[MR-2][ABC Group] Part A Proposal Week 1 PDF

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I wanna be your endgame
I wanna be your first string
I wanna be your A-Team
I wanna be your endgame, endgame
Big reputation, big reputation
Ooh you and me we got big reputations, ah
And you heard about me, ooh
I got some big enemies
Big reputation, big...

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1. I NTRODUCTI ON I nt h i spr o j e c t ,t heda t ai nt e r pr e t a t i onofCos t c o' s ,a nAme r i c a nwh ol e s a l ec or por a t i onf ound e di n1983,i ma ge a ndt hea c t ua lpe r f or ma nc eofi t spr oduc t-Roc ai spr o v i de df o rCl ubDe mo ns t r a t i onSe r v i c e s( CDS)Aus t r a l i a f ort he i rd i ffe r e ntus a g ep ur pos e s . Thepr o p os a lwi l lou t l i n et hei d e nt i fie dr e s e a r c h ob j e c t i v e s .To b e s ta c hi e v et he s e ,bot he xp l o r a t or ya nd de s c r i pt i v er e s e a r c h e sa r ei mpl e me nt e d.I n i t i a l l y ,de s kr e s e a r c hi sc ondu c t e dt og a t he rg e ne r a li n f or ma t i ono n Co s t c o .Fur t h e r mo r e ,f o c usg r o up s ur v e y swi t hs pe c i fict a r g e tr e s ponde nt sa r ehe l dt oe x a mi nec us t o me r s ' a wa r e ne s sa ndc o l l e c tt he i rbr a n dpe r c e pt i ons .Cons e q ue nt l y ,t hi sda t ai su s e dt oa s s e s st hepr o vi d e dq ue s t i onna i r e i n whi c h Cos t c o' sa wa r e ne s sa nd i ma g ea r eme a s ur e d,a nd c on s t r uc tt heba s i sf o rf u r t he rque s t i onna i r e s u gg e s t i ons .He nc e f or t h ,de s c r i p t i v er e s e a r c hi sa dmi ni s t e r e dt ot e s tt hea c c u mu l a t e dkno wl e dg ef r o me xpl o r a t or y one swi t hamo r er e pr e s e nt a t i v es a mp l e . 2. RESEARCH OBJ ECTI VES AsCDSr e qui r e s ,t h eo b j e c t i v e sa r e ,r e s pe c t i v e l y ,t oi n v e s t i g a t et hee x t e ntt owh i c hr e s pond e nt sa r ea wa r eof Cos t c o, t oe xa mi net hep e r c e p t i ono fCos t c o' si ma g e , a ndt od e t e r mi neho wt her e s ponde nt se v a l ua t eRo c a . 3. RESEARCH BACKGROUND 1 Cos t c oi sa mo n gt hewor l d' sbi gg e s twho l e s a l ec l u bope r a t or s ,pr ofit i n gf r om t woma i nr e v e n ues t r e a ms : me mb e r s hi pf e e s( mi ni mu m $60pe ry e a r )a nds a l e s ,i nc l udi n gs a l e so ft h ec ompa n y ' sbr a ndofc ons ume r pr o duc t ss uc ha sRoc a-ac ooki eb r a nddi s t r i b u t e donl yi nAus t r a l i a . Toi nc r e a s eb r a nda wa r e ne s s ,Co s t c out i l i z e dd i r e c tma r k e t i n gvi ae ma i lt oa t t r a c tp ot e nt i a lc us t o me r sa tal o we r c os tf o rne w wa r e hous eo pe ni n gsa n dwor dof mout ha d v e r t i s i n gb yme mb e r swi t hc oupon s( Chua n g ,202 1) . Cos t c oa i msf ort hebus i n e s smo de la nds t r a t e gyofo ffe r i n ghi g hqua l i t yy e tl o we r pr i c e dp r oduc t swi t hh ug e q ua nt i t i e s ,wh i c hi sa l s ot h eb r a nd' si ma g et oi mp r i nti nc ons ume r s 'mi nds( i b i d ) .I nf a c t ,a l o n gwi t hr a p i d i n v e n t or yt u r n o v e rt h a nkst oas i n gl e s t e pdi s t r i b ut i ons t r a t e gyt os e l li n v e nt or ybe f or ep a yme ntt os up pl i e r s , Cos t c oc a nma xi mi z ei t sgr os sp r ofitma r gi n( Cuof a no ,n . d) . Ac c or d i n gt oCor i ol i s( n. d . ) , un l i keot h e rAus t r a l i a nr e t a i l e r swhoc a t e rt oawi der a n g eofc us t o me r sf r o mv a r i ous s oc i oe c onomi cgr oups ,Cos t c oAu s t r a l i at a r g e t sp r i ma r i l yh i g ha ndmi d d l e i nc omec l a s sc ons ume r s .Thos ea r e s ho ppe r swi t ha na nnua lhous e ho l di n c omeofa r o un d 90, 00 0 AUD;mos ta r es ma l lb us i n e s s e so wne r s , pr o f e s s i ona l s , a ndo ffic e r s .The yh a v eaha bi to fbu yi n gi nbu l ka ndma ki n gl a r g epur c ha s e s , whi c ha l l o wst h e mt o r e c e i v egr e a tba r g a i nsa ndt hes hop pi n gc on v e ni e nc ef o rs t a pl ei t e msl e s sr e gul a r l y( i b i d ) .Mo r e o v e r ,Cos t c owa s a wa r de da sAus t r a l i a ' sl e a d i n gr e t a i ls t or ewi t hac us t ome rs a t i s f a c t i onr a t i n gof88. 6% t ha nkst odi v e r s epr o duc t s a nde n g a gi n gs h oppi n ge x pe r i e nc e( Mo r g a n, 2018) .

