Different Types of Curriculum PDF

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Course Title : The Teacher and the School Curriculum Course Code : Prof. Ed. 8 ============================================================= ======================= Different Types of Curriculum Several curriculum scholars (Glatthorn, Boschee, and Whitehead, 2006; Print, 1993; Tanner and Tanner, 2007) cited nine types of curriculum in their books depending on how curriculum is used in various institutions. 1. Ideal or Recommended Curriculum. This refers to what scholars propose as the most appropriate curriculum for the learners. For example, different professional organizations or various programs of study in different universities may propose curriculum innovations or alternative curriculum content as a result of their researches. It may also develop as an alternative response to various Curricular problems and issues. Glatthorn, Boschee, and Whitehead (2006 noted several influences that seem to play the key roles in shaping the recommended curriculum. These influences are the professional associations, individuals, and societal trends. Curriculum standards recommended by professional organizations are examples or ideal or recommended curriculum. Many of these various curriculum standards are recommended by professional organizations as alternative to the current contents of the curriculum. Standards are products of their latest researches on the nature of the different disciplines and the developments in various academic fields. 2. Intended Official, or Written Curriculum. This refers to the official curriculum embodied in approved state curriculum guides (Glatthorn, Boschee, and Whitehead, 2006). It is the curriculum prescribed by the government. In the Philippine context, these are the prescribed courses from different government agencies: the Department of Education (DepEd), the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). Examples of these types of curriculum are: a. The Kindergarten Curriculum Standards b. The K-12 Curriculum c. CHED Curriculum for General Education (Memorandum Order No. 20 Series of 2013) d. TESDA Modules and Competencies 3. Implemented Curriculum. This type of curriculum refers to the actual implementation of the curriculum or what teachers in the school teach. In many cases, teachers modify and improve their curriculum based on the needs of the students or whenever there are new ideas in various disciplines that are important to teach to the students. Academic freedom among faculty members in college may also influence how professors plan and implement their courses. 4. Achieved Curriculum or Learned Curriculum. This refers to the result of the curriculum or what students actually learned in school (Print, 1993). The achieved curriculum reveals whether the students learned and whether the schools are successful in attaining their curriculum goals and objectives. 5. Tested Curriculum. This is a set of learning that is assessed in teacher-made classroom tests, curriculum-referenced tests, and in standardized tests. (Glatthorn, Boschee, and Whitehead, 2006) 6. Entitlement Curriculum. It refers to what the people or the general society believed the learners should expect to learn in the educational system for them to become good members of the society. 7. Supported Curriculum. This refers to the curriculum that is reflected on and shaped by the resources allocated to support or deliver the official curriculum. (Glatthorn, Boschee, and Whitehead, 2006) 8. Null or Censored Curriculum. This refers to various curriculum contents or topics that must not be taught to the students. (Tanner & Tanner, 2007) 9. Hidden Curriculum. This refers to various skills, knowledge, and attitudes that students learn in school as a result of their interaction with other students, staff, and faculty members. Although the hidden curriculums not actually taught in formal classroom learning, it is also true that the hidden curriculum can be a product of the students' schooling. The hidden curriculum is very powerful in developing the school culture (Print, 1993). Formal, non-formal or informal education does not exist without a curriculum. Classrooms will be empty with no curriculum. Teachers will have nothing to do, if there is no curriculum. Curriculum is at the heart of the teaching profession. Every teacher is guided by some sort of curriculum in the classroom and in schools. In our current Philippine educational system, different schools are established in different educational levels which have corresponding recommended curricula. The educational levels are: 1. Basic Education. This level includes Kindergarten, Grade 1 to Grade 6 for elementary; and for secondary, Grade 7 to Grade 10, for the Junior High School and Grade 11 and 12 and for the Senior High School. Each of the levels has its specific recommended curriculum. The new basic education levels are provided in the K to 12 Enhanced Curriculum of 2013 of the Department of Education....