Design Reseach Multi-Level Parking Facility PDF

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University of the East Caloocan College of Fine Arts, Architecture and Design S.Y. 2015-2016 AN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN RESEARCH STUDY ON MULTI-LEVEL COMMERCIAL PARKING BUILDING SSubmitted to Arch. Glenn S. Openiano in partial fulfillment for the requirements of : Preliminary Design Major Plate of Arch...

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University of the East Caloocan College of Fine Arts, Architecture and Design S.Y. 2015-2016

AN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN RESEARCH STUDY ON

MULTI-LEVEL COMMERCIAL PARKING BUILDING SSubmitted to Arch. Glenn S. Openiano in partial fulfillment for the requirements of :

Preliminary Design Major Plate of Architectural Design 5.

By: Alcantara, Zarah Arceo Chua, Christine Joy Echauz Hugo, Mickaela Nicole De Guzman Ignacio, John Christopher Rubin

Table Of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION

Page

1.1

Background

1

1.2

Statement of the Problem

1

1.3

Architectural Goals and Objectives

2

1.3.1

Goals

2

1.3.2

Objectives

2

Scope and Limitations

3

1.4

1.4.1

Scope

3

1.4.2

Limitations

3

1.5

Definition of Terms and Concepts

4

1.6

Significance of the Project

5

1.7

Assumptions

5

1.8

Review of Related Literature

1.9

Research Methodology

6- 20 21- 22

1.9.1

Methods and Tools

21

1.9.2

Respondents

22

2. SITE INVESTIGATION 2.1

Background

2.2

Site Selection Criteria

2.3

Site Selection and Justification

2.4

Site Analysis

2.4.1

Natural Factors

23 24- 25 25 26-37 26-28

2.4.2

Cultural Factors

29-36

2.4.3

Aesthetic Factors

36-37

2.5

Site Issues and Concern

2.5.1 2.6

SWOT Analysis

Summary and Recommendations

37 37 38

3. RESEARCH TOPIC 3.1

Introduction

39

3.2

Goals and Objectives

39

3.3

Scope and Limitations

39

3.3.1

Scope

39

3.3.2

Limitations

39

3.4

Significance of the Research

40

3.5

Methodology

40

3.6

Research Body

40- 51

3.6.1

Parking Solutions

40- 45

3.6.2

Building Materials

45- 48

3.6.3

Green Roofs

49- 51

3.7

Application

51

3.8

Summary and Recommendations

52

4. CASE STUDY 4.1

Introduction

52

4.2

Goals and Objectives

52

4.3

Scope and Limitations

52

4.3.1

Scope

52

4.3.2

Limitations

52

4.4

Methodology

53

4.5

Case Studies

53- 59

4.5.1

Herma Parking Building

53- 56

4.5.2

Multi-level Parking voestalpine

57- 59

4.6

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

60

4.6.1

Summary and Conclusion

60

4.6.2

Recommendations

60

5. DESIGN SOLUTION 5.1

Project Description

5.2

Design Concept

5.3

Design Philosophy

5.4

Design Criteria

5.5

Space Program and Lot Area

5.6

Architectural Program

61 61- 62 62 62- 63 64 65-67

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Architects are valuable professionals when it comes to building industry. Multi-level parking building located in CBD is our primary solution in one of the major problem in the Philippines which is the heavy traffic. It should be designed to meet the client’s expectations and high quality characteristics, attractiveness, based on project conditions and development plans. The recent trends in design today compared to traditional design structures have increasing preferences for the classical, blending well with modern elements. Our proposed multi-level parking building offers a different kind of function compared to the traditional one. Unlike from others car owners go to parking buildings to leave their cars to go to somewhere, but our proposed parking offers new amenities. We incorporated it with terminal, V.I.P. section, interconnecting bridge from the major road and park so people can stay and relax while waiting. The only permanent in this world is CHANGE. Innovations are needed to go together with the fast advancement of the world, creating new configuration with new designed technologies.

1.1 Background of the Study As the nation’s economy progressly cultivate in the past few years, the growth of the population is also developing from time to time. As more and more people got cars, the need for a place to park it was growing bigger and bigger. Being commissioned by the City Government to prepare and submit a study on “Car Park Buildings & Vehicle Facilities” and to provide a design for the said Multi-level Parking Building. Having no idea on how many levels would the design of the car park building be and how much land area would be required for such a project. The goal of this study is deal with the data that is needed to justify the design proposal in terms of total floor area and land area requirements.

1.2 Statement of the Problem The City Government of Caloocan has a proposal to construct a multi-level parking building to be located within the City’s Central Business Building (CBD). The project was conceptualized in response to the growing need to address traffic congestion in the locality particularly in the vicinity of CBD area which has been a perennial (recurring, perpetual, and constant) problem that local traffic managers has been trying to address. The project is also intended to generate additional income for the LGU.

1|Page

1.3 Architectural Goals and Objectives

1.3.1 Goals

 To design a Multi-level Parking Building that will accommodate the current number of users and taking into account the future growth of the expanding users of vehicles.