1 Ranked after Amazon & Walmart, Costco has over 790 membership warehouse locations, serves over 105 million cardholders in the US and ten other countries, mostly under the Costco Wholesale brand. Particularly, with 3,550 employees throughout the country, Costco Wholesale Australia currently runs 11 stores in five cities including South Australia, Victoria, the ACT, New South Wales, and Queensland, generating the sales revenue of approximately 2,600,000 AUD in 2020 (IBIS, n.d). In its primary warehouse operation, the company has an average of 3,700 active stock keeping units (SKUs) per warehouse, ranging from alcohol and appliances to fresh food, medicines, and tires. (D&B Business Directory, 2020).

4. RESEARCH DESI GN, DATACOLLECTI ONMETHODS, ANDSAMPLI NG PLANS 4. 1.Expl or at or yr e s e a r c h Si nc et hec onduc t i ont e a m kn o wsCo s t c oAus t r a l i a nb a r e l y ,i ti sne c e s s a r yt oc o nduc ts e c onda r yr e s e a r c ha bo ut t h es t or e ,s uc ha sma r k e ts ha r e ,bu s i ne s spe r f or ma n c e ,b r a ndne t n ogr a ph y ,s ot ha taf ounda t i oni sbui l tt odi r e c t t h en e xts t e ps . Ho we v e r , mo s ti mp or t a nt l y , t h i sa c te ns ur e st ha tnodup l i c a t i o no fr e s ul t sma yo c c ur . Subs e q ue nt l y ,t hef oc u sgr oupwi l lber e gul a t e don l i ne , whi c hma yl a s ta bout2ho ur s / e a c hwi t hs c r e e n r e c or d i n g . Thes ur v e ya i msa tt wog oa l s .To pof mi n di nt hewhol e s a l ec l ubs t or ec a t e g or ya ndCos t c o' spur c ha s ef r e que nc y r a n g ea r ei de nt i fie di nt e r mso fbr a nda wa r e ne s s .Ne xt , r e g a r d i n gs t or ei ma g e , br a nda s s oc i a t i on so fc us t o me r sa r e r e c o g ni z e d.Thet ar g e tr e s p onde n t soft h i sme t hoda r ei ndi vi dua l sl i v i n gi nho us e h ol d sc on s i de r e dt oha v emi ddl e 2 t ouppe ri nc omewi t hs i g ni fic a n thous e h ol de x pe ns e sa ndl i v ei nMe l bour n , e a ndha v i n gs hoppe df orb ul k si nt he 3 l a s tt h r e emont h s . Sampl i ngFr ame Asi ndi c a t i n gt ha tMe l b our ned e mog r a ph i c sc oul dbes pl i ti nt o4c a t e g o r i e si nc ompa r i s ont ot hena t i o na la v e r a g e : l o w( be l o w$650) ,me di u ml o w( $6 50$ 1, 2 0 0) ,me di umhi gh( $1, 2 00$3, 0 00) ,a n dup pe r( a bo v e$3 , 000)i nc o me c l a s s , wh i c ha c c ount sf or30. 2 %, 1 2. 1%, 39. 7%, a nd1 8. 