PSY 341 EXAM II QUIZ PDF

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CHAPTER 5 ACTIVITY 5 1. How was this “change detection” task used to infer the capacity of short-term memory? a. By looking at whether people could remember the color of the squares b. By looking at whether people could remember the location of the squares c. By examining whether people could do the task perfectly d. By examining how many squares were needed before people started making mistakes 2. What does the Luck and Vogel (1997) “change detection” experiment suggest about the capacity of short-term memory (STM? a. Our STM capacity is infinite b. Our STM capacity is very large; we can store around 12 items c. Our STM capacity is quite small; we can store only about 4 items d. Our STM capacity is extremely small; we can store fewer than 4 items QUIZ 5 1. _____ has helped to bolster the idea that _____ is important for holding information for brief periods of time a. Episodic buffering; parietal lobe b. Episodic buffering; prefrontal cortex c. The delayed-response task; parietal lobe d. The delayed-response task; prefrontal cortex 2. Which of the following will likely NOT advance beyond sensory memory? a. A song lyric b. A shopping list X c. A firefly’s glow d. A friend’s greeting X 3. If memory can be seen as a crowded city, what is the central executive? (Central Executive = acts like a bridge, in this case, it is like a dispatch) a. A main street b. A bus dispatcher c. A taxi driver d. A subway car 4. Funahashi and Stokes both focused on which concept relating to memory? a. Delay b. Rotation c. Decay d. Imagery

5. According to the phonological similarity effect, we’re more likely to confuse words or letters that _____ similar. For example, “F” is more likely to be misidentified as _______ a. Sound, “E” b. Sound, “S” c. Look, “E” d. Look, “P’ 6. Remembering a fun family trip to the beach when you were six year old requires recalling a(n) _____ memory from _____ memory a. Semantic; procedural b. Procedural; episodic c. Episodic; long-term d. Semantic; working 7. Currently, it is generally believed that the upper limit for short-term memory is _____ a. Limitless b. 7 plus or minus 2 items c. Between 10 and 14 items d. About 4 items 8. Which of the following terms does NOT reflect Baddeley and Hitch’s concept of working memory? a. Visual b. Unlimited c. Temporary d. Proactive 9. By listing numbers as (212) 555-1234, telephone companies use which technique to help people remember their own and other’s phone numbers? a. Mental rotation b. Chunking c. Digit span d. Phonological similarity 10. According to Broadbent, where does the process of rehearsal take place? a. Central executive b. Short-term memory c. Working memory d. Sensory memory 11. Which of the following likely led early telephone companies to create phone numbers using the format 213-555-1234 rather than a format such as 21776551873-0633295? a. Phonological similarity b. Digit span c. Articulatory rehearsal d. Chunking

12. If someone is showing perseveration, then they’ve likely had damage to the ______ lobe of the brain a. Frontal b. Parietal c. Temporal d. Occipital 13. Suppose someone has told you a phone number, and you’re repeating it over and over again to yourself with the hope that you’ll remember it before you dial the number. This example is a type of a _______ called _____ a. Report method; rehearsal X b. Control process; rehearsal c. Control process; chunking d. Report method; chunking X 14. What is a key function of the phonological loop? a. To fire neurons b. To increase capacity c. To rotate images d. To prevent decay 15. According to Baddeley, the central executive controls _____ a. Sensation b. Attention c. Rotation X d. Perseveration X 16. The trail left by a moving sparkler is an example of the _____ at work a. Short-term memory b. Long-term memory c. Sensory memory d. Visuospatial sketch pad 17. Which of the following will most engage the visuospatial sketch pad? a. Painting a wall b. Doing a jigsaw puzzle c. Building a birdhouse d. Writing a sentence 18. Which of the following will present the greatest challenge for storing in shortterm memory? a. Yellow cubes b. Colored circles c. Striped boxes d. Plaid polygons 19. When you’re trying to understand what your professor is talking about in a lecture, which of the following is LEAST important to aid this process? a. Phonological loop b. Phonological store X

