and c. Understand the importance of physiology of exercise and physical activity

d.

Explain how cardiorespira tory system works during exercise e. Understand the essence of the effects of exercise in our cardiorespira tory system;

Learnin g Activitie s

Learning Materials and Resources

Individu al activity (Student -led discussio n)

Physiology of Sport and Exercise 5th Edition by W. Larry Kenney, Jack H. Wilmore, David L. Costill

Required

Internet Research

Video Presenta tion

Individu al activity (Student -led discussio n) Internet Research

5

Physiology of Sport and Exercise 5th Edition by W. Larry Kenney, Jack H. Wilmore, David L. Costill

Suggested

https://ww w.encyclope dia.com/spo rts/sportsfitnessrecreationand-leisuremagazines/p hysiologyexercise https://stud y.com/acad emy/lesson/ physiologica l-effects-ofphysicalactivity.html

https://ww w.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/pmc /articles/PM C6172294/

Mode of Delivery Course Packets: -printed -digital

Assessmen t Task/ Graded Output Research Report

Essay Exam Microsoft Teams

Course Packets: -printed -digital Microsoft Teams

Reflection Essay Exam

1.5 hours of assess ment tasks

3 13.5 hours 12 hours selfdirect ed learni ng

System and its regulati on 9) Cardior espirato ry respons es to Acute Exercise

13.5 hours 12 hours selfdirect ed learni ng 1.5 hours of assess ment tasks

and Describe the exercises which are good for the cardiorespira tory system

Video Presenta tion

10) Principl es of Exercise Training 11) Adaptati ons to Resista nce Training 12) Adaptati ons to Aerobic Training

g.

Define the function of exercise, resistance and aerobic training h. Know the importance of the effects of exercise, resistance and aerobic training in our body; and i. Apply some training exercises that best fit to one’s body type

Individu al activity (Student -led discussio n)

13) Prescrip tion of Exercise for Health and Fitness 14) Cardiov ascular Disease and Physical Activity 15) Obesity, Diabete s and Physical Activity 16) Pilates

j.

Individu al activity (Student -led discussio n)

1.5 hours of assess ment tasks

4

f.

Identify the function of exercise prescription for health and wellness k. Know the importance of the effects of prescription of exercise to some diseases such as cardiovascul ar disease, obesity and

Internet Research

Internet Research

6

Physiology of Sport and Exercise 5th Edition by W. Larry Kenney, Jack H. Wilmore, David L. Costill

https://coac h.nine.com. au/fitness/w eights-vscardio/b078 0bab-018148f6-9e0dd3f4177f31a 2

Physiology of Sport and Exercise 5th Edition by W. Larry Kenney, Jack H. Wilmore, David L. Costill

https://stud y.com/acad emy/lesson/ exerciseprescription -definitionprocessoverview.ht ml#lesson

Video Presentation

Course Packets: -printed -digital

Multiple Choice Test

Microsoft Teams

Analytical Exam Course Packets: -printed -digital Microsoft Teams

and Physical Activity 17) Synthes izing of Researc h Journal of the course

l.

diabetes Use exercise prescription according to diseases such as cardiovascul ar disease, obesity and diabetes

IV-A. Points for Graded Output Course Week 1

IV-B. Grade Equivalent Based on Points Earned

Module Topic Output

Points

100%

1.0

89%

1.9

78%

2.7

180 pts.

99% 98% 97% 96%

1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3

88% 87% 86% 85%

2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2

77% 76% 75% 74% BELOW

2.8 2.9 3.0 INC

95% 94% 93% 92% 91% 90%

1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8

84% 83% 82% 81% 80% 79%

2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7

2

Minor Task Minor Task

155 pts.

3

Minor Task

150 pts.

4

Major Task

145 pts.

Total

630 pts.

INC is given if the final grade is 2.5 or better but missing any two of the course requirements listed above. INC should be complied within 365 days immediately after the close of the Semester.