0% r e s pe c t i v e l y . Sampl eMe t hodandSa mpl eSi z e Non pr o ba bi l i t ys a mpl i n gme t h odsa r es u gg e s t e dwhe na s s e mbl i n gq u a l i t a t i v ed a t a( Bur ns& Ve e c k,2 020) .I n t h i ss i t ua t i on,wi t ht h e pr o vi d e dc e ns usda t ao fMe l bour ne ,t he Quo t a me t h od i ss a t i s f a c t or y .Wi t ha s t r a i ght f o r wa r ds a mpl i n gt e c h ni q ue ,f o urgr ou pswi t ht e npe opl e /agr oupa r ea p pr o a c h e dvi ao nl i nepa ne l swhe r e t h e yne e dt oc o ns e nta nd, t he n ,b epr e s c r e e ne dt or e pr e s e ntpr o por t i ona t e l yt ot h ep e r c e nt a g e sa bo v e . 4. 2.De s c r i pt i v er e s e ar c h Asp r e vi ous l yme nt i one d ,da t ac ol l e c t i onf r o me xpl o r a t or yi nt e r vi e wsi sr e t e s t e da ndq ua nt i fie di nt h i ss e c t i o n. Mo r e o v e r , t her e c o gni z e dbr a nda s s oc i a t i onsa r ea l s obe i n gme a s ur e di nt e r msofa gr e e me nta n df a v or a bi l i t y ,a nd Roc a ' sp e r f o r ma n c ewi l lbep a r t i c ul a r i z e dv i at hes ur v e y . I nt h i ss i t u a t i on, a nonl i nes u r v e yi sc ons i d e r e dt obet h e mos te ffic i e ntd a t ac o l l e c t i onme t hod .Theq ue s t i onna i r ewi l lb es t r a i g ht f o r wa r dwi t hmos t l ys c a l eq ue s t i o nsa nd onl yc os ta r ound30mi nu t e st oc ompl e t e .Ta r g e tr e s p onde nt sr e ma i ni d e nt i c a ld e mo gr a phi c sa ndbu yi n gh a bi t s wi t ht h epr e vi o usme t hoda ndonl ye xpa ndi ng e o gr a phi cf a c t o rt oe nt i r eAus t r a l i a . Sampl i ngFr ame Ci t i e swhe r eCos t c os t or el oc a t e s :Me l bour ne ,Ade l a i d e ,Br i s ba ne ,a ndCa n be r r awi t ht h er e s p e c t i v ep opul a t i on of :4, 96 9, 30 5;1 , 357, 504;2, 4 7 5, 68 0a nd4 6 4, 99 5pe op l e( Ba s f or d ,2 020& Gl e nn,20 21) ,a c c ou nt i n gf o r53 . 6%, 14. 6%, 26. 7%, a nd5 , 1% r e s p e c t i v e l y . Sampl eMe t hod, Sampl eSi z e , andSa mpl i ngEr r o r Fo l l o wt h es a mp l i n gf r a mea bo v e ,a ndCl us t e rSa mpl i n gs e e mst obeac hoi c e .Th efir s ts t e pi st od i vi det h e 2 According to Basford (2020), Melbourne is the city with the most number of Costco locations which may indicate that residents might have sufficient perspectives on Costco brand and store image. Hence, they may give the more accurate data for the following descriptive research. 3 As the Costco data reported by Numerator (2021), the average buying cycle is about 43 days.

