Muscle chart lower extremity complete PDF

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Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh Muscles of the Gluteal Region GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

GLUTEUS MEDIUS

GLUTEUS MINIMUS

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O. – posterior aspect of iliac crest, dorsal surface of sacrum & coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament I. – iliotibial (IT) band, gluteal tuberosity INN. – inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2) AC. –Hip extension & ER

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6 attachments Most superficial

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O. – gluteal surface of posterior ilium I. – lateral surface of greater trochanter INN. – superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) AC. –hip abduction, IR of anterior fibers, & ER of posterior fibers

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Deep to gluteus maximus

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O. – gluteal surface of posterior ilium I. – anterior surface of greater trochanter INN. – superior gluteal nerve AC. –hip abduction & IR

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Deep to gluteus medius

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Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh

TENSOR FASCIA LATAE

PIRIFORMIS

● O. – ASIS, anterior aspect of iliac crest ● I. – IT band ● INN. – superior gluteal nerve ● AC. –hip abduction, hip flexion, & IR; tenses fascia lata

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Located in lateral thigh Strong abductor when hip is flexed

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O. – anterior surface of sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament I. –intertrochanteric fossa INN. – sacral plexus (anterior rami S1, S2) AC. –hip ER

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OBTURATOR INTERNUS

Deep to gluteus maximus & superior to superior gemellus Emerges through greater sciatic foramen Known as deep external rotator

● O. – pelvic surface of obturator membrane ● I. – medial surface of trochanteric fossa ● INN. – nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1) ● AC. - ER of extended hip 2

Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh

SUPERIOR GEMELLUS

INFERIOR GEMELLUS

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Tendon is between superior & inferior gemelli

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Muscle belly found within the pelvis

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O. – ischial spine I. – trochanteric fossa of femur INN. – nerve to obturator internus AC. –ER of extended hip

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Inferior to piriformis Known as deep external rotator

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O. – ischial tuberosity I. –trochanteric fossa of femur INN. – nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1) AC. –ER of extended hip

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Inferior to obturator internus tendon Known as deep external rotator

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QUADRATUS FEMORIS

Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh ● O. – lateral border of ischial tuberosity ● I. – quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest of femur ● INN. – nerve to quadratus femoris ● AC. –hip ER, steadies femoral head in acetabulum

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Known as deep external rotator Square/ rectangular shape

SCIATIC FORAMINA

FEMORAL TRIANGLE

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Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh

Muscles of the Anterior Thigh: flexors & extensors RECTUS FEMORIS

SARTORIUS

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O. – anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS), & ilium (superior to acetabulum) I. – quadriceps tendon, & tibial tuberosity INN. – femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4) AC. –hip flexion, leg extension at knee joint

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Part of the quadriceps femoris muscle group Helps iliopsoas flex thigh Only quad that crosses the hip joint

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O. – anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), superior notch inferior to ASIS I. – pes anserinus INN. – femoral nerve (L2, L3) AC. –hip Flexion, hip ABduction, hip ER, & leg flexion (tailor sitting) FABER

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Bc is attaches to the pes anserinus posteriorly, it will flex the knee 5

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VASTUS MEDIALIS

VASTUS INTERMEDIUS

Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh Part of femoral triangle with adductor longus and inguinal ligament o Contains femoral artery, vein, & nerve

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O. – anterior intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera of posterior femur I. – quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity INN. – femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4) AC. –knee extension

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Partially deep to sartorius Medial to vastus intermedius Oblique muscle fibers

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● O. – anterior surface of shaft of femur ● I. – quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity ● INN. – femoral nerve ● AC. –knee extension

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Deep to rectus femoris

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VASTUS LATERALIS

PECTINEUS

Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh ● O. – greater trochanter, lateral lip of linea aspera of posterior femur ● I. – quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity ● INN. – femoral nerve ● AC. –knee extension

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Lateral to vastus intermedius

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Partial covered by IT band

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O. – superior pubic ramus I. – pectineal line of posterior femur (just inferior to lesser trochanter) INN. – femoral nerve; may receive branch from obturator nerve AC. –hip adduction, hip flexion, hip IR [very little]

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Femoral artery and vein sit on top of pectineus Makes up medial aspect of floor of femoral triangle

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Muscles of the Medial Thigh: adductors

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ADDUCTOR BREVIS

Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh ● O. – inferior pubic ramus ● I. – pectineal line of femur ● INN. – obturator nerve (anterior division) ● AC. –hip adduction; hip flexion to an extent

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ADDUCTOR LONGUS

● O. – pubic crest ● I. – middle lip of linea aspera of femur ● INN. – obturator nerve (anterior division) ● AC. –hip adduction

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ADDUCTOR MAGNUS

Runs almost parallel to pectineus

Part of the femoral triangle with the sartorius muscle & inguinal ligament o Contains femoral artery, vein, & nerve

Anterior Portion ● O. – inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus ● I. – linea aspera & gluteal tuberosity of posterior femur, medial supracondylar line ● INN. – obturator nerve ( posterior division) ● AC. –hip adduction

Posterior Portion ● O. – ischial tuberosity ● I. – adductor tubercle of femur ● INN. – tibial part of sciatic nerve ● AC. –hip adduction

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Deep to adductor longus & brevis

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GRACILIS

OBTURATOR EXTURNUS

Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh ● O. – pubic symphysis/ pubic crest ● I. – pes anserinus ● INN. – obturator nerve ● AC. –hip adduction, knee flexion

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Most medial muscle found in thigh Helps IR leg

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O. – margins of obturator foramen & obturator membrane I. – trochanteric fossa of femur INN. – obturator nerve (L3, L4) AC. –hip ER, steadies head of femur in acetabulum

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Deep to pectineus

Muscles of Posterior Thigh: hip extensors, knee flexors

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BICEPS FEMORIS LONG HEAD

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Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh O. – ischial tuberosity I. – fibular head (converges w/ short head) INN. – tibial division of sciatic nerve AC. – o Alone: hip extension o Both long & short: knee flexion o ER of leg when knee is flexed

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Boundary of popliteal fossa along with semimembranosis & medial & lateral heads of gastrocnemius o Contains popliteal artery & vein

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O. – linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line of femur I. – fibular head (converges w/ long head) INN. – common fibular division of sciatic nerve AC. –knee flexion, & ER of leg when knee is flexed

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Boundary of popliteal fossa along with semimembranosis & medial & lateral heads of gastrocnemius o Contains popliteal artery & vein

SEMITENDINOSUS

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O. – ischial tuberosity I. – pes anserinus INN. – tibial division of sciatic nerve AC. –hip extension, knee flexion

SEMIMEMBRANOSIS

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O. – ischial tuberosity I. – medial meniscus & medial condyle of tibia INN. – tibial division of sciatic nerve AC. –hip extension, knee flexion

BICEPS FEMORIS SHORT HEAD

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Muscles of the Gluteal Region & Thigh IR of leg when knee is flexed Deep to semitendinosis Thicker than semitendinosis Boundary of popliteal fossa along with biceps femoris & medial & lateral heads of gastrocnemius o Contains popliteal artery & vein

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