NSG5003 Pathopysiology Final Exam Study Guide PDF

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Study guide for final exam. Consists of week 5 through week 7. All information correlates with the text book....

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NSG 5003 Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam Study Guide      

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100 Questions/3 points for each question 120 Minutes/1.2 minutes per question Final Exam primarily covers content in Week 1-6, 7, 8, 9, & 10 There are 23 questions on the exam from Weeks 1-6. Review previous quiz study guides. There are 77 questions on the exam from Weeks 7-10. Review previous quiz study guides. This is not an exhaustive list of what you may see on the Final Exam. You are responsible for all readings and content covered in the course in Weeks 7-10 & Weeks 1-6. This is the only blueprint that will be provided and replaces previous study guides. There is much material and concepts covered. The study guide review questions are provided to assist with focusing your studying for the quiz.

Week 7 Chapter 41 - Structures and Functions of the Digestive System Chapter 42 – Alterations of Digestive Function Chapter 43 Alterations of Digestive Function in Children Digestive Questions from Week 7 (8 Questions) What are the two major components of the gastrointestinal system? What are the digestive functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas? What is the primary function of amylase in the saliva? Which immunoglobin is found in saliva? What is the primary function of pepsin in the stomach? Which organ is primarily impacted by metastasis of malignant tumors in the intestine? What roles do glucose transport play in cell and diffusion? What is the initial treatment for an infant with intussusception (telescoping of the intestines)? What are the causes of newborn jaundice? What is the treatment for newborn jaundice? Which diagnostic studies are monitored for treatment effectiveness?

Week 8 Chapter 24 – Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems Chapter 25 – Alterations of the Female Reproductive Systems Chapter 26 – Alterations of the Male Reproductive Systems Chapter 27 – Sexually Transmitted Infections Chapter 38 – Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic System Chapter 39 – Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function Chapter 40 – Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children Reproductive Questions from Week 8 (8 Questions)

Review puberty in boys and girls – physiology, stages, characteristics? What can cause delays in puberty for boys? Girls? Review the following conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – phimosis, balanitis, benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), prostatitis, testicular cancer, cryptorchidism? Review the following conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ovarian cancer? How are urinary tract infections similar and different between females and males? What are the best strategies for prevention of UTIs? Sexual Transmitted Infections Questions from Week 8 (8 Questions) Review the following STIs (causes, transmission, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – primary and secondary syphilis, herpes simplex (HSV-1 & HSV-2) virus, Trichomoniasis Renal Questions from Week 8 (8 Questions) What are the major components of the kidneys? What are the primary functions of the kidneys? Ureters? Urinary Bladder? Where are the glomeruli located? Why are the glomeruli important in the function of the kidneys? What are the functions of the tubules? Juxtaglomerular apparatus? Renin? Angiotensin I and II? What is the diagnostic finding of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) indicate related to kidney function? What are the inflammatory processes that occur with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis? Review the following renal (causes, transmission, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – acute renal injury, chronic kidney failure?

Week 9 Chapter 15 - Structures and Function of the Neurologic System Chapter 16 – Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function Chapter 17 – Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function Chapter 18 - Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction Chapter 19 – Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Chapter 20 – Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children Chapter 21 – Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation Chapter 22 - Alterations of Hormonal Regulation Chapter 23 – Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition Neurologic Questions from Week 9 (17 Questions) What are the structures and functions in the neurologic system? What are the six primary functions of the brain and spinal cord?

Review the following neurologic conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – head trauma, spinal injury, myasthenia gravis, common neural tube defects, hematoma, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, increased intracranial pressure (including bulging fontanels in infants)? How is brain death determined? What are the classic signs and symptoms of being brain dead? What is stress and how does stress effect the body and functions? What is the relationship of cortisol and stress? Review the reactive responses to stress (learned, physical, psychological, anticipated)? Which neurotransmitters are primarily involved with schizophrenia, depression, anxiety? Review the following psychiatric conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, anorexia, bulimia? What are the risk and benefits from Marijuana use? Endocrine Questions from Week 9 (8 Questions) What are the hormones excreted and functions for pituitary gland, pineal gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus, and adrenal glands? What are some common conditions resulting from too little or too much of a hormone? Review the following endocrine conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), neurogenic diabetes insipidus, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Nutrition Questions from Week 9 (5 Questions) Which diagnostic testing are good indicators for nutritional status? What are the short-term and long-term consequences of starvation? Review the following nutrition conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – Kwashiorkor (Protein malnutrition), cachexia, bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa? What is the function of adipose tissue? What percentage of the total body weight in healthy individuals is made up of adipose tissue? What is lipogenesis? What are the risk and benefits of a plant-based near-zero diet? What role does cholesterol have in the formation of hormones?

Week 10 Chapter 44 - Structures and Function of the Musculoskeletal System Chapter 45 – Alteration of the Musculoskeletal Function Chapter 46 - Alteration of the Musculoskeletal Function in Children Chapter 47 – Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument Chapter 48 – Alteration of the Integument in Children Musculoskeletal Questions from Week 10 (7 Questions) What are the major components and functions of the musculoskeletal system? What is the process or cycle for muscle contraction and relaxation?

What is osteoblast, osteocytes, and osteoclast? Which minerals are stored in bone? What role dose vitamin D have with bones? How are bones formed? Review the following musculoskeletal conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – bone trauma, fracture, osteolysis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, blunt force trauma, sprain, strains? Integument Questions from Week 10 (9 Questions) What are the major components and function of the integument? Review the following integument conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – plaque psoriasis, psoriasis arthritis, onychomycosis, tinea corporis, tinea luces, oral thrust, abrasion, laceration, puncture wound, pressure injury, basal cell carcinoma, cellulitis, malignant melanoma, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, scabies? Describe the following primary lesions – bullae, cyst, macule, nodule, papule, plaque, pustule, vesicle, wheal? Describe the following secondary lesions – scar, scale, crust, lichenification, excoriation?

Weeks 1-6 Cell Biology (2 Questions) How does the hormonal mode of chemical signaling occur in a cell? What are the functions for receptor-mediated exocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis, passive transport, active transport? Cardiovascular (8 Questions) What are the structures of the heart? How does blood flow through the heart? What is the function of the pericardial sac? What is the function of the sinus node? Atrioventricular node? Review the conduction of the heart? What do the following represent in heart conduction - PR interval? QRS complex? P wave? ST segment? What are the pathological consequences from hypothermia? Review the following conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – vascular injury, vascular insufficiency? Respiratory (6 Questions) What are the upper and lower structures and functions of the respiratory system? What is the purpose for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), biphasic positive airway pressure, Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV)? Review the following conditions (causes, signs and symptoms) and be able to identify the treatment for each – emphysema, pneumonia? Inflammatory/Immune (7 Questions) What are the systemic effects of inflammation? What is a nonspecific inflammatory response? Describe the response and leading causes of an inflammatory response leading to the signs and symptoms for – redness, swelling, warmth, pain, and loss of function? Review the differences between a virus and bacterial immune response? What is the pathogenesis of a virus?

How do vaccines work? What causes primary vaccine failure? Secondary vaccine failure?...