pop ul a t i oni n t oc i t i e sa nds e l e c tt hos ewhi c ho wnCo s t c os t or e s .The n,s i mpl er a ndom s a mpl i n gi si mpl e me nt e d f o l l o wi n gt hepr o por t i onf ore a c hc i t y ,wi t ht hes a mpl i n gt e c hni q ueofo nl i n epa ne l s ,t oi n v i t er e s p onde n t st o a ns we rt heq ue s t i on na i r e . Ther a n g eo fs a mpl es i z ema ybeN=2, 5 00,whi c hl e a dst ot h ee s t i ma t e ds a mp l ee r r ora t a ppr o xi ma t e l y2%. 5. QUESTI ONNAI RECRI TI QUES Thes t r uc t ur eoft h ep r o vi d e dq u e s t i o nn a i r ea ppe a r st obei ns uffic i e nta st h e r ea r enoI nt r oduc t i o n,Sc r e e ni n g q ue s t i ons ,a ndTr a ns i t i onsbe t we e ns e c t i o ns .Fo rt hei n t r od uc t i onpa r t ,i ti sc r u c i a lt oha v eamor ee xpl i c i t de s c r i pt i ono ft hes ur v e y ,i nc l udi n gwha ti n f or ma t i oni sbe i n gc o l l e c t e d,ho wt he i ra ns we r sa r eut i l i z e d,a ndh o w t h e i rp e r s ona lda t ai sp r ot e c t e d.Toc ompl e t et hei nt r oduc t i on,i ti si mpor t a ntt ome nt i onh owr e s pond e nt sar e s e l e c t e d4a ndr e s t a t et hea non ymi t yy e tc on fide nt i a l i t yo fc ond uc t i on. 5 Be s i d e s ,ones c r e e ni n gque s t i onwi l lbea s k e dt oc a t e g or i z et h eq ual i t yo fr e s pon s e s .Mo r e o v e r ,t r a ns i t i o n de s c r i pt i onswi l lb ep l a c e da tt hebe gi nni n go fe a c hs e c t i ont oi nf or mt hec ha n g e si nt heque s t i ons 'f o r ma ta nd c ont e xtf o rb e t t e ra wa r e ne s sofa ns we r s .Ge ne r a l l y ,t hewo r di n g ,t os omee xt e nt ,ne e dsa d j u s t i n gt oe nh a nc et h e c l a r i t yoft h eq ue s t i on s 'me a ni n g ,a ndt het yp e sofq ue s t i onsa r ea l s or e pl a c e dwi t hmor ee ffe c t i v ec ount e r pa r t s . 6 Fur t he rdi s c us s i o nsar easf o l l ows . 7 Tur ni n gt ot h ewa r mup sy e ts t o r ea wa r e ne s se v a l u a t i on,t hes ug g e s t i oni st h a tanor di n als c a l eque s t i on i sa dde d be f or et hep r o vi de do ne st os t r a i ght f or wa r d l ya p pr oa c hf o rt hepr ope ra wa r e ne s so ft hebr a ndc ompa r e dt ot he i r c ompe t i t or s ;t h i sq ue s t i ont y pea i mst og e thi g he rme a s ur e me n tt h a nt h en o mi na lone s .Ne xt ,t he1. 1 .a nd1. 2. gi v e nq ue s t i onsa r ea ppr o pr i a t ee nough.Ho we v e r ,f ort h e1. 3.c ou nt e r pa r t ," amon t h"ne e dsr e pl a c i n gwi t h" a q ua r t e r "b e c a us et hea v e r a g eCos t c opur c ha s ec y c l ei se s t i ma t e dt ob e43. 5da y s( Nume r a t o r ,2 021) ,whi c hr e f e r s t or a r ec ha n c e st h a tc us t ome r sv i s i t t hes t or e ss e v e r a lt i me spe rmont h .

