DISS Quartr 1 Module 7 finalllll PDF

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Disciplines and Ideasin Social SciencesQuarter 1 – Module 7:Dominant Approaches and Ideas ofSocial Sciences – Psychoanalysisand Rational ChoiceSenior High SchoolDisciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 7: Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social...

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Senior High School

Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences Quarter 1 – Module 7: Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences – Psychoanalysis and Rational Choic

Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1 – Module 7: Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences – Psychoanalysis and Rational Choice First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Nicolas T. Capulong PhD, CESO V Ronilo AJ K. Firmo PhD, CESO V Librada M. Rubio PhD Development Team of the Module Writer: Editor: Reviewers:

Illustrators:

Layout Artists:

Management Team:

Carrie A. Flores Kristle M. Estillore Angelica M. Burayag PhD Nelie D. Sacman PhD Christian C. Linsangan Darwin C. Alonzo Cristoni A. Macaraeg Ryan Pastor Jonathan Paranada Cristoni A. Macaraeg Ryan Pastor Jonathan Paranada Nicolas T. Capulong PhD, CESO V Librada M. Rubio PhD Angelica M. Burayag PhD Ma. Editha R. Caparas PhD Nestor P. Nuesca EdD Ramil G. Ilustre PhD Larry B. Espiritu PhD Rodolfo A. Dizon PhD Nelie D. Sacman PhD

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Senior High School

Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences Quarter 1 – Module 7: Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences – Psychoanalysis and Rational Choice

Introductory Message For the learners: This module will let you understand the different parts of the brain, its purposes, and functions. It will help you to identify ways to improve brain functions which will be manifested in thoughts, behavior, and feelings. This module is designed to provide you fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. For the facilitator: Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in Social Sciences / Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences – Psychoanalysis and Rational Choice! This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling. This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: What I Need to Know

This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to learn in the module. ii

What I Know

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module.

What’s In

This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More

This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned

This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do

This section provides an activity which will help you transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

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At the end of this module you will also find:

References

This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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What I Need to Know This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the definition of anthropology, sociology and political science. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using. The module is divided into two lessons, namely: • •

Lesson 1 – Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences – Psychoanalysis Lesson 2 – Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences – Rational Choice

After going through this module, you are expected to: 1. Analyze the basic concepts and principles of the major Social Science ideas; and 2. Interpret personal and social experiences using relevant approaches in the Social Sciences.

Notes to the Teacher This Alternative Delivery Mode has been developed to help you facilitate the learners in understanding the key concepts and approaches in the Social Sciences.

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What I Know Matching Type Directions: Match Column A to Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer in the blank before each number. COLUMN A

COLUMN B

_______ 1. Psychoanalytic Theory

a. This refers to the framework for understanding the impact of the unconscious on thoughts, feelings, and behavior.

_______ 2. Id _______ 3. Preconscious _______ 4. Ego

b. The material that we have no immediate access to, and we cannot bring into consciousness. It includes repressed feelings, hidden memories, habits, thoughts, desires, and reactions.

_______ 5. Conscious _______ 6. Superego _______ 7. Sigmund Freud _______ 8. Unconscious

c. It contains those thoughts of which you are currently aware.

_______ 9. Structure _______ 10. Individualism

d. It is concerned only with satisfying personal desires

_______ 11. Optimality _______ 12. Self-regarding Interest

e. Individuals choose their actions optimally, given their individual preferences as well as the opportunities or constraints with which the individuals face.

_______ 13. Rationality _______ 14. Predictive _______ 15. Parsimony

f.

It is the most predominant assumption of the rational choice theory.

g. It is the ability of individuals to ultimately take actions. h. This assumption states that the actions of an individual is concerned entirely with his/her own welfare. i. Bids the psychic apparatus to pursue idealistic goals and perfection.

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j. These structures and norms that dictate a single course of action are merely special cases of rational choice theory. k. The center of reason, reality-testing, and common sense. l. It stores all the thoughts of which you could bring into consciousness fairly easily if you wanted to; thoughts that can be easily recalled without special techniques. m. Father of Psychoanalysis n. The common knowledge of rationality assumption. o. Used to produce a wide variety of decisive theories, whose predictions about the measurable real world phenomena rule out a much larger set of outcomes that what is already general

What’s In

Directions: Below words are jumbled about the previous lesson. Find out what the word is and write it on a separate sheet of paper. 1. PUCTREUSRUST -

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2. IYBOMCLS MIRASONITCEITN -

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3. SMAMIXR -

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4. LRRUTCSUAT FNSILOMATCIU -

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5. GOSIIBOERUE -

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What’s New Direction: Look at the pictures and describe what you see on them by determining the significant ideas that they convey. Do it on a separate sheet of paper.