 To address the traffic congestion in the locality particularly in the vicinity of CBD area.

 To integrate a sustainable design towards the natural environment.  To be able to address the current and possible issues and concern that is present at the location of the project

 To be able to express a design approach that is unique, innovative and progressive that might lead to open people’s mind to newer things.

1.3.2 Objectives 

     

To form a design solution that will address address other apparent issues that causes traffic congestion such as (sidewalk vendors, large group of waiting passengers, inappropriate location of jeep terminals, climate etc.) To formulate an organized pattern and circulation of spaces that is need to be provided according to the data that is gathered through the research. To analyze the different factors that will affect the design proposal such as natural, cultural and aesthetis factors. To consider the possible economic growth and development within the vicinity of the CBD area. To gather the data of the number of vehicle that is passing through within the area and the increasing volume of it through out the year. To apply different sustainable strategies that will reduce negative impact on the environment, and the health and comfort of the occupants of space. To incorporate a space within the site for additional urban in-fill project

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1.4 Scope and Limitations

1.4.1 Scope “This research study was conducted in response to the data that is needed for the Proposed Multi-level Car Park Building in the CBD area of Caloocan. The aspects that will be looked into are the methods, strategies, vehicle facilities, concern, issues and proposed solution to the problems.”

1.4.2 Limitations 

Some member of the group that will conduct the research has a certain conflicting schedule of subject with another member, which may limit the number of times that the group may be required to gather as a whole.



There are present subjects that are being taken by some of the members that may also require an amount of work and time, and due to the possibility that the deadline of submission for those subject may arise within the span of time that the research can be conducted then it may partially limit the range of the research due to the divided working hours.



The conducting of some outdoor research methods such as site investigation, information gathering in public offices etc. the guaranteed participated of the members will depend on the authority and approval of the parents.



There is a great distance of the current address of each of the members which may limit the option of having an overnight stay at the other member’s house unless there is a certain agreement within the group.



A possible unexpected calamities or other issues such as typhoons,flood, sickness, etc. that may arised during the plan of an outdoor research or group meeting may affect the participation of some members and the limit of time that can be contributed to the research.



Since this is the first time that the group has encounter this kind of research format and initiation, it would be understandable that the group will take this as a fresh experience in conducting a wide research study, and the group would be open for correction, advice and future development. 3|Page

1.5 Definition of Terms and Concepts

Arrays- a large and impressive grouping or organization of things Benevolent- desiring to help others; charitable Coherent- having a natural or due agreement of parts; harmonious. Density- the state or quality of being dense; compactness; closely set or crowded condition. Disparate- distinct in kind; essentially different; dissimilar Epoxide- an organic chemical that contains a group consisting of an oxygen atom bound to two already connected atoms, usually carbon (epoxy group). Epoxy- having the structure of an epoxide. Fiasco- a complete and ignominious failure. Innovate- to introduce something new; make changes in anything established. Lair- a secluded or hidden place, especially a secret retreat or base of operations; a hideout or hideaway Linkage- the act of linking; state or manner of being linked. Manipulative- of or relating to manipulation of objects or parts of the body; serving to manipulate. Premises- a tract of land including its buildings. Prototypical- someone or something that serves to illustrate the typical qualities of a class; model; exemplar. Refract- to subject to refraction. Trend- the general course or prevailing tendency; drift. Utilitarian- having regard to utility or usefulness rather than beauty, ornamentation, etc. Vicious- characterized or marred by faults or defects; faulty; unsound

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1.6 Significance of the Project The Proposed Project is the key to the big development of Caloocan City specifically along Rizal Avenue and EDSA , where in the structure is said to be built. The key to avoid traffic and it can also be serve as panacea to the passengers being stranded during pick hour, for the reason of lack of proper traffic rules and regulations. Illegal parking and lost of right drop off area are also cause of traffic. This Project is not just the answer , but also will change the bad image of society to the said place. To maintain good economic system for the following generation.

1.7 Assumptions 

It would be easy for the passengers to catch jeepney or bus



Cleanliness of the place will easily maintain because passengers will be provided a waiting area.



There will be a continious flow of vehicles



Accident will extremely avoided specially to the student passengers waiting beside the major road



The parking space will greatly assure the security of the vehicles and also for the safety of passengers.



The development will make an impact to the socio-economical development within the CBD area.



That the Multi-level Car Park Building would respond to the ongoing need of spaces for vehicles in a large span of time.



That the design would promote the advancing development and culture.



Not just the vehicle traffic congestion would be minimized, but also the pedestrian traffic congestion.



The Multi-level Parking Building would address effectively the condition of its natural environment and responding to it through adaptive and sustainable strategies that is implemented.