Re g a r d i n gt heSt or ei ma g epa r t ,a d j us t me nt st ot hes t or ea t t r i bu t e swi l lbema def ol l o wi n gt h ec ol l e c t e dda t af r om t h ef o c usgr oup.I ti smor ea d vi s a bl et os wi t c ht oas e ma nt i cdi ffe r e n t i a ls c a l e( Bur ns& Ve e c k,2020) .I ns t e a dof ac o mpl e t es t a t e me ntde s c r i bi n ge a c ha t t r i b ut e ,t h eq ue s t i o nsa r eg i v e ni nphr a s e ss uc ha s" pl e a s a nta t mos phe r e " v e r s us" a wf ula t mos p he r e "a n d" ha vi n gwe l l kno wnb r a nd s "-" ha vi n gobs c u r eb r a nds " .Ut i l i z i n gt hi st ypehe l ps t h er e s pond e nt sb e t t e rj u d g ee a c hpr ope r t yf ol l o wi n gt hebi p ol a ra t t r i but e swi t hl oc a t i ona l o n gi t sc ont i nuu ma nd pa ymor ea t t e nt i ont ot h es ur v e ya st he r ea r es wi t c he sbe t we e nne g a t i v ea ndpo s i t i v ep hr a s e s . Thi r dl y , t obe gi nwi t h, ano t enot i fie st h a tt h ej udgme nt sa r ema deba s e dont h e i rc ompa r i s onsbe t we e nRoc awi t h 8 t h e i rf a v or i t eb r a nda sr a n k e di nt h eb e l o wq ue s t i onu s i n ganor d i n als c al e( c o mpos e do fal i s tofb r an ds ) .Ne xt off,us i n gt henomi n a ls c a l et oa s ki ft h er e s p onde nt sha v ee a t e nRoc al e a dst oa no t he rqu e r yo nt h e i rp ur c ha s e 4 The content could be: “By accessing this questionnaire, you agree to participate in this online survey as a resident living in Melbourne, Adelaide, Brisbane, or Canberra”. 5 Response quality is classified by the demand of customers in purchasing large amounts of consumer goods with great bargains and in a convenient environment because only those having this need, may have significant experience with wholesale shopping. Thus, the question could be: “Have you ever shopped in bulks at any wholesale stores?”. 6 The detailed questionnaire critiques could be found in the Appendix. 7 The question is: “Please rank brands that come to your mind first when mentioning the wholesale market” (included a list of brands). 8 The ordinal scale is used to ask customers to rank their favorability towards brands in the cookie industry that are distributed in Costco.

9 f r e que nc yf ort hebr a n ds ol e l yr e g a r di n gt hes ur v e y ' so bj e c t i v e .I ti sr e c omme nde dt oa doptt heLi k e r ts c a l ef or 10 br a ndp e r f or ma nc ee v a l ua t i on;e s p e c i a l l yf o re xp l i c i tr a t i n g ,ani t e mi z e ds c al ei sa ppr opr i at e .Ex c l udi n gt he pr o pe rwor di n g ,a spr o v i d e d,t h i ss e c t i oni ss pl i ti nt ot h r e epa r t st og ui d et hepa r t i c i pa nt si ng i v i n go pi n i ons a bout ,r e s pe c t i v e l y ,a gr e e me nt so nRoc a ' sf e a t u r e s ,o v e r a l ls a t i s f a c t i o nwi t hRo c ac o oki e s ,a n dt he i rl i ke l i hoodt o pur c ha s ei nt h ef ut ur ea swe l la st or e c omme ndt h eb r a ndt oot h e r s .