V. Approval Prepared by

GAUDEN R. CABATAS, LPT, Med Instructor

Reviewed by

CARODINA R. GINOLOS, LPT, MAT Program Chair

Approved by

AILEEN CATACUTAN, EdD Librarian

7

B. MSLS,

NERISSA S. LOPEZ, LPT, EdD Dean

Lesson ntroduction to Physiology o f Exercise and of Physical Activity

COURSE STUDY GUIDE

8

College of Education Program BSED-PE Course Code PE 213 University of the Visayas Lessons

Module Topic

Intended Learning Outcomes No. of Hours

Study Questions

Learning Resources Print

Course Title PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY Credit Unit 3

PRELIMINARY TOPICS 18) Introduction to Physiology of Exercise and Physical Activity 19) Structure and functions of Exercising Muscle 20) Fuel of Exercise 21) Neural Control of Exercising Muscle 22) Energy Expenditure and Fatigue m. Describe the general scope of the field of exercise and sport physiology n. Define key terminology within exercise physiology; and o. Understand the importance of physiology of exercise and physical activity 13.5 Hours (10 hours for the discussions, virtual meetings and written activities then 3.5 hours for the demonstrations and performances.) a. Explain the general principles that form the basis of exercise physiology. b. What were some of the significant events that occurred during the early years of exercise physiology? c. Why study physiology of exercise? d. What is the difference between physical activity and exercise? Required

Suggested

Physiology of Sport and Exercise 5th Edition by W. Larry Kenney, Jack H. Wilmore, David L. Costill

Digital

Learning Activity

Required Output

https://www.encyclopedia.com/sports/sportsfitness-recreation-and-leisuremagazines/physiology-exercise https://study.com/academy/lesson/physiologicaleffects-of-physical-activity.html a. In the given topics in the module, students are required to read and study the topics. b. lessons should begin with the importance of the given learning outcomes as a center of student’s progression. c. After every lesson, students are required to do a research report about the lesson of exercise physiology. Research Report Essay Type of Exam 9

Assessment Task

Research Report (deeper understanding of the lesson) Essay (Basis for transfer of learning) Performance tasks

Assessment Tool

Rubrics for: Research Report and Essay Exam

Target Competency

Researching information, creative and innovative thinking

Prepared by: Gauden R. Cabatas

Reviewed by: Dr. Cresencio L. Mejarito

Faculty Date:

Approved for Use: Nerissa S. Lopez, EdD

Program Coordinator

Dean Date:

Date:

Revision #002

10

Physiology of Exercise The physiology of exercise is a broad concept that addresses the central issue as to how the body adapts itself to the demands of physical activity. Physiology is the academic study of the various processes, systems, and functions of the human body as influenced by the performance of physical activity. Exercise is a term that has a variety of possible meanings, each dictated by circumstances. In a sports context, exercise is the performance, conditioning or training undertaken in respect to a particular athletic or sporting purpose. Exercise may also be directed to improvement of a person's general health, physical fitness, or as physical therapy, to augment an existing treatment to remedy or to ameliorate the effects of a disease or illness upon the body. The term exercise physiology is used to identify the corresponding course of academic study offered at universities around the world. The human body undergoes adaptations on a continuous basis. Sport tends to heighten the power of the body to adapt to training, competition, or other circumstances, as sport is often the most profound stress experienced by the body. As an example, when the body is subjected to a fever, where the subject's temperature becomes significantly elevated above its usual range centered at 98.6°F (37.7°C), the body's metabolism (the overall rate of activity in the body's processes) increases; the running of a marathon may increase metabolic rates to many time their normal level. Virtually every process and organ within the body is affected by exercise. As an example, the skin, the largest human organ, undergoes physical changes when exposed to the environmental factors encountered in sport, such as increases and decreases in external temperatures. The physiology of exercise is tends to center upon the most important physical systems to athletic performance: the cardiovascular system, the cardiorespiratory system, the thermoregulatory system, body composition and the musculoskeletal system. It is these aspects of human function that tend to have the greatest impact upon the ability of an athlete to maintain or improve their level of performance in any sport. 11

