F. EPQ Bibliography and Footnotes PDF

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Bibliographies and referencing A bibliography is a record of texts, websites, articles and films that influence your writing. If you borrow an idea or a quotation from someone else’s writing, you need to credit them for it. This is a good thing and shows that you are evaluating other people’s ideas and combining them with your own, which is essential for A Level. However, if you don’t record these borrowings properly then you could be accused of plagiarism: this is where you steal other people’s ideas and pretend they are your own. Plagiarism is very serious and can lead to disqualification and a mark of zero. Even if you don’t mean to do this, if you have not referenced your ideas properly then you will have no defence. Therefore, you should make a record of everything you read that you think you might include in your final coursework portfolio. This serves two purposes. Firstly, you will be able to find your source again to reread it. Secondly, you will need all of this information for your bibliography, and if you can’t show where a quotation came from then you can’t use it! You should note the:  Author  Title of the work  Publisher  Place of publication  Year of publication (of this edition: not the date it was written or first published)  Page number. Most of this information will appear inside the first page of a book.

HOW TO PRESENT THIS INFORMATION Novels, plays and other complete works Possible referencing details:  Author: John Steinbeck  Title of work: Of Mice and Men  Publisher: Pearson  Year of publication: 2011  Place of publication: Harlow  Page number: p.63 In your bibliography, this information should be laid out like this: Steinbeck, John, Of Mice and Men (Pearson: Harlow, 2011)

Casebooks and journals Journal= academic specialist publication If you have taken an article from a casebook or journal then you need to show both titles and note the editor of the journal, too, like this: Note, Foo T., ‘How to write a bibliography’, Referencing Monthly Vol. 33, ed. R. F. Rance (LASS Publishing: Benenden, 2014) Note here that the article is in inverted commas and only the title of the actual published work is in italics. Websites For websites, instead of the publication date, you need to record the date you accessed the site. This is because websites are live and can change. You don’t want to be accused of misquoting something that was edited after you read it. Vodic, Vladimir, ‘Chaucer’s women’, University of St Andrews (www.standrews.ac.uk/english/chaucerswomen), accessed 18/10/14 For articles from JSTOR and other online journals, you should quote the printed publication details as above, not the website address. You will find these on the site. Newspapers Harris, John, ‘Who’s Afraid of the Synthetic Human?’ The Times (15 May 2008) Films and documentaries For films and documentaries, you should note the director(s). Murakami, Jimmy, and Raymond Briggs, When the Wind Blows (1986)

Mention any interviews, visits or museums, (WHERE DID YOU GET THE INFORMATION FROM)  very important

PRESENTING YOUR BIBLIOGRAPHY Your bibliography should be in alphabetical order. This is the only reason each reference begins with the surname. When noting references elsewhere you should write names normally. See below.

You do not need to state page numbers. You only need to do this for each individual reference in your footnotes.

FOOTNOTES QUOTES WHERE YOU TOOK THE INFORMATION FROM EXPLAIN THE SPECIALIST WORDS  Makes the essay/ project look professional STATE QUOTATIONS WITH “quotation marks”  or else plagiarism The point of a footnote is that anyone reading your coursework should be able to find the exact quotation you have used: they may want to check its validity, or they may just want to read more of the text you reference for their own further study. Therefore, footnotes should be given for every individual quotation or idea that you borrow from someone else. They will appear throughout your essays rather than at the end, and they should contain only the minimum information needed to show what you are referencing; the full information will be in your bibliography. If you wanted to reference Of Mice and Men, you could do so like the example in number 1 below.1 If you go on to use more quotations from Of Mice and Men, and this is the only text you use that is by Steinbeck, you could shorten your footnote even further by just using his surname, like in the example in number 2 below.2 (Here, note that ‘pp.’ serves as a plural of ‘p.’, and so means ‘pages’.) If, however, you are also quoting from The Grapes of Wrath, you will need to show from which of Steinbeck’s novels you are quoting each time, and so you must use the titles.

1 John Steinbeck, Of Mice and Men, p.10 2 Steinbeck, pp.14-15...