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1.8 Review of Related Literature MULTI-LEVEL PARKING

MECHANICAL

TYPES OF PARKING

ELEVATOR/ AUTOMATED PARKING

CLEARWAY

SYSTEM

RAMPS

ADJACENT

SYSTEM CONVENTIONAL PARKING / SELF

TYPES STRAIGHT

PARKING

CURVE LAYOUT 30

FLOOR SYSTEM

45 PARALLEL

60

SPLIT SLOPING

PERPENDICULAR

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RAMP SYSTEM 1) Clearway parking • Interfloor travel path completely separated from potentially conflicting parking unparking movements • Provide safest movement with least delay • Preferred for self park design • Feasible for small garage sites

2) Adjacent parking •Part or all of ramp travel is performed on access aisles • Requires less area per parking stall • Twofold use of travel paths • Feasible for smaller land parcel • More susceptible to traffic movement delays • Has potential in causing accident

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RAMP DESIGN

1) Opposed ramp design •Vehicles rotate in the same direction •Up and down ramps in opposite direction •Required ramp surfaces to be opposed •The operation is safer

2) Parallel •Up and down ramp slope in the same direction •Ramp surfaces are parallel •Vehicles must rotate in opposite direction •Cheaper to construct

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PARKING LAYOUT

PARALLEL •parallel parking requires experience, confidence, and patience •Parking spaces (min );

•Works well in extremely narrow, linear spaces •Requires minimum pavement area

Disadvantages

7.5 meters long •Difficult maneuvering for most drivers 2.75 meters wide. •Less than ideal visibility of adjacent traffic

Advantages

•Inefficient use of on-street space

ANGLE 90 •effective in low turnover rate or long term parking areas, the perpendicular, or 90 degree parking configuration is the most efficient and economical since it accommodates the most vehicles per linear meter. •Standard dimensions for this configuration are Description Dimension

Parking space width2.75 meters

Parking space length6 meters

Two rows plus aisle width 19 meters V

Driving aisle width (2-way) 7 meters

vehicles per 100 linear meter double row 82 9|Page

ANGLE 60 -ideal for a fast turnover rate or predominantly short term use -often offset by difficulties of inefficient circulation patterns and one-way aisles •Standard dimensions for this configuration are: Description Dimension

Parking space width 2.75 meters Parking space length6 meters Driving aisle width (1-way)5.5 meters Two rows plus aisle width 16.5 meters Vehicles per 100 linear meter double row 65.660

ANGLE 45 The 45 degree angled parking configuration displays similar benefits and limitations as the 60 degree.

Parking space length 6 meters

Standard dimensions for this configuration are:

Two rows plus aisle width14 meters

Description Dimension

Vehicles per 100 linear meter double row 52.545

Driving aisle width (1-way) 4.5 meters

Parking space width 2.75meters

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TYPES OF RAMP

Straight Ramp •Usually rectangular shaped with ramp well along the structure’s longer side dimension

•Cause difficulties to get on and off straight ramp (Sharp turn)

•more horizontal distance is required to satisfy ramp grade criteria than accommodate vehicular movement between ramp ends

•Having two ways circulation lanes on parking floor may be hazardous

•Requires less floor area and simple to construct

•Up and down circulation lanes intersect on the parking floor unless the floor area is so large that each circulation can be kept within its own half on one-way lanes

Curve Ramp •Single surfaces that permits vehicles to travel on a continuous helical path between parking levels

•Directly above each other on succeeding floor

•Movement;

•Continuous-360º of rotation between two parking levels

Up-counterclockwise Down-counterclockwise Entrance and exit in the side

•Should be clearway type

•Offer better traffic operation by providing gradual turning as compared to sharp turning movement usually required at ends of straight ramp

•Opposite side of ramp oil 11 | P a g e

FLOOR SYSTEM

1) SPLIT-LEVEL OR STAGGERED FLOOR SYSTEMS •Floor levels in one section is staggered vertically by one half story from those in adjacent sections •Applicable to small, high-cost sites where maximum use of space must be achieved

Two-way staggered-floor ramp system

This staggered-floor system provides parking on level floors and desirable one-way traffic flowCOMMON TYPE

Tandem staggered-floor ramp system

Three-level staggered-floor ramp system

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2) SLOPING-FLOOR SYSTEMS •Consist of sloping levels (full width ramp/continuous ramp) •Contains two adjacent parking modules tilted in opposite directions •Well-suited to self-park operations

Sloping –floor system with crossover ramp of mid point

Double sloping-floor system with midpoint crossover

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STANDARD AND REGULATION Ramp break over angle •Transitional blend top and bottom of ramps composed of two or more break point can multiply the steepness with workable break angles beyond the normal capacities of cars or driver Angle of departure •Min 10º •To reduce incident of tailpipe and rear bumping dragging Angle of approaches •Min 15 º Ramp slopes •Max 15% •For slopes over 10%, transition at least 8 feet long should be provided at each end of the ramp at one half the slope of the ramp itself Ramp grades transition •Min 12 foot long = 1/2 of ramp grade Ramp width One way straight ramp-min 12 feet Two way straight ramp-min 22 feet Circular ramp-min 14-18 feet Ramp radius •Single lane helical ramp-min 32 -37 feet •Must kept min to conserve space and reduce travel distance •Very sharp can cause dizzy Ramp turn super elevation •½ inch/foot of ramp width at sharpest turning

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Vehicle Control Fee collection

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