Factors that determine interpersonal attraction PDF

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That people have a tendency to relate, and if the relationship is unpleasant, they will tend the opposite, when one person feels attraction to another is because that similarity provides reinforcement, although the difference can be reinforcing. Human beings contrast their opinions, judgments, etc. ...

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FACTORS THAT DETERMINE INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION

Relationship with others can provide both satisfaction and distress. Human beings have a tendency to affiliation, it is the only living being that needs a long dependence on others. Affiliation is a basic human tendency that leads to the company of others. Its main function is to ensure survival. Baby and attachment figure (mom) - mutual reinforcement. The union, affiliation of people shows the need to establish affective and lasting bonds, this is called attachment: need for a social network (friends), feeling that you belong to a group and need for physical contact (interpersonal attraction and love).

What is interpersonal attraction? A tendency or predisposition of an individual to positively evaluate another person. As an attitude it consists of the three basic components of any attitude: Cognitive component (thinking). Affective component (feelings). Behavioral component (actions). It is a process that encompasses many situations: love, admiration, friendship... is one person's judgment of another, whose extremes could be hateful love. She is very influenced by socialization and culture even if we don't realize it. There are authors who have considered that interpersonal attraction includes love and that its evolution/change would be affected by the time variant.

Factors: Situational factors: Proximity. Temporary frequency of interaction. Early interaction. Characteristics of the stimulus person: Physical attractiveness.

Psychic traits. Affective state of the subject: more or less attractive: joy, serenity, pleasure. Belief in a just world: in general people deserve what they have. Self-fulfilling prophecy: Expectations for a person condition your behavior and that of the person who attracts us. Features: understanding, loyalty, each other's ability to grasp feelings, sincerity, joy. violence, narcissism, behavior, capricious, dominance, aggression.

Theories of cognitive consistency An attempt is made to maintain, first and foremost, his perceptions and ideas. Newcomb Theory: The more important it is given to the other person's opinion, the more attraction to that person is further reaffirmed. (admiration, respect...). Heider's balance theory: There are relationships of feeling and unity (behaviour). Relationships are balanced when there is a negative feeling towards a person I have no relationship to and on the contrary. The people who attract are because they are in balance, because they give satisfaction and positive feelings. Festinger's social comparison theory (previously discussed).

Positive effects Happiness Mental health (higher self-esteem, lower anxiety). Physical health. The quality of supportive relationships influences the health of our body; relating to others brings benefits.

Love Most subjects consider the author to be very important; According to harré and Lamb's dictionary of social psychology, love is defined as the act of fully attending and giving, in which we accept and adhere to someone as it is, and enhance the potential of the person who can be.

For love to occur there must be conditions: A person without intimate relationships and needing them. The chance of feeling in love increases at certain stages of the life cycle. When you are in a frustrated situation, fantasies are created with the object of desire. Paternal, maternal love. (Freud's psychoanalyst theory: paternal or maternal models will determine the beloved object).

Types of Love: Eros (passionate love) Ludus (no commitment) Storge (affect, friendship and commitment) Mania (obsessive concern, jealousy, dependency- Ludus+Storge) Pragma (rational love, compatibility- Eros+Ludus) Agape (friendly, selfless love) These styles can be combined and given at various stages of life, they are foreboding of the relationship.

Theories about love Rubin: He is the first to make a distinction in love. Sexuality is key in loving but not in liking. Loving and liking are different things. Berscheid and Walster: "Social tagging of emotions". Cultural significance is important in passionate love. It will be labeled as love if there are external signs that demonstrate that love. Through socialization we learn to do this process of attribution. They emphasize passionate love as the initial phase of infatuation. Hatfield and Walster: For them, love is the intense state of union with another person. Features: Reciprocal love: It occurs when there is an answer, but if there is not, it would relate to anxiety. Infatuation: It is a state full of emotions, physiological arousal, sexual desires... that permeate everyday life. There would be recurring thoughts and desire to know the person better.

Verbal expressions of affection: show interest; physical expressions of affection, being happy and taking an interest in each other's problems. This state cannot remain forever, and can end in three ways: I switch to another love. We're bleeding out of it. Infatuation with someone else. Sociobiology: Love is something that man has known for the procreation and reproduction of the brle in order to maintain the species. Process: Because of changes that occur in the body. Love is a culturally and socially appropriate response; is a state of excitement related to the other person. Reinforcement model: There is love when one individual is physiologically activated and the other person helps reduce anxiety Response facilitation model: Physiological arousal becomes more intense when the response is positive.

Sternberg: Theory of the love triangle. Lovely intimacy. Passionate passion love. Empty love only commitment. Romantic love passion and intimacy. Love companion intimacy and commitment. Fatuous love passion and commitment. Love consummate passion, intimacy and commitment. Intimacy: feelings within a relationship that promote rapprochement.

Passion State of intense activation These authors argue that intimacy and commitment are given over time while passion is at the beginning.

Other authors like Maslow talk about the deficit love that would be a physical dependence and a need to feel loved. Fromm says that love is not lasting but requires a commitment and act of will, not enough of the feeling.

what factors influence heartbreak? Previous relationship errors: person ignorance. Affective immaturity. Little previous experience. Stereotyped expectations. Confusion between infatuation and love. Social constriction: independence, fidelity. Cohabitation: routine. Boredom. Differences between members, perception of problems, loving style, degree of commitment. Personal processes: communication, support, stress, changes needs of the person. Sexuality.

Needs of the person in marriage: Need for emotional security attachment. Need for a network of social relations Friendship. Need for reproduction of the species. Sexual intimacy. Need for pleasant contact.

Other socially valued personal characteristics: Similarity: Newcomb says that people have a tendency to relate, and if the relationship is unpleasant, it will be tended otherwise. According to Burne, when one person is attracted to another, it is because that similarity gives him reinforcement, although the difference can be reinforcing. (e.g., a sick person will prefer to be with healthy people). Festinger postulates that the human being

contrasts his opinions, judgments, etc... with reality; contrasts his judgments with others and will prefer to approach those who corroborate him the same thing he sees. (Social Comparison Theory). The Theory of Costs and Benefits believes that attraction is based on what we see in that person and the benefits we would get. The likeness seems very important as a characteristic for several people to relate to each other: social class, age, ethnicity, values, judgments, etc. Complementarity of needs: People come together because they are, so to speak, complementary and seek what the other brings. Reciprocity: We feel accordingly to the attitudes of another person (mirror effect). Give and receive: depending on what you receive, so you react and give. Emotional Awakening: There is attraction when we are willing to.

Theories about interpersonal attraction Behavioral theories We are drawn to people who provide us with stimuli and pleasant experiences. Social exchange theory: We relate to others based on economic benefit; others say that the benefits we will get from the knowledge of past experiences Equity theory: A relationship is maintained if what is provided and what is received is equitable. Loss Gain Theory: Increased positive and rewarding behavior has greater impact than a constant reward invariant over time....