PHI105 T4 Persuasive Essay Outline Worksheet (Completed) PDF

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Name: Marcia Spivey

Topic 4: Persuasive Essay: Outline Worksheet Review “How Do I Organize My Brainstorm into an Outline?” in “The Writing Process” Media piece. Link: http://lc.gcumedia.com/phi105/persuasive-writing-website/persuasive-writingwebsite-v1.1.html References and Citation help: http://libguides.gcu.edu/CitingSources

Assignment Directions: Use the Persuasive Essay Outline on the next page to outline your persuasive essay by completing the following: 1) Use the feedback you received from your instructor to revise your thesis statement. a) Write your thesis as a complete sentence (as you would in your essay) in the “Thesis Sentence” section under the Introductory Paragraph heading in the outline below. 2) Create a topic sentence for each of the three paragraphs that comprise the body of your essay. a) Record the topic sentences in each of the “Topic Sentence” sections under the “Support for Thesis” headings in the outline below. b) Your topic sentences should be persuasive in nature and support your thesis. 3) Write at least three details for each topic sentence. a) These details should provide support for the topic sentence. b) Remember to include at least one in-text citation for each supporting paragraph. c) Paraphrasing is preferred, use direct quotes minimally. 4) Write a concluding sentence under the “Conclusion” heading in the outline below. a) Your concluding sentence should be your thesis restated in different words. 5) Make sure to complete reference portion of the outline.

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Persuasive Essay Outline Introductory Paragraph: Hook: Education reform regarding funding for schools and teacher salaries are always a topic of discussion.

Background and contextual information: While education reform covers a wide spectrum of topics increased funding for schools is an important one. Increased funding won’t

Thesis Sentence: There needs to be increased funding for schools allowing for teachers’ salaries to be comparable to that of other professions and not based on merit pay, standardized test scores, or performance evaluations as well as increased funding to ensure that all students have the same advantages no matter what their social or economic statuses are.

Supporting paragraph 1 (Subtopic 1)

Persuasive Topic Sentence (include position and align with first subtopic): Funding for schools needs to be increased to enable teachers’ salaries to be raised making their pay comparable to other college-educated professionals.

Detail A: First and foremost education reform for teachers’ salaries are needed to ensure that all teachers receive a decent salary comparable to other college-educated professionals. College education as well as experience need to be the basis on which teacher salaries are determined just as with professionals in other fields.

Detail B: Low teacher pay can make it difficult to retain and recruit strong educators and is a factor in many teachers to often relocate or leave the profession all together. (Long 2019) Recruiting strong educators being so difficult sometimes leads to having to hire teachers with emergency credentials, these teachers are the least qualified teachers. (Sutcher, DarlingHammond, and Carver-Thomas 2-16) Low pay makes it difficult for them to provide for their families and sometimes requires them to hold a second job.

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Detail C: How schools are funded needs to be reformed as well. According to the United State Census Bureau (2017), in 2015, state governments provided about 47% of public school funding, 45% was provided by local sources such as taxes, and only about 8% was contributed by the federal government resulting in wealthy areas receiving more funding than districts in poor regions.

Transitional sentence: Increased funding for schools is not only important for increasing teachers’ salaries but it is also important so that schools can provide the necessary resources for teachers so that all students will be given and equal opportunity for a quality education.

Supporting paragraph 2 (Subtopic 2) Persuasive Topic Sentence (include position and align with second subtopic): Merit pay needs to be a one-time award presented yearly based upon performance in the classroom and not on standardized test scores.

Detail A: Secondly, educational reform needs to address merit pay which is often determined based upon a teacher’s performance in the classroom which may include students’ performance on standardized test, weekly classwork, and yearly teacher evaluations. There is no other profession that is paid based upon performance. Trade workers are paid when a job is completed not on the outcome and other professions may be paid based on performance but not based on the measures of client outcomes.

Detail B: Guidelines and measures for receiving “merit pay” is not consistent and varies from year to year and sometimes county to county. Although “merit pay” is not a new thing and has been around for many years it can have both a positive and a negative effect on teachers’ performances. These measures need to be reformed with the input from teachers on just who, what, and how they will be awarded.

Detail C: Merit pay programs can often be biased and sometimes excludes certain teachers from being eligible to receive the award. When based on performance evaluations and students test scores not all factors are taken into consideration. First year teachers, classes with special education students or even classes that have gifted students, how do you determine who is qualified in a fair or unbiased way?

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Transitional sentence: While merit pay can be something used in addition to increasing teachers’ salary schedules it should not be used as the only method of pay increase for them.

Supporting paragraph 3 (Subtopic 3)

Persuasive Topic Sentence (include position and align with third subtopic): Last but not least, funding for schools needs to be increased so that all students have the same advantages no matter what their social or economic statuses are.

Detail A: Educational reform with regards to funding for schools should be readdressed so that every student has the same educational advantages as the next regardless of social or economic statuses happen to be. The lack of funds often lead to higher dropout rates and lower graduation rates.

Detail B: Schools serving large percentages of socioeconomically disadvantaged students often lack instructional resources and qualified teachers due to inadequate funding. This in turn leads to low graduation rates and lower test scores (Learning Policy Institute 2018).

Detail C: Equitable funding for public schools should also include funds to create high-quality preschools so that all students have equal advantages regardless of demographics or socioeconomically statuses. High-quality preschools would give students a good start to completing their academic journey with highly qualified teachers and the resources needed to succeed.

Transitional Sentence: Increased funding for schools would allow for the needed resources to ensure that every student had the same opportunities regardless of demographics.

Conclusion Paraphrase thesis statement (restated in different words): Therefore funding for schools need to be increased to allow teachers’ salaries to be raised causing it to be comparable to salaries to those in other professions and not solely based upon merit pay, standardized test scores, and/or © 2016. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.

performance evaluations as well as providing funding to ensure that all students have the same advantages no matter what their social or economic statuses are.

Summarize main points: Increased funding for schools will provide funding for teacher salaries to be comparable to other college-educated professions, provide funds for fair and non-biased merit pay programs, as well as funding for resources to ensure that all students have the same opportunities for a quality education regardless of demographics or economical situations. Final remarks:

References (This will need to be at the top of a new page within essay draft) Organize all references below into a reference list. Be sure the references are in alphabetical order based on the author’s last name, double-spaced. List should be formatted to have hanging indents by ½ an inch, with the first line left justified and all others indented using the paragraph formatting tool. See the APA Style Guide for help with formatting references and citations. Within the essay, this reference page will be on its own page at end of your essay. Please review the grading rubric prior to completing the outline assignment to ensure successful completion.

Goldhaber, D., DeArmond, M., & Deburgomaster, S. (2011). Teacher Attitudes about Compensation Reform: Implications for Reform Implementation. ILR Review, 64(3), 441–463. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1177/001979391106400302

Levin, B. (2011). Eight Reasons Merit Pay for Teachers is a Bad Idea. Our Schools / Our Selves, 21(1), 131–137 Morgan, H. (2020). Making America #1 in Education with Three Reforms. Clearing House, 93(1), 5–11. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/00098655.2019.1685847

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