English I (3.05) - Assignment PDF

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Purposeful Structure in King's Letter Part from “Letter from Birmingha m Jail”

What is the main idea of this part?

What is the tone of this paragra ph?

What does King hope to accomplish with this part?

How is it connected to the ideas before or after it?

Heading

The heading shows that King is in jail.

He hopes to show the injustice of the Not applicab situation. le

Not applicable

Greeting

King addresses “fellow clergymen.”

Kind

He shows that he is also a clergyman and that he considers himself a part of the group he is addressing.

The whole letter is written to these clergymen who criticized King for taking action.

Paragraph 1

King wishes to address the criticism that he had been receiving from his fellow clergymen.

Patient

King hopes to answer to the criticism that was given by his fellow clergymen, in patient and reasonable terms.

This paragraph tells us that King is addressing the criticism which he is receiving and wants to clear the misunderstanding.

Paragraph 2

The steps that King and others have taken to try to end discrimination and the reason for choosing Birmingham as the site for their protest

Factual

King hopes for his fellow clergymen to understand why he protested as well as why they chose Birmingham for the protest.

The paragraph tells us that King and his followers had been unjustly arrested, but he still acts in a peaceful manner whilst writing the letter.

Paragraph 3

King had his endurance all soaked up, and he had Passiona He shows how foolish it is for the acted upon injustice, and explained his unavoidable te clergymen to say “wait” for change. He

King tells us how foolish it was for the clergymen to have said “wait”, and the

Part from “Letter from Birmingha m Jail”

What is the main idea of this part?

What is the tone of this paragra ph?

impatience.

What does King hope to accomplish with this part?

How is it connected to the ideas before or after it?

shows that change must happen soon.

lack of judgement. They wanted racial inequality to end.

Paragraph 4

King explains his reasons as to how he was put under arrest by breaking the law by parading without a permit.

Factual

King hopes that they understand that being put under arrest unjustly is isolating people’s rights, which is wrong.

King tells us his situation that he is in jail unjustly and that not everyone is treated equally.

Paragraph 5

King explains that if an individual breaks an unjust law which does not allow the person to exercise promised rights, is in fact respectful of law and justice.

Factual

King hopes that they realize that if unjust laws are broken by an individual, they are respectful of law and justice, not unjust laws which deny you your rights which were originally promised.

King tries to explain that if you break unjust laws, you are respecting the actual law and justice since the unjust laws are taking away your promised rights.

Paragraph 6

Passion King explains that even though certain laws are “legal”, there are still possibilities of such law to be ate unjust, and/or not good for the people.

King hopes to explain that even though certain laws are legal, there are still chances that that same law is unjust and can cause harm and damage the people. He then gives examples (such as Hitler).

King tells us that legal laws can still be unjust, just like Hitler when he killed millions of Jews. He wants the church to understand this.

Paragraph 7

By fighting racial injustice, we are not causing problems, rather we are revealing the problem.

Factual

He wants to remind the pastors that he and King tells us that they are other activists are not causing problems by revealing the problem, and protesting; instead, they are revealing the changing the laws so that they are just, and that problems in society. there is no racial inequality.

Part from “Letter from Birmingha m Jail”

What is the main idea of this part?

What is the tone of this paragra ph?

What does King hope to accomplish with this part?

How is it connected to the ideas before or after it?

Paragraph 8

King explains that the time to best act is NOW, and that they have to stop the racial injustice that they’ve been facing all this time.

King hopes to persuade that the best time to act is now, and that they have to end racial injustice and let the truth be revealed and the injustice be exposed.

King tells us that the best time to act is now.

Paragraph 9

King points out that the churches who are usually supposed to fight for justice, were instead silent about the racial inequality.

Dire

King hopes that the churches realize that they are the ones to fight for justice, but instead they were silent about racial inequality, and that they should rise up against this injustice.

King says that the churches before used to stand up to racial inequality, but now they are silent. He wants them to realize the injustice they were feeling, and to aid them.

Paragraph 10

The Church used to speak up and cause society to change, but now it accepts injustice and does not fight for others.

Urgent

King hopes to convince the church that before they used to speak up and defend justice, but instead it now does not defend justice, and lets injustice prevail. King wants the church to realize the injustice and wants the church to help against the racial inequality.

The paragraph before it is also about the inaction of the current church.

Paragraph 11

King’s letter at this part reflects over the injustice Reflectiv King explains why his speech is so long of King’s circumstances. e and explains his circumstances as well as all the injustice they are facing.

It is a new thought reflecting on the length of the letter and signaling the close of the text.

Paragraph 12

King’s letter closes, with his best expectations and desires for the future.

