Military Patronage Era PDF

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Summary

This lecture discussed the military patronage era of the middle east from the years 900-1300s....

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Military Patronage Era Timeline & Main Points ● 900-1300s ● Osman Bey - founder of the Ottoman Empire ○ 1326 ● Gunpowder state ● Political legitimacy ○ Ghazis, dynasty based on divine favor ○ Bureaucracy ○ Devshirme, record keepers Military Chieftain - leader who is a warrior (killed their way to the top) Underlings - chieftain wannabes (rewarded for their service) -everyone else is an exploited victim Before 900 c.e. ● Baghdad - after the 1300 Ottoman Empire (looking at the middle between these times) ● Baghdad pretty much fallen apart by 900 ce ● Plantation slavery ○ Revolt of slaves makes their food go away ○ Too many revolts ○ Bad time to be in the middle east Military Patronage ● Military chieftain leader makes decisions ● Underlings - wannabe chieftains ○ Following him because they are rewarded for their service ○ Exploited victims ● Important characteristics of the era ○ Political legitimacy is absent ■ No political legitimacy in MP system ■ People get into power based off of violence ○ Continual Wars ■ Civil wars at least every twenty years ○ No economic development ■ Agriculture gets destroyed ■ Cities are abandoned ■ Not good food supply ■ Don’t want to be where the soldiers are ○ No permanent capital ■ When one person battles for power, they might move the city ■ No state institutions ● Not planning for the future

Modern Example of a MP system ● Militia (syria, Iraq) armed groups ○ About own exploitation of people and power by threatening others ● Non-state non-ideological armed groups ○ Gangs, mafias, drug cartels ■ Get into power because of fear ● hacking/cyber crime ○ Still using threats/violence to gain power Example of MP ● Crusades ○ 1100 ○ Not important in middle east history ■ No serious impact ○ Efforts by groups ○ Europe also in a time of military patronage ○ Tiny warring bands of people ○ Trying to change from a military chieftain to a dynasty ○ Do this by creating a sense of political legitimacy ● Military patronage chief ○ Richard the Lionhearted ■ French on an English throne ■ No one paid him any attention ○ Saladin ■ Kurd from Syria ■ Engaged in battles in Egypt ○ Both end up struggling over the city of Jerusalem in order to get political legitimacy ■ Religious favor to gain the throne ■ Both needed to win the political legitimacy ■ Fight each other for three years ■ Sign a treaty that no one wins ■ Saladin created a dynasty Modern day Syria and Iraq ● Gain power due to civilian fear of them ○ Militias, gangs, mafias, drug cartels...