Fi na l l y ,f e wa d j u s t me nt st ot hee x i s t i n gq ue r i e st h a tt h e" s ub ur b s "p a r ti sa s s i s t e dwi t hal i s toff ou rc i t i e swi t h Cos t c ol oc a t i onsy e ta no t h e rc h o i c e .Ad di t i o na l l y ,aque s t i oni sa dde dt og e ti nf o r ma t i o no nt her e s pond e nt s ' i nc ome( u s i n gar a t i os c a l e )t os uppo r tt h es a mpl i n gf r a mewhe nc ond uc t i n gt h ea na l y s i s . 6. I DENTI FI CATI ONOFPOTENTI ALETHI CALI SSUES Whe nc o nduc t i n gama r k e tr e s e a r c hpr o j e c t ,a n yfir m mus tb es e ns i t i v et oe t h i c a li s s ue s ,s omeofwhi c hmus tb e c ons i de r e d. Cl i e nt ' si s s ue s Audi t i n gd a t ac ol l e c t i onme t h odsa r ene c e s s a r yt oe ns ur et ha tt hefir mi se x e c u t i n gs u i t a bl eda t ac ol l e c t i on me t h ods .I fi r r e l e v a ntme t hodsa r eu s e dduet omi s i nt e r pr e t a t i o no ft hec l i e n t ' se xpe c t a t i ons ,t hec os t swi l l i nc r e a s e .Thus ,c l i e nt swi l lbet heb e a r e r so ft h e s ea dd i t i ona lc os t s ,a ndt hec ol l e c t e di n f or ma t i ona l s ob e c ome s us e l e s sr e g a r di n gt he i rpur pos e s . I ns hor t ,mone yi swa s t e dwi t hnor e s ul t s . Re s po nde nt s 'r i ght s Al lr e s ponde nt ss houl dbet r e a t e dwi t hr e s pe c ta ndp r o f e s s i o na l i s m.The yh a v et h er i g htt owi t hdr a wa ta n yt i me , wi t hnoc oe r c i o no ra r r a n g e me nt ,s oa l lr e s e a r c hr e s ul t ss houl db eo b j e c t i v e .Ther e s ponde nt s ' i n f or ma t i onwoul d a l s ob ek e ptwi t hi nt hec l i e n t ' sc on t r a c t .Ho we v e r ,i ti st hec l i e n t ' sr e s pons i b i l i t yt oe n s ur et ha tf ur t he rp e r s o na l us eoft hi sd a t ai sk e p tc onfid e nt i a lwi t hi nt h el e g a lpur po s e soft he i rfir ms . Re f e r e nc ea l ls our c e s Ast h ei nf o r ma t i ona b outt hec ompa n y ' sb a c kgr ound,t a r g e tc us t ome r ,pe r c e p t i on ,a ndbr a nda wa r e ne s sh a sbe e n t a k e nf r om s y ndi c a t e dr e s e a r c hont h eI n t e r ne t ,a l lp os s i b l ei n f or ma t i onne e dsr e f e r e n c e st oa v o i dp l a gi a r i s m i s s ue s .

REFERENCES 9 The third objective of this survey aims at measuring Roca product performance, not the entire industry. 10 As given, only 3 points are assisted with description (Far worse, Same as other brands, and Far Superior) in the scale of 5-7 points, which indicates the abundance in structure for a non-itemized scale. By turning the scale into itemized ones, the descriptions are as follows: Strongly disagree, Disagree, Somewhat disagree, Neither agree nor disagree, Somewhat agree, Agree, Strongly agree (measuring agreement of respondents towards a statement in the questionnaire). The same applies to the case of measuring likeability and customer satisfaction.

