EPTL & Dom Rel for Transfers to Children PDF

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EPTL & Dom. Rel. Law II. Intestacy; B. Transfers to Children 117 - Effect of Adoption. | Title 4 - (117) EFFECT OF ADOPTION FROM AN AUTHORIZED AGENCY, OF PRIVATE-PLACEMENT ADOPTION, AND ABROGATIONS THEREOF | Article 7 - ADOPTION | DOM - Domestic Relations | 2015 New York Laws 117. Effect of adoption. 1. (a) After the making of an order of adoption the birth parents of the adoptive child shall be relieved of all parental duties toward and of all responsibilities for and shall have no rights over such adoptive child or to his property by descent or succession, except as hereinafter stated. (b) The rights of an adoptive child to inheritance and succession from and through his birth parents shall terminate upon the making of the order of adoption except as hereinafter provided. (c) The adoptive parents or parent and the adoptive child shall sustain toward each other the legal relation of parent and child and shall have all the rights and be subject to all the duties of that relation including the rights of inheritance from and through each other and the birth and adopted kindred of the adoptive parents or parent. (d) When a birth or adoptive parent, having lawful custody of a child, marries or remarries and consents that the stepparent may adopt such child, such consent shall not relieve the parent so consenting of any parental duty toward such child nor shall such consent or the order of adoption affect the rights of such consenting spouse and such adoptive child to inherit from and through each other and the birth and adopted kindred of such consenting spouse. (e) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs (a), (b) and (d) of this subdivision, as to estates of persons dying after the thirty-first day of August, nineteen hundred eighty-seven, if: (1) the decedent is the adoptive child's birth grandparent or is a descendant of such grandparent, and (2) an adoptive parent (i) is married to the child's birth parent, (ii) is the child's birth grandparent, or (iii) is descended from such grandparent, the rights of an adoptive child to inheritance and succession from and through either birth parent shall not terminate upon the making of the order of adoption. However, an adoptive child who is related to th decedent both by birth relationship and by adoption shall be entitled to inherit only under the birth relationship unless the decedent is also the adoptive parent, in which case the adoptive child shall then be entitled to inherit pursuant to the adoptive relationship only. (f) The right of inheritance of an adoptive child extends to the distributees of such child and such distributees shall be the same as if he were the birth child of the adoptive parent. (g) Adoptive children and birth children shall have all the rights of fraternal relationship including the right of inheritance from each other. Such right of inheritance extends to the distributees of such adoptive children and birth children and such distributees shall be the same as if each such child were the birth child of the adoptive parents.

(h) The consent of the parent of a child to the adoption of such child by his or her spouse shall operate to vest in the adopting spouse only the rights as distributee of a birth parent and shall leave otherwise unaffected the rights as distributee of the consenting spouse. (i) This subdivision shall apply only to the intestate descent and distribution of real and personal property. 2. (a) Except as hereinafter stated, after the making of an order of adoption, adopted children and their issue thereafter are strangers to any birth relatives for the purpose of the interpretation or construction of a disposition in any instrument, whether executed before or after the order of adoption, which does not express a contrary intention or does not expressly include the individual by name or by some classification not based on a parent-child or family relationship. (b) As to the wills of persons executed after the thirty-first day of August, nineteen hundred eighty-six, or to lifetime instruments executed after such date whether executed before or after the order of adoption, a designation of a class of persons described in section 2-1.3 of the estates, powers and trusts law shall, unless the will or instrument expresses a contrary intention, be deemed to include an adoptive child who was a member of such class in his or her birth relationship prior to adoption, and the issue of such child, only if: (1) an adoptive parent (i) is married to the child's birth parent, (ii) is the child's birth grandparent, or (iii) is a descendant of such grandparent, and (2) the testator or creator is the child's birth grandparent or a descendant of such grandparent. (c) A person who, by reason of this subdivision, would be a member of the designated class, or a member of two or more designated classes pursuant to a single instrument, both by birth relationship and by adoption shall be entitled to benefit only under the birth relationship, unless the testator or creator is the adoptive parent, in which case the person shall then be entitled to benefit only under the adoptive relationship. (d) The provisions of this subdivision shall not impair or defeat any rights which have vested on or before the thirty-first day of August, nineteen hundred eighty-six, or which have vested prior to the adoption regardless of when the adoption occurred. 3. The provisions of law affected by the provisions of this section in force prior to March first, nineteen hundred sixty-four shall apply to the estates or wills of persons dying prior thereto and to lifetime instruments theretofore executed which on said date were not subject to grantor's power to revoke or amend. EPTL §4-1.2: Inheritance by Nonmarital Children (a)  For the purposes of this article: (1)  A non-marital child is the legitimate child of his mother so that he and his issue inherit from  his mother and from his maternal kindred. 2