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Rational Choice

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Lesson

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Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences – Psychoanalysis

What is It Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis is defined as a set of psychological theories and therapeutic techniques that have their origin in the work and theories of Sigmund Freud. The core idea at the center of psychoanalysis is the belief that all people possess unconscious thoughts, feelings, desires, and memories (Cherry 2020). Sigmund Freud (Source: (WGBH 1998) -

Father of Psychoanalysis Jewish background, though avowed atheist. He had a medical background wanted to do “neurophysiologic research”. He had a private practice in nervous and brain disorders.

Table 1.1: Levels of Mental Life

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Levels of Mental Life

Description

1. Unconscious

The material that we have no immediate access to, and we cannot bring into consciousness. It includes repressed feelings, hidden memories, habits, thoughts, desires, and reactions.

2. Preconscious

It stores all the thoughts of which you could bring into consciousness fairly easily if you wanted to; thoughts that can be easily recalled without special techniques.

3. Conscious

It contains those thoughts of which you are currently aware (e.g. logic and reasoning).

Table 1.2: Provinces of the Mind Provinces of the Mind

Description

• It is the oldest and most primitive psychic energy; • Representing the biological foundations of personality; 1. Id

• Is concerned only with satisfying personal desires; and

• The actions taken by the id are based on the Pleasure Principle (motivate the organism to seek pleasure).

• The “executive”; • The primary job of the ego is to mediate/ balance 2. Ego

the demands of the Id and the outer forces of reality;

• The center of reason, reality-testing, and common sense; and

• Governed by the Reality Principle • The “ideal”; • Consequence of the oedipal drama (sexual desire

3. Superego

[child] toward the parent of the opposite sex – jealous feelings [child] toward the parent of the same sex);

• The moral arm of the personality, it corresponds to one’s conscience; and

• Bids the psychic apparatus to pursue idealistic goals and perfection.

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Lesson

2

Dominant Approaches and Ideas of Social Sciences – Rational Choice

Rational Choice Theory It is the view that people behave as they do because they believe that performing their chosen actions has more benefits than costs. That is, people make rational choices based on their goals, and those choices govern their behavior. (Berroya 2017) • •

Cost - an amount that has to be paid or spent to buy or obtain something. Benefit - an advantage or profit gained from something.

Table 2.1: Assumptions of Rational Choice Theory - Source: (Pasion 2018) Assumptions of Rational Choice Theory

Description

1. Individualism

It is the ability of individuals to ultimately take actions. (independent, self-reliant)

2. Optimality

Individuals choose their actions optimally, given their individual preferences as well as the opportunities or constraints with which the individuals face. (best or most effective)

3. Structures

These structures and norms that dictate a single course of action are merely special cases of rational choice theory.

4. Self-Regarding Interest

This assumption states that the actions of an individual is concerned entirely with his/her own welfare.

5. Rationality

It is the most predominant assumption of the rational choice theory.

Table 2.2: Strengths of Rational Choice Theory - Source: (Pasion 2018) Assumptions of Rational Choice Theory

Description

1. Generality

This means that one set of assumptions relating to each type of actor in a given circumstance is compatible w/ any set of assumptions about the environmental setting in which the actor is present.

2. Parsimony

(cheapness) The common knowledge of rationality assumption. 7

Used to produce a wide variety of decisive theories, whose predictions about the measurable real world phenomena rule out a much larger set of outcomes that what is already general.

3. Predictive

What’s More Word Hunt A. Directions: Locate the given words in the grid, running in one of different possible directions horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.

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What I Have Learned Fill in the Blanks Directions: Read each statement or question below carefully and fill in the blank(s) with the correct answer. 1. The primary job of the ego is to mediate/ balance the demands of the ___________ and the outer forces of reality. 2. _________________ is the most predominant assumption of the rational choice theory. 3. It is the view that people behave as they do because they believe that performing their chosen actions has more _________________ than 4. _________________. 5. The material that we have no immediate access to, and we cannot bring into _________________.

What I Can Do Poster Making Based on what you have learned in this module, choose between Psychoanalysis and Rational Choice which you remember the most and make an illustrative interpretation of how significant it is for a student like you. Do it on a separate sheet.

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Assessment Identification Directions: Choose the word of the correct answer. Write the answer on a separate sheet. Predictive

Psychoanalytic Theory

Superego

Unconscious

Id

Conscious

Individualism

Sigmund Freud

Parsimony

Structure

Rationality

Preconscious

Ego

Selfregarding Interest

Optimality

1.

This refers to the framework for understanding the impact of the unconscious on thoughts, feelings, and...