Interpersonal Deception Theory PDF

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Summary

Notes on Interpersonal Deception Theory in communication...

Description

A Brief History of Deception Research ● ● ● ●

Mainly experimental Painted communication as static Focused on lie detection Concluded that humans were poor lie detectors (people are rarely more than 60% accurate at detecting deception)

IDT: A Response ● ● ● ●

Developed by Buller and Burgoon Criticized the static approach Viewed communication through the transactional model IDT helps us understand the relationship between sender and receiver cognitions and behaviors in deceptive exchanges

Deception Defined ●

A message knowingly transmitted by a sender to foster false belief or conclusion in a receiver ○ Falsification ○ Concealment ○ Equivocation

Assumptions ●

Deception requires mental effort ○ Deception is a strategic enterprise involving plans and control ○ Despite these plans and attempts at controlling nonverbal and verbal cues, the liar may leak cues ○ Leakage refers to the unconscious nonverbal cues that signal an internal state

Leakage ●

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Explanations for leakage ○ Planning can make messages seem canned ○ Lying causes physiological arousal ○ People feel bad about lying and are liable to show it ○ Cognitive overload Zuckerman’s meta-analysis of leakage ○ Increased blinking and enlarged pupils ○ Frequent speech errors ○ Speech hesitations ○ High vocal pitch ○ Increased discrepancies between verbal and nonverbal channels

Liar Behavior ●

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Message characteristics reflecting strategic intent ○ Uncertainty and vagueness ○ Non-immediacy, reticence and withdrawal ○ Disassociation ○ Image and relationship protecting behavior Not all lies are created equally We put more effort into planning and control ○ When the situation is highly interactive ○ When the participants know each other well ○ When the deceiver is fearful of discovery ○ When the deceiver’s motivation for lying is selfish ○ When the deceiver is a skillful communicator

The Receiver’s Perspective ● Our persistent expectation that people will tell the truth is called the truth bias ● People who know and like each other are particularly resistant to doubt ● Suspicion refers to a state of doubt or distrust that is held without sufficient evidence or proof ● Receivers, like liars, show signs of leakage ● Deceivers are better at detecting suspicion than receivers are at detecting deception Critique ● Limitations ○ Lack of parsimony ○ May not be a theory ● Strengths ○ Attention to nonverbal communication ○ Offers some practical advice...