(2)  A non-marital child is the legitimate child of his father so that he and his issue inherit from  his father and his paternal kindred if: (A)  a court of competent jurisdiction has, during the lifetime of the father, made an order of  filiation declaring paternity or the mother and father of the child have executed an  acknowledgment of paternity pursuant to section four thousand one hundred thirty-five-b of the  public health law, which has been filed with the registrar of the district in which the birth  certificate has been filed or; (B)  the father of the child has signed an instrument acknowledging paternity, provided that (i)  such instrument is acknowledged or executed or proved in the form required to entitle a deed  to be recorded in the presence of one or more witnesses and acknowledged by such witness or  witnesses, in either case, before a notary public or other officer authorized to take proof of deeds  and (ii)  such instrument is filed within sixty days from the making thereof with the putative father  registry established by the state department of social services pursuant to section three hundred  seventy-two-c of the social services law, as added by chapter six hundred sixty-five of the laws  of nineteen hundred seventy-six and (iii)  the department of social services shall, within seven days of the filing of the instrument,  send written notice by registered mail to the mother and other legal guardian of such child,  notifying them that an acknowledgment of paternity instrument acknowledged or executed by  such father has been duly filed or; (C)  paternity has been established by clear and convincing evidence, which may include, but is  not limited to:  (i) evidence derived from a genetic marker test, or (ii) evidence that the father  openly and notoriously acknowledged the child as his own, however nothing in this section  regarding genetic marker tests shall be construed to expand or limit the current application  of subdivision four of section forty-two hundred ten of the public health law (D)  Repealed by . (3)  The existence of an agreement obligating the father to support the non-marital child does not  qualify such child or his issue to inherit from the father in the absence of an order of filiation  made or acknowledgement of paternity as prescribed by subparagraph (2). (4)  A motion for relief from an order of filiation may be made only by the father and a motion  for relief from and acknowledgment of paternity may be made by the father, mother or other  legal guardian of such child, or the child, provided however, such motion must be made within  one year from the entry of such order or from the date of written notice as provided for in  subparagraph (2) (b)  If a non-marital child dies, his or her surviving spouse, issue, mother, maternal kindred,  father and paternal kindred inherit and are entitled to letters of administration as if the decedent  was a marital child, provided that the father and paternal kindred may inherit or obtain such  letters only if the paternity of the non-marital child has been established pursuant to any of the  provisions of subparagraph (2) of paragraph (a).

