Diseases of the Circulatory System PDF

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Summary

Diseases of the circulatory system (signs, symptoms, treatments)...

Description

Disease

Description

Sign/Symptom

Aneurysm

Ballooning out of, or saclike formation on the wall of a blood vessel

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Pain and pressure

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Control of blood pressure surgery

Aplastic Anemia

Results from injury to or destruction of the bone marrow, leading to poor or no formation of red blood cells

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Headache Dizziness Bruising

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Eliminated the cause Blood transfusions Bone marrow transplant

Arteriosclerosis

Hardening or thickening of the arterial walls, resulting in a loss of elasticity and contractility

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hypertension

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Lowering blood pressure through the use of diet, medications, or both

Atherosclerosis

Fatty plaques are deposited on the walls of the arteries

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Heart attack Stroke gangrene

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Low- cholesterol diet Medications angioplasty

Congestive Heart Failure

Condition that occurs when the heart muscles do not beat adequately to supply the blood needs of the body

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Edema Dyspnea Pallor or cyanosis Distention of the neck veins Weak, rapid pulse

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Cardiotonic drugs Diuretics Elastic support hose Oxygen therapy

Blood clots

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Blood thinners (anticoagulants) Clot dissolvers (thrombolytics)

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Embolus

Hemophilia

Foreign substance circulating in the bloodstream

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Inherited disease that occurs almost exclusively in male individuals but can be carried by female individuals. Lack of plasma protein required for the clotting process, the blood is unable to

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Treatment

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Minor cut can lead to prolonged bleeding Minor bump can cause internal bleeding

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Regular infusions of the deficient clotting factor Desmopressin

clot. Hypertension

High blood pressure

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Headache Fatigue Irregular heartbeat

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Antihypertensive drugs Diuretics Limited stress

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Results when there is an inadequate amount of iron to form hemoglobin in erythrocytes

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Extreme fatigue Weakness Pale skin Chest pain

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Iron supplements Increased iron intake

Cancer of the bone marrow or lymph tissue

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Fever Frequent infections Pallor Swelling of lymphoid tissues Persistent fatigue Anemia Bleeding gums Excessive bruising Joint pain

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Chemotherapy Radiation Stem cell or bone marrow transplants

Death Pressure in the chest Sweat Cold clammy skin

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CPR TPA Coronary angioplasty

Nausea Loss of appetite Vitamin B12 deficiency

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Vitamin b injections

Leukemia

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Myocardial Infarction

Heart attack, occurs when a blockage in the coronary arteries cuts off the supply of blood to the heart

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Results in the formation of erythrocytes that are abnormally large in size, but inadequate in number

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Phlebitis

Inflammation of a vein, frequently in the leg

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Pain Swelling Red, itchy skin

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Anticoagulants Clot dissolvers Pain meds Antiembolism Support hose

Sickle Cell Anemia

Chronic inherited anemia; results in

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Anemia Swelling

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Transfusions of packed cells Supportive therapy during

Pernicious Anemia

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Varicose Veins

the production of abnormal crescent-shaped erythrocytes that carry less Oxygen , break easily, and block blood vessels

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Gnarled, dilated veins that have lost elasticity and cause stasis, or decreased blood flow

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Frequent infections Delayed growth

Cramps in lower legs Heavy feeling in legs

crisis

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Exercise Antiembolism Support hose Avoidance of prolonged sitting/standing...