King is hopeful that the church understands the situation that they are facing, the injustice which

Passion ate

Optimis tic

King hopes that the church understands King’s letter and that they act upon it and rise up and go against injustice as they did once before.

Part from “Letter from Birmingha m Jail”

What is the main idea of this part?

What is the tone of this paragra ph?

What does King hope to accomplish with this part?

How is it connected to the ideas before or after it? they are facing, and that they rise up and aid them to stop racial inequality.

Closing

He hopes that the pastors will join his cause and change society.

Factual

King hopes that the pastors join him and end racial inequality. He then ends his letter.

This is the end of the letter, and King hopes that the pastor aids them in helping them stop racial inequality and the injustice being done to them.

Analysis Questions 1.

Complete the following sentence. The purpose of King’s letter is to cause the people and the church to fight for justice.

2.

What is the relationship between the underlined sentence and the bolded sentences? In any nonviolent campaign there are four basic steps: (1) Collection of the facts to determine whether injustices are alive; (2) Negotiation; (3) Self-purification; and (4) Direct action. We have gone through all of these steps in Birmingham. There can be no gainsaying of the fact that racial injustice engulfs this community. Birmingham is probably the most thoroughly segregated city

in the United States. Its ugly record of police brutality is known in every section of this country. Its unjust treatment of Negroes in the courts is a notorious reality. There have been more unsolved bombings of Negro homes and churches in Birmingham than any city in this nation. These are the hard, brutal, and unbelievable facts. On the basis of these conditions Negro leaders sought to negotiate with the city fathers. But the political leaders consistently refused to engage in good faith negotiation. Response: This paragraph tells us that racial injustice is in abundance in this community, and that it is the most segregated city known in every section of the country. 3.

What is the purpose of the sentence "These are the hard, brutal, and unbelievable facts" in the following paragraph? In any nonviolent campaign there are four basic steps: (1) Collection of the facts to determine whether injustices are alive; (2) Negotiation; (3) Self-purification; and (4) Direct action. We have gone through all of these steps in Birmingham. There can be no gainsaying of the fact that racial injustice engulfs this community. Birmingham is probably the most thoroughly segregated city in the United States. Its ugly record of police brutality is known in every section of this country. Its unjust treatment of Negroes in the courts is a notorious reality. There have been more unsolved bombings of Negro homes and churches in Birmingham than any city in this nation. These are the hard, brutal, and unbelievable facts. On the basis of these conditions Negro leaders sought to negotiate with the city fathers. But the political leaders consistently refused to engage in good faith negotiation. Response: The purpose of that sentence was to show that King was not exaggerating, he was telling them the harsh reality and cold truth of what was going on. He wanted them to know of these facts that sounded unbelievable.

For questions 4-6, reread the following paragraphs from King's letter, paying attention to the way that he structures his ideas. Paragraph 9 of 12 I have travelled the length and breadth of Alabama, Mississippi and all the other southern states. On sweltering summer days and crisp autumn mornings I have looked at her beautiful churches with their spires pointing heavenward. I have beheld the impressive outlay of her massive religious education buildings. Over and over again I have found myself asking: "Who worships here? Who is their God? Where were their voices when the lips of Governor Barnett dripped with words of interposition and nullification? Where were their voices of support when tired, bruised, and weary Negro men and women decided to rise from the dark dungeons of complacency to the bright hills of creative protest?" Paragraph 10 of 12

There was a time when the Church was very powerful ... In those days the Church was not merely a thermometer that recorded the ideas and principles of popular opinion; it was a thermostat that transformed the mores of society. Wherever the early Christians entered a town the power structure got disturbed and immediately sought to convict them for being "disturbers of the peace" and "outside agitators." Things are different now. The contemporary Church is so often a weak, ineffectual voice with an uncertain sound. It is so often the arch-supporter of the status quo. Far from being disturbed by the presence of the Church, the power structure of the average community is consoled by the Church's silent and often vocal sanction (approved action) of things as they are. 4.

In a complete sentence, state the main idea of each paragraph (paragraphs 9 and 10). The main idea of this paragraph is that King, who travelled to many places had seen the Churches, and questioned why they did not aid in ending the injustice that they were facing, and why did they not help end racial inequality.

5.

In a complete sentence, state the purpose of each paragraph (paragraphs 9 and 10). This paragraph’s purpose is that before, the Churches were strong. They were beautiful, with their massive religious education buildings, but now they are weak, and not acting when there is injustice occurring.

6.

What is the effect of making these points in the order King has chosen? Respond in two to four sentences. King made these points for the church to understand the current situation that the colored people were facing. He wanted them to see the injustice being clearly evident. He wanted the church to aid him and help them end racial segregation....