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2-1.5: Advancements and their adjustment (a) An advancement is an irrevocable gift intended by the donor as an anticipatory distribution in  complete or  partial  satisfaction  of  the interest of  the  donee in the donor's estate, either as  distributee in intestacy or as beneficiary under an existing will of the donor. (b) No advancement shall affect the distribution of the estate of  the donor unless proved by a  writing contemporaneous therewith signed by the donor   evidencing  his  intention  that  the  gift be  treated  as  an advancement, or by the donee acknowledging that such was the intention. (c) When so proved, the advancement is part of the estate of the donor for the purpose of  distribution. If such  advancement  is  equal  to  or greater  than  the  interest of the donee,  whether in intestacy or under he will, such donee or his successor in interest may not share  in   the distribution  of  the  estate;  but if less than such intestate share or testamentary interest, the  donee or his successor in interest  may  take his  intestate  share  or testamentary interest reduced  by the amount of the advancement. (d) Unless otherwise provided in a writing contemporaneous with the advancement and signed  by the donor: (1)  An advancement, made as provided in this section, may be adjusted out of the property of the donor in such manner as may be equitable. (2) The advancement shall have the value at which it is appraised for estate tax purposes, or, if  not included in the gross taxable estate of he donor, the value at which it would have been  appraised  if  included therein. (e)  Nothing in this section shall increase or decrease the elective share of a surviving spouse  under either 5-1.1 or 5-1.1-A  except to  the extent authorized by paragraph (b) of those sections. 7-6.1: Definitions     In this part:     (a) "Adult" means an individual who has attained the age of twenty-one years.      (b)  "Benefit  plan"  means  an  employer's plan for the benefit of an employee or partner or an  individual retirement account.      (c) "Broker" means a  person  lawfully  engaged  in  the  business  of effecting transactions in  securities or commodities for the person's own account or for the account of others. (d)  "Court" means   the supreme court or the surrogate's court having jurisdiction over the minor. (e)  "Custodial  property"  means  (i)  any   interest   in   property transferred  to a custodian  under this part and (ii) the income from and proceeds of that interest in property. (f) "Custodian"  means  a  person  so  designated  under  7-6.9  or  a successor or substitute  custodian designated under 7-6.18.

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(g)  "Financial institution"  means  a  bank,  trust company, savings institution, or credit union,  chartered and supervised  under  state  or federal law. (h) "Guardian" means a person appointed or qualified by a court to act as  general,  limited,  or  temporary guardian of a minor's property or a person legally authorized to perform substantially  the same functions.  (i)   "Legal   representative"   means   an   individual's    personal representative or guardian.   (j)  "Member  of the minor's family" means any of the minor's parents, stepparents, spouse,  grandparents, brothers, sisters, uncles, and aunts, whether of the whole  blood  or  half  blood  or  by  or  through  legal adoption. (k)  "Minor" means  an  individual  who  has  not attained the age of twenty-one years. (l) "Person" means an individual, corporation, organization, or other legal entity. (m)  "Personal representative" means a person who has received letters to administer the estate of a decedent or a person legally authorized to perform substantially the same functions. (n) "State" includes any state of the United States, the District  of Columbia,  the Commonwealth of  Puerto  Rico,  and  any  territory  or possession subject to the legislative authority of the  United States. (o) "Transfer" means a transaction  that  creates  custodial  property under 7-6.9. (p) "Transferor" means a person who makes a transfer under this part. (q) "Trust  company" means  a financial institution, corporation, or other legal entity, authorized  to exercise general trust powers in  this state. § 7-6.2: Scope and jurisdiction  (a)  This  part  applies to a transfer that refers to this part in the designation under paragraph (a)  of 7-6.9 by which the transfer  is  made if  at  the  time  of  the  transfer,  the transferor, the  minor, or the custodian is a resident of this  state  or  the  custodial  property  is located  in  this  state. The custodianship so created remains subject to this part despite a subsequent change in  residence of a transferor,  the minor,  or the custodian, or the removal of custodial property from  this state. (b) A  person designated as custodian under this  part  is  subject  to personal  jurisdiction in this  state with respect to any matter relating to the custodianship. (c) A  transfer that purports to be made and which is valid  under  the Uniform  Transfers  to  Minors Act, the Uniform Gifts to Minors Act, or a substantially similar act, of another state is  governed by  the  law  of the  designated  state  and  may  be executed and is enforceable in this 5

state if at the time of the transfer, the transferor, the minor, or  the custodian  is  a  resident  of   the  designated  state  or the custodial property is located in the designated state. §7-6. 1 1 16.25 http://law.justia.com/codes/new-york/2006/estates-powers-trusts/idx_ept0a7p6.html

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