The cardiovascular system is the physical network composed of the heart and its connected arteries, veins, and capillaries. The cardiovascular system is the vehicle through which the oxygen and fuels required by the cells within the body are supplied; the cardiovascular system removes all waste products from the cells and organs for disposal. When the body is subjected to exercise, and its increased physical demands, the cardiovascular system is forced to work more quickly and more efficiently to fulfill bodily needs. A number of physiological changes occur over time to this system through exercise. The first and the most fundamental change to the cardiovascular system is with respect to the function of the heart. The cardiac muscle of the heart will grow stronger over time, as the heart becomes adapted to working harder during exercise. A stronger and more efficient heart reduces the resting pulse of the subject; as the heart strengthens, it does not have to beat as frequently as when at rest to achieve the same effect in the pumping of blood through the cardiovascular system. The greater flow of blood available to a person who regularly exercises tends to reduce the amount of lowdensity lipoproteins within the blood vessels that can form a harmful blockage known as plaque, a condition that tends to narrow the passage within each artery. Exercise does not make the arteries larger, but these vessels become more elastic through exercise permitting a greater and more beneficial blood flow through out the body. The second important physiological change experienced by the cardiovascular system due to exercise is the reduction of blood pressure. Blood pressure is defined as the force of blood being pushed against the walls of the arteries of the cardiovascular system. High blood pressure has two components; systolic pressure is that measured during a heartbeat, and diastolic pressure is that present between heartbeats. Blood pressure is measured as the relationship of systolic to diastolic levels. High blood pressure, expressed as a measurement greater than 140/90 mmHg (millimeters of mercury, a unit of atmospheric pressure), is a condition where the heart is forced to work harder than it was designed in order to direct blood through the entire system. High blood pressure raises the risk for heart attack and stroke. Subject to other genetic factors or environmental impacts such as smoking, exercise will tend to reduce blood pressure. Athletes almost always possess a blood pressure reading significantly lower than that normally found in the regular population. The most profound impact of exercise upon the cardiorespiratory also affects the function of the cardiovascular system. The maximum of oxygen that an athlete can consume during exercise is known expression VO2max. Particularly in the endurance sports, where the 12

system volume by the athlete

is fueling their body by way of the aerobic energy system, endurance training will increase the athlete's VO2. The ability of athletes to increase their maximum oxygen capacity is universal; female athletes will generally possess a VO2max ranging between 60% and 75% of that of a similarly conditioned male, due to the greater muscle mass present in a male athlete which must be serviced through the delivery of oxygen to the energy producing cell. Female athletes are as strong as a male counterpart when muscle strength is measured per unit, as per cubic inch of muscle (cm3). Exercise improves the ability of the cardiorespiratory system to take oxygen from air inhaled into the lungs, and then load and transport it more efficiently. Greater efficiency in the movement of blood through the cardiovascular system permits greater amounts of oxygen to be transferred from the respiratory system; lung size does not increase due to exercise by any appreciable degree. Thermoregulation is the ability of the body to maintain the optimal internal temperature levels for the function of all organs in different external environment conditions. Where the athlete is unaccustomed to warm weather exercise, the body will adapt through the process of acclimatization to the new conditions. Within a period of approximately 14 days, the positive physiological changes typically noted through heat acclimatization include expanded blood volume (corresponding greater blood capacity), reduced heart rate (making the heart more efficient), increased direction of blood to the skin surface and the capillaries (greater cooling effect on blood through directing the blood to the cooler skin surface), and an increased conservation of sodium to promote more effective hydration (to preserve the optimal proportion of sodium to water, a part of the body's osmoregulatory system). Body composition is the most visible of the physiological changes often observed...