Nutri 300 Practice EXAM 1 PDF

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NUTR 300

Exam 1

Sample Questions

1. Which of the following is NOT an essential nutrient? A) water B) alcohol C) vitamins D) minerals 2. Which of the following is a micronutrient? A) carbohydrates B) vitamins C) lipids D) alcohol 4. The building blocks of proteins are called: A) fatty acids. B) amino acids. C) saccharides. D) nitrogen fragments. 5. Protein is the only macronutrient that contains the element nitrogen. True

False

6. In the United States, diseases related to overnutrition (heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes) are more common than nutrient deficiency diseases. True

False

7. Vitamins contain 4 kilocalories per gram. True

False

8. Which of the following is a disaccharide? A) sucrose B) fructose C) galactose D) glucose 9. Which of the following enzymes is found in the mouth? A) lactase B) maltase C) pancreatic amylase D) salivary amylase 1

NUTR 300

Exam 1

Sample Questions

10. Which enzyme digests carbohydrates in the stomach? A) salivary amylase B) pancreatic amylase C) amylose D) None, carbohydrates are not digested in the stomach. 11. In the absence of carbohydrate, ________ are produced from the incomplete breakdown of body fat. A) amyloses B) amylases C) ketones D) bacteria 12. Which of the following is associated with the development of ketosis? A) a diet that contains too much fat B) a diet that contains insufficient fat C) a diet that contains too much carbohydrate D) a diet that contains insufficient carbohydrate 13. Which of the following are good sources of fructose? A) milk and cheese B) fruits and honey C) fruits and vegetables D) breads and cereals 14. Jane consumed a breakfast that contained 80 grams of carbohydrate, 20 grams of protein, and 10 grams of fat. Approximately how many kilocalories did Jane eat at breakfast? A) 324 kilocalories B) 500 kilocalories C) 420 kilocalories

D) 1,000 kilocalories Side note: 1g of carbohydrate = 4 kcal 1g of protein = 4 kcal 1g of fat = 9 kcal My calculations come up to 490… so I am asume it is B)

15. Which of the following represents a nutrition transition? A) increased availability of maize over corn B) decreased reliance on carbohydrates C) lower-fat subsistence crops 2

NUTR 300

Exam 1

Sample Questions

D) increased consumption of sugar 16. What element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat? A) carbon B) hydrogen C) nitrogen D) oxygen 17. Immediately after absorption, what circulatory system carries most of the fat-soluble nutrients? A) vascular B) mesenteric C) lymphatic D) enterohepatic 18. Type 2 diabetes is seen only in adults. True

False

19. High-intensity exercise uses carbohydrate as a primary fuel source. True

False

20. A high glycemic index food can cause a sudden rise in blood glucose levels. True

False

21. Excess kcals from carbohydrate are stored as fat. True

False

22. Carbohydrates contribute ________ kcal/gram. A) 3 B) 4 (It says 3.75 online, but 4 in the nutri300 textbook) C) 7 D) 9 23. Which of the following BEST describes the glycemic index? A) an individual's glucose/insulin ratio in a fasted state B) the amount of insulin required to metabolize 100 grams of glucose C) the glucose content of a given food D) the extent to which a given food raises blood glucose and insulin 24. A disaccharide is formed by the chemical bonding of: A) two monosaccharides. 3

NUTR 300

Exam 1

Sample Questions

B) two polysaccharides. C) one monosaccharide and one polysaccharide. D) two oligosaccharides. 25. Lactose intolerance is due to a(n): A) deficiency of lactose. B) deficiency of lactase. C) deficiency of the GI flora (healthy bacteria). D) allergy to casein (milk protein). 26. Diets with high glycemic load are associated with a reduced risk for chronic diseases such as diabetes. True

False

Match the following items. 27. Glycogen F

A) Storage form of carbohydrate in plants 28.

28. Starch

B) Primary source of energy for the body's cells 32.

A

29. Fiber

E

C) Disaccharide found in beer 32.

30. Lactose

D

D) Primary carbohydrate in milk 30.

31. Maltose

C

E) Polysaccharide not digested by humans 29.

32. Glucose B

F) Storage form of carbohydrate in animals 27.

33. Bob eats his breakfast and his GI tract will now begin the process of digesting and absorbing the nutrients from this meal. What is the order in which each of the organs of the GI tract will work to achieve this process? A) mouth: esophagus: small intestine: stomach: large intestine B) mouth: esophagus: stomach: small intestine: large intestine C) mouth: stomach: esophagus: small intestine: large intestine D) mouth: stomach: esophagus: large intestine: small intestine 34. The simplest molecules of carbohydrates are called: A) fatty acids. B) amino acids. C) monosaccharides. D) calories. 35. Over 16 million Americans have diabetes. Which of the following is the most prevalent form of diabetes? A) type 1 4

NUTR 300

Exam 1

Sample Questions

B) type 2 C) gestational D) pediatric 36. A lipase is an enzyme that digests: A) protein. B) fat. C) carbohydrate. D) alcohol. 37. Fetal programming refers to A)

A mother’s preference for television shows or music during pregnancy.

B)

An infant’s preference for television shows or music as a result of exposure while in utero.

C)

The idea that undernourishment in a pregnant woman might lead to a propensity for overweight in their child.

D)

The idea that adequate nourishment in a pregnant woman might lead to a propensity for overweight in their child.

Vocabulary: Essential nutrients: nutrients for which specific biological functions have been identified and that thebody cannot synthesize in sufficient quanitities to meet our biological needs. Essential nutrients must be provided through the diet. Fats: an important energy source for our boides at rest and during low-intensity exercise. Nutrition transition: the increased availability of food and the change in the types of food available to the population as the economy of a devloping country improves and associated with increasing incidence of besity and chronic diseases. The GI tract and accessory organs: gastrointestinal (GI tract), along muscular tube consisting of several organs: the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and then large intestine. Secretions of each organ (enzymes and hormones (CCK, secretin)): Mouth: Stomach: a J shaped organ where food is partially digested, churned and stored until release into the small intestine. Small intestine: the longest portion of the GI tract where most digestion and absorption take place. Pancreas: gland located behind the stomach; it secretes digestive enzymes.

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NUTR 300

Exam 1

Sample Questions

Gallbladder: a pear-shaped organ beneath the liver that stores bile and secretes it into the small intestine. Ulcerative colitis: a chronic disease of the large intestine or colon, indicated by inflammation and ulceration of the mucosa or innermost lining of the colon. Probiotics: live beneficial strains of gut bacteria in food or supplements that help maintain a proactive balance in the gut flora. Mono-, di-, polysaccharides and examples of each: Monosaccharides: the simplest of carbohydrates. Consists of one sugar molecule the most common form of which is glucose. Disaccharides: a carbohydrate compound consisting of two monosaccharide molecules joined together. Polysaccharides: a complex carbohydrate consisting of long chains of glucose. Hyperglycemia: a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal. Hypoglycemia: a condition marked by blood glucose levels that are below normal fasting levels.

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