Pp lab report respiratory laqb task 6 PDF

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lab task 6 for anatomy and physiology 2....

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Laboratory Report

LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Name: Instructor: Date:

Respiratory Volumes Starla D Vaughn Kristen Timmer 08.02.2021

Predictions 1. During exercise TV will decrease 2. During exercise IRV will decrease

3. During exercise ERV will decrease 4. During exercise VC will not change 5. During exercise TLC will not change

Materials and Methods 1. Dependent Variable respiratory volumes 2. Independent Variable level of physical activity [resting or exercising] 3. Controlled Variables sex, age, height

4. Which respiratory volume was calculated? TV,ERV,IRV,RV,IC,FRC, VC, TLC, and minute ventilation 5. What was the purpose of the nose clip? To prevent breathing through their nose and altering results.

Results Table 2: Average Breathing Rates and Lung Volumes

Subject1 Subject2 Subject3 Averages

Breathing Rate 10.6 10.5 10.3 10.5

TV(L) 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5

Resting Values ERV(L) IRV(L) 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4

2.3 2.1 2.2 2.2

RV(L) 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

Breathing Rate 26.4 28.0 29.6 28.0

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TV(L) 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7

Exercising Values ERV(L) IRV(L) 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9

RV(L) 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

Laboratory Report

Comparison of Resting and Exercising Lung Volumes and Breathing Rate L Resting Values

3 2.4

Exercising Values

1. TV 2. ERV 3. IRV 4. RV

1.8 1.2 0.6 0 1

2

3

4

L Resting Values

30 24

Exercising Values

1. Breathing Rate

18 12 6 0 1

1. Did the breathing rate increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? increased.

2. Did the tidal volume increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? increased 3. Did the expiratory reserve volume increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? decreased 4. Did the inspiratory reserve volume increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? decreased

5. Did the inspiratory capacity increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? increased 6. Did the functional residual capacity increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? decreased 7. Did the minute ventilation increase, decrease, or not change with exercise? increased

Table 3: Lung Capacities and Minute Ventilation IC(L)

FRC(L)

Resting Values VC(L) TLC(L)

Minute Ventilation (L)

IC(L)

Subject1 Subject2 Subject3 Averages

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FRC(L)

Exercising Values VC(L) TLC(L)

Minute Ventilation (L)

Laboratory Report

Comparison of Resting and Exercising Lung Capacities and Minute Ventilation L Resting Values

6 4.8

Exercising Values

1. IC 2. FRC 3. VC 4. TLC

3.6 2.4 1.2 0 1

2

3

4

L Resting Values

50 40

Exercising Values

1. Minute Ventilation

30 20 10 0 1

Discussion 1. Explain the change in ERV with exercise. With exercise you breath faster which forces air out of lungs

2. Explain the change in IRV with exercise. You need to breathe heavier and faster which changes IRV.

3. Explain the change in IC with exercise. There was a decrease IC when the TV increases that is a compensation. 4. Explain the change in FRC with exercise. FRC increases with exercise because as RR increases with exercise , then there is a decrease in exhalation time which makes the body increase FRC to meet demands. 5. Explain why RV does not change with exercise. The lungs may not be stressed enough to change. 6. Explain why VC does not change with exercise. During exercise RR increases so you don't breath as deep therefore the amount to exhale would not increase.

7. Explain why TLC does not change with exercise. TLC is at it's maximum capacity. If there was an increase it could cause damage to lungs. 8. During exercise, the depth of respiration increases. Name the muscles involved in increasing the depth of respiration and explain how muscle contraction causes this increase. The Intercostal muscles which stiffens the chest wall during normal breathing to allow for air exchange. 9. Explain the importance of the change in minute ventilation with exercise. This change is essential during exercise because our bodies require extra oxygen when you exercise.

10. Restate your predictions that were correct and give data from your experiment that support them. Restate your predictions that were not correct and correct them with supporting data from your experiment. Laboratory Report/ Starla D Vaughn/ Respiratory Volumes/ Kristen Timmer/ 08.02.2021/ Page [3] of [4]

Laboratory Report

I said TV will decrease but the answer is increased 0.5 to 1.7. The IRV will decrease is correct from 2.3 to 1.9. The ESV will decrease correct from 1.4 to 0.6. That the VC would not change correct and that the TLC would not change correct.

Application 1. During strenuous exercise, TV plateaus at about 60% of VC but minute ventilation continues to increase. Explain how that would occur Minute ventilation continues to increase during exercise because more exchange between 02 and CO2 are exchanged than when you are at rest. The increased RR causes the minute ventilation to increase.

2. Emphysema causes alveolar dilation and destruction of alveolar walls which causes an increase in residual volume with air that cannot be exhaled. Assuming that an individual's TLC does not change, explain why a person with developing emphysema is not short of breath while resting, but becomes short of breath after climbing a flight of stairs. Less oxygen reaches the blood due to damage of alveolar walls. The expired air gets trapped in the lungs resulting in less room for new air. In emphysema the damage to alveolar walls do not accommodate the increased need for 02 during exercise. The increased RR is an attempt to bring more oxygen in. The body at rest has adapted to lower levels of oxygen so no new energy is expended.

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