1. Aus t r a l i a n Bur e a u of St a t i s t i c s ( 2 016) . 2016 Ce ns u s Qui c k St at s . Re t r i e v e d f r o m ht t ps : / / qu i c ks t a t s . c e ns u s da t a . a bs . g o v . a u/ c e ns u s _s e r v i c e s / g e t p r oduc t / c e n s us / 2 016/ q ui c ks t a t / 20604? op e ndo c u me nt 2. Ba s f o r d S.( 2020) . Ev e r y t h i n gY ou Ne e dT o Know Abou t Cos t c o Aus t r al i a. Re t r i e v e df r om ht t ps : / / www. l i f e h a c k e r . c o m. a u/ 2 020/ 02/ h o wt o j o i n c os t c oi na u s t r a l i a / 3. C. Bur ns , AnnVe e c k, Ro na l dF . Bus h( 2020) .Mar k e t i ngRe s e ar c h. Pe a r s on . Ei ghtEdi t i on. t p: / / i j mr a p. c om/ wp 4. Chua n gC.C.( 2021) .Ex pl o r eBr andi n gasaMa r k e t i n gSt r at e gy .Re t r i e v e df r o m ht c on t e n t / upl o a ds / 2 021 / 0 4/ I J MRAPV3N10P59Y21. p df 5. Cos t c oDe mo gr aph i c sandSh oppe rI ns i g ht s|Nume r at or .Sna ps ho t . n ume r a t or . c om.( 2021) .Re t r i e v e d f r o mh t t ps : / / s na ps hot . nume r a t o r . c om/ r e t a i l e r / c os t c o. 6. Cor i ol i s( n . d. ) . COSTCO I N AUSTRALASI A. Ar et he yg o i n gt os t oc k up? Re t r i e v e df r o m ht t ps : / / c or i o l i s r e s e a r c h. c o m/ pdf s / c or i ol i s _Cos t c o_i n _Aus t r a l i a . pdf ? f bc l i d =I wAR2 ws l VdDp3 j d kUr PYf QYAg_ O_1u1I f Rj x bVc ANmOPU8e RW8e 9s FLi 8G6ZI 7. Cuof a no G. ( n . d. ) . Bus i ne s s St r at e gy Le s s ons Fr o m Cos t c o Bus i ne s s Mode l . Re t r i e v e df r om ht t ps : / / f our we e kmba . c om/ c os t c obus i ne s s mode l / 8. D&B Bus i n e s s Di r e c t o r y ( 2020) . Co s t c o Whol e s al e Co r por at i on. Re t r i e v e d f r o m ht t ps : / / www. d nb . c om/ bus i ne s s di r e c t or y / c ompa n y pr o fil e s . c o s t c o_whol e s a l e _ c or por a t i on. c c 4d81e 83551363 232e c 809e c 8 3ba 87 6. h t ml 9. Gl e nn ( 2021) . Th e 50 l ar g e s t c i t i e s i n Aus t r a l i a | 2021 upda t e. Re t r i e v e d f r om ht t ps : / / bl og . i d . c om. a u / 2021/ popul a t i on/ popul a t i ont r e n ds / t h e 5 0l a r g e s t c i t i e s i n a us t r a l i a 20 21upda t e / 10.Mo r g a n R. ( 2 018) . Cos t c ot ops f or di s c ount de par t me nt s t o r es at i s f ac t i on. Re t r i e v e df r o m ht t p: / / www. r o ymor g a n. c om/ findi n gs / 7 72 2c s a r e s ul t s di s c ount de pa r t me nt s t or e s s a t i s f a c t i on 20 18090604 35 11.Nume r a t or ( 2 021) . Cos t c o Nu me r at or ht t ps : / / s na p s hot . nume r a t or . c om/ r e t a i l e r / c os t c o

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APPENDI X Appe ndi xA Que s t i o nnai r eCr i t i que si nDe t ai l s Que s t i o n

Ev al ua t i o n

Adde d s c r e e n i n g“ Ha v ey oue v e rs hoppe di nbul ksa ta n ywhol e s a l es t o r e s ? ” q ue s t i on I . St o r eAwar e ne s s ( 1 )

Byu t i l i z i n gt heo r di na ls c a l eque s t i on,a s k“ Pl e a s er a nkbr a nd st ha tc omet ...