PHY210 EXPERIMENT VISCOCITY IN FLUID UITM DIPLOMA IN SCIENCE 2019/2020 PDF

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PHYMECHANICS II AND THERMAL PHYSICSLABORATORY REPORT_ODLTITLE : EXPERIMENT 3- VISCOSITY OF FLUIDNAME : RAIHAN SYAFIQAH BINTI RAMLINO ID : 2019277276GROUP : AS1202DDATE SUBMISSION : 10/5/TITLE :Viscocity of FluidOBJECTIVE :To determine the viscosity of water.METHODOLOGY : The mean inner diameter of t...

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PHY210 MECHANICS II AND THERMAL PHYSICS LABORATORY REPORT_ODL

TITLE : EXPERIMENT 3- VISCOSITY OF FLUID NAME : RAIHAN SYAFIQAH BINTI RAMLI NO ID : 2019277276 GROUP : AS1202D DATE SUBMISSION : 10/5/2020

TITLE : Viscocity of Fluid

OBJECTIVE : To determine the viscosity of water.

METHODOLOGY : 1.

The mean inner diameter of the capillary tube was measured by using the travelling microscope.

2.

The capillary length l of the capillary tube was measured using meter ruler.

3.

The capillary tube was cleaned by washing successively in nitric acid, caustic soda and lastly in tap water.

4.

The outlet H of the constant head apparatus A was connected to the cleaned capillary tube, held horizontally (use the spirit level to check levelness of the tube) in a clamp, by a piece of rubber tubing.

5.

The height h of the constant head apparatus A had been make sure adjustable.

6.

The flow of water was turned on and

7.

The height of the constant head apparatus was adjusted so that water issues from the open end of the capillary tube in a succession of drops.

8.

A tiny grease was applied on the underside of the tube to prevent the water from running back along the outside of the tube.

9.

The temperature of the water was checked in the constant head apparatus.

the waste outlet W discharged into the sink was saw

10. In steady flow conditions, the water drop was collected in the empty beaker for about 5 minutes. 11. The collected water was poured in burette and

it’s volume was measured.

12. The vertical height h was recorded. 13. The experiment was repeated for different values of h.

RESULTS : Reading 1

Reading 2

Reading 3

Mean

Capillary tube diameter (cm)

0.09

0.09

0.09

0.09

Capillary tube length, l (cm)

30

30

30

30

No

Height, h (cm)

Volume collected, V (cm3)

Time taken, t (s)

Rate of flow V/t (cm3s-1)

1

30

46

300

0.153

2

25

38

300

0.127

3

20

32

300

0.107

4

15

24

300

0.080

5

10

15

300

0.050

PRE LAB QUESTION 1) What is the relationship between temperature and viscosity. -

Viscosity is inversely proportional to temperature.

2) State the other unit for viscosity. -

Poise,P

DATA ANALYSIS : 1. Plot a graph of Rate of flows V/t (cm3s-1 ) versus height, h (cm)

2. The fact that the graph is a straight line through the origin shows that the rate of flow is directly proportional to the applied pressure (by increasing the height h). From the Poiseuille’s equation, we expect the graph of againts to be a straight line through the origin. Draw the best straight line through the points. Mid point-x = (30 + 25 + 20 + 15 + 10) ÷ 5 = 20 Mid point-y = (0.153 + 0.127 + 0.107 + 0.080 + 0.050) ÷ 5 = 0.103

3. From the gradient of the graph, determine the viscosity of the water, η. (N s m¯²) m = (0.152 - 0) ÷ (29.5 - 0) = 5.15 x 10¯³ cm²s¯¹

DISCUSSION : This experiment was conducted to determine the viscosity of water, η from Poiseuille’s Law. From the graph, we can calculate the value of gradient,m which is (0.152 - 0) ÷ (29.5 - 0) so, the value of gradient,m is 5.15 x 10¯³ cm²s¯¹. From the gradient, we can calculate the viscosity of water.

From the experiment, the value of viscosity of water,η is 1.02 x 10¯³ Pa•s , while the theoritical value is 8.90 × 10¯⁴ Pa•s . From the analysis, we can calculate the percentage error so the percentage error was 1.12%. This value are not acceptable since it was above 10%. So, the results of this experiment were not accurate. Percentage error = ( | (1.02 x 10¯³) - (8.90 × 10¯⁴) | ÷ (8.90 × 10¯⁴) ) x 100%

= 14.61 % There were few possible source of errors during this experiment. The first error is parallax error. The eyes does not perpandicular to the meter ruler while taking the measurement of height. Next is, inaccurate timing of the periods. There is great random error when I was starting and stopping the timer during the experiment. Lastly, is surrounding error which is the water vapour from the surrounding will affect the volume of water. The precaution was been consider to avoid these errors. For the parallax error,the eyes must be perpendicular to the scale while taking the measurement to avoid parallax error. For the innaccurate time of periods, instead of using analog stopwatch I should use digital stopwatch for better results. For the surrounding error, put a cardboard with a small hole on the beaker.

CONCLUSION : The viscosity of water from this experiment is ( 1.02 x 10¯³ ± 0.001) Pa•s....