c. Articulatory rehearsal X d. Visuospatial sketch pad 20. What distinguishes working memory from short-term memory? a. Location b. Stimuli c. Speed d. Complexity 21. According to Stokes’s model of activity-silent working memory, where is energy being directed during the silent state? a. Axons b. Synapses c. Dendrites d. Neurons 22. Daneman and Carpenter’s research on reading span looked at differences in memory _____ among individuals a. Structure b. Capacity X c. Buffering d. Rehearsal X 23. While taking this quiz, you are relying on which of the following? a. Iconic memory b. Sensory memory c. Executive memory d. Semantic memory 24. Which of the following student names is least likely to be remembered by a substitute teacher? a. Prab Banrjee b. Carlos Ortiz c. James Fontana d. Elkaterian Konikova 25. Iconic memory is to echoic memory as ______ is to _____ a. Sound; vision b. Vision; sound c. Short-term memory; long-term memory d. Long-term memory; short-term memory 26. At the point in time, what is considered the primary function of the episodic buffer? a. Controlling processes b. Accelerating processes X c. Storing information d. Sorting information X 27. According to the activity-silent working memory model, neurons fire _____

a. b. c. d.

At remembering and the synaptic state Only at stimulus input At stimulus input and remembering Only at remembering

28. When you go to the movies, how many distinct stimuli are being registered by your sensory memory each second? a. 7 X b. 12 c. 24 d. 96 X 29. Suppose you’re shown five rows containing five letters each. You’re than told to recall only one roll of letters. In doing so, you’re utilizing _____ a. Persistence of vision b. The whole report method c. The delayed partial report method d. The partial report method 30. Which of the following has the shortest rate of decay? a. An exit sign b. A finger snap c. A trumpet note d. An opera aria

CHAPTER 6 ACTIVITY 6 1. What distinguishes implicit memory from explicit memory? a. Implicit memory involves remembering facts, but explicit memory involves conditioning b. Explicit memory is accessible to conscious awareness, but implicit memory is not c. Explicit memory involves skill learning, but implicit memory does not d. Implicit memory is accessible to conscious awareness, but explicit memory is not 2. What has the study of hippocampal brain damage taught us about implicit memory? a. Even without the brain areas necessary for implicit memory, explicit memories can be created b. Even without conscious awareness, implicit memories can be created c. Even without the brain areas necessary for explicit memory, implicit memories can be created d. Even without conscious awareness, explicit memories can be created QUIZ 6 1. What is the upper limit for holding information in long-term memory? a. About 15 seconds b. About 10 years c. About 25 years d. No limit 2. There is contemporary research that, in addition to the hippocampus, structures in the _____ lobe may be linked with _____ memory a. Temporal; long-term (only) b. Temporal; long- and short-term c. Occipital; long-term (only) d. Occipital; long- and short-term 3. Which stimulus is most likely to be semantically coded? a. A hot dog b. A toy dog c. A photo of a dog d. A barking dog (most generalized) 4. Identifying voxels in an fMRI scan that light up when a person sees a photo of a particular scene for the first time is an example of _____ a. Remember/ know processing b. Physiological coding c. Mental time travel d. Proactive interference

5. Which of the following would be an example of auditory coding in long-term memory? a. Visualizing what the White House looked like when you saw it last summer b. Recalling the general plot of a novel you read last week c. A song you have heard many times before, repeating over and over in your mind d. Representing the sounds of letters in the mind just after hearing them 6. Suppose you recall that you had a pleasant conversation with a cashier the other day when you went to get coffee. This memory should be viewed as primarily being _______ a. Semantic b. Autobiographical c. Procedural d. Episodic 7. Which of the following would be an example of mental time travel? a. Thinking about how you’re going to get through a busy, stressful day b. Recollecting a trip to New York City, where you and a friend climbed to the top of the Statue of Liberty c. Planning ahead