Notes for PE 2n - asdasdasdasd PDF

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Notes for PE 2n AY 2020-2021

LESSON 1 :

RHYTHMIC ACTIVITIES

Definition of Terms: 1. Rhythm – a measured flow characterized by basically regular recurrence of elements or features such as beats, sounds, or accents. 2. Rhythmic Activities- physical manifestations of the mental and emotional responses of individual through rhythm. These are the activities which a person responds physically, socially and mentally to regular patterns of sounds. 3. Dancing- means of expressing one’s emotions through movements and disciplined rhythm. It is an act of moving rhythmically and expressively to an accompaniment. The word “dancing” came from the old German word “damson” which means “to stretch” 4. Dance- it is pure expression of the dancer’s thoughts and feelings. 5. Free Rhythms- the range of fundamental movements of the body and are manifested in axial, locomotor and non-locomotor movements. ● Elements of Rhythm: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l.

Beat- the underlying pulse of a rhythm. Tempo- rate of speed of a movement. Intensity- variation of stress of movement. Pitch- lowness and highness of a tone. Accent- emphasis on certain beats. Meter- the regular recurrence of beats which divides a musical design into measures. Phrase- measures grouped together. Bar- in music a vertical line across a staff dividing it into equal measures of time. Count- a pulse beat a time limit. Note- a printed symbol of a musical tone. Measure- a group of pulse beat. Time signature- the number above denotes the number of beats in a measure and the number below denote the kind of notes that receives one beat. (eq. ¾)

m. Note pattern- refers to note or set of notes with or without rest used for a certain dance.(eq. Half-note/Whole-note) n. Step pattern- refers to the movement or movements done for each of the dance steps.(eq. Mazurka- slide; cut; hop) ● Elements of movement Space: 1. Direction—is the line of movement taken which maybe forward, backward, sideward, diagonal, upward, or a combination of those mentioned. 2. Level—is movement through space that maybe done at a high, low, or medium level. 3. Range—refers to the area covered as the body moves. It may be small, as when the movement is done in one’s place; or large when movement covers a wide area as when getting away from one’s place. 4. Floor Pattern—the path or design that is made while moving in space is what is termed as floor pattern. It may take a form of a circle, square, straight line or zigzag. ● Movement Qualities: 1. Movement expression is attained through the elements of time, force and space ● Time qualities: 1. Movements which is fast Examples: galloping Jet plane 2. Movement which is slow Examples: turtle Flower growing ● Force Qualities: 1. Soft light movement Examples: Fairies Birds and butterflies 2. Strong, heavy movement Examples: Elephant Bulldozer 3. Strong, jerky movement Examples: Frog A jumping jack 4. Smooth, sustained movement

Examples: Airplane Fish swimming ● Space Qualities: 1. Movement up and down Examples: Bouncing ball Yo-yo 2. Movement across, back and forth or around Examples: Rowing boat A merry-go-round 3. Movement which is low Examples: Ants Turtles 4. Movement which is high Examples: Kites Clouds ****PHASES OF THE DANCE PROGRAM 1. Creative Rhythm- creative rhythms are actually for the children in the elementary grades. These sometimes called fundamental rhythms or natural dance. It is an end product of exploration and improvisation of movements as children learn to move the parts of their body to use them as instruments of expression. 2. Folk Dance – is a cultural art form handed down from one generation to another. It communicates the customs, beliefs and occupation of the people of a region or country. Folk dancing belongs to the people. It emanates from them. 3. Recreational Dance – recreational dances include dance mixers, square dancing, round and couple dances. Many of these dances have simple patterns based on combination of walking steps, the two steps, polka step and waltz step. 4. Social and Ballroom Dance – is a social gathering with a formal atmosphere rather than a simple and informal parts in which recreational dances are the usual forms. Social dancing are generally held in the evening. The participants are usually in formal attire. 5. Creative Dance – is the highest form of dance for the purpose of entertainment. It is the end product of exploration and improvisation of movements as the dancers or choreographers expresses their feelings or emotions, ideas and interpretations. This is a dance with definite form, beginning and ending. The principles of art form are all observed in the composition of the dance. Examples: Modern dance, Jazz and Ballet

LESSON 2: BASIC NATURAL MOVEMENTS OR SKILLS APPLIED IN DANCE

Kinds of Rhythmic Activities A. Locomotor Movements – movements that bring the performance from one place to another. - Movements that move the body on space in any direction with the feet as the moving base. 1. Walking- moving at moderate pace of the feet, lifting one foot only after the other foot has touched the floor or ground. 2. Running- movement of the feet with springing steps at rapid pace such that an instant both feet are off- ground during each step. 3. Jumping- springing and taking off with one or both feet and landing on both feet. 4. Hopping- springing on one foot and landing on the same foot. 5. Skipping- same procedure as in hopping but bouncing lightly with alternate steps and hops. 6. Leaping- springing of one foot and landing of the other foot. 7. Galloping- moving in continuous motion with a step followed by quick close to the other foot. 8. Sliding- gliding the feet along the floor. B. Axial or Non- Locomotor – the various parts of the body move in space with fixed base. - Movements done by apart or several parts of the body without moving the base of support. 1. Flexion- bending or shortening of a body part occurring at a joint. Example: Half knee-bent Full knee bend 2. Extension- stretching or straightening a body part occurring at a joint. 3. Percussive- striking of beating movements. Example: Striking and beating, pushing and pulling Arm strike with open fist, push with one arm 4. Pendular- swinging or swaying movements. Example: Arm swinging sideward Body swaying L and R 5. Vibratory- shaking or turning movements. Example: Shake hips and shoulders to rhythmic patterns

Shake arms and hands rhythmically 6. Sustained- a slow smooth flowing movement with balance of movements all throughout the entire series. Example: Arms circle swing continuously 7. Suspended- start with a sharp movement followed by a slow movement. Example: Both arm circle three times counterclockwise and stop movement with arms diagonally upward right.

Some Abbreviations and Signs Used in Dancing L – left

M – measure

→ - direction

R – right

X – boy

II – end of measure

Ct. – count

O – girl

Formations Commonly Used in Rhythmic Activities Formations are very important and it adds beauty to the dance. Formation may vary or change after each figure in a dance. The following formations are recommended for variations. 1. Single circle (facing clockwise) 2. Single circle (facing counter clockwise) 3. Single circle (facing center) 4. Single circle (facing each other) 5. Double circle (partners facing clockwise) 6. Double circle (partners standing side by side and counter clockwise) 7. Double circle formation (partners facing each other) 8. Square or Quadrille formation 9. Double lines (facing audience) 10. Double line (partners facing) 11. Semi-circle or half moon 12. Diagonal formation LESSON 3.

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINE FOLK DANCES

When the Philippines was discovered by Magellan in 1521, it had been inhabited by different racial groups: the Indonesians, Malays and Pygmies. The offspring of Pygmies were the Negritos whose dances describe their daily activities such as: Sinulog, a dual dance where two men using bolos. For centuries, singing and dancing form the greater part of their recreation. The people express their ideas through rhythmic actions in folk

dances. While most of the Philippine folk dances are ritual in character, there is a good variety of occupational, courtship, festival and war dances which add color to the rich Filipino culture, customs and traditions. Filipinos possess natural grace, inborn of music and dance. Dancing was considered a religious activity to them. They dance for any occasion like birth, love, courtship, thanksgiving, wedding, war, victory, planting and harvesting, prosperous voyage, recovery from sickness and healing the sick. In place life is easy, the dances are gay. Dances entertain people in places where life is hard, sad, slow and even mournful.

Importance of Philippine Folk dances 1. 2. 3. 4.

It It It It

binds community residents in the celebration of important events. strengthens ties among community members. provides an outlet that can wash away stressful activity. is regard as enjoyment and revelry for all.

Values of Philippine Folk dances 1. Dissemination and preservation of traditional folk dances. 2. Preservation of the joyful tunes we’ve inherited from our ancestors. 3. Appreciation of our local cultures. Objectives of Philippine Folk dances 1. To commit the ideas of cultural development as a vital factor in nationbuilding. 2. To enhance aesthetically, morally and physically the cultural values demonstrated in various folk dances. 3. To participate actively in folk dancing for its intellect intellectual, moral and aesthetic values. 4. To disseminate Philippine traditional dances in its pure and authentic form. 5. To instill the love of performing folk dances as cultural legacy. 6. To show to other countries the uniqueness of a Filipino identity. Characteristics of Philippine Folk Dances 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

In general, dancers stand apart. There is little if any bodily contact although holding hands is common. Most of the dances are done in pairs or couple. Hand movements play an important part. Most dances are in long formation. Most dances begin and end with a saludo, bow or curtsy. Dances from lowland have more foreign elements than those found in upland. 8. War dances are found among non-Christian tribes.

9. Dances are performed by the young and olds. Other Distinct Characteristics of Philippine Folk dances 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

I.

Different from other folk dances from other places. Give pleasure to dancers and audiences. Reflects cultures introduced by invaders and conquerors. Provide socialization. Passes down from one generation to another. Some groups have repertory of dances.

CLASSIFICATIONS OF PHILIPPINE DANCES

A. According to Geography 1. National Dances – dances found throughout the island. Example: Rigodon, Cariñosa 2. Regional dances – dances found in a certain locality or region. Example:

Tinikling Subli Maglalatik Biniganbigat Kin-aras Rogelia

– Leyte - Batangas - Batangas - Abra - Ilocos - La Union

B. According to Nature 1. Occupatioal Dances – depicts actions of certain occupation, industry or human labor. Example: Pabirik – depicts the different stages of gold panning Rice Festival – a dance with the largest number of dancers from planting to harvesting 2. Religious or Ceremonial dances – these are dances that are performed in connection with religious vows, practices and other ceremonies. Example: Dugso – a dance to drive away evil spirits/ thanksgiving for good harvest Pinung-pino – a dance performed asking for a child Kuracha – a dance performed to give thanks for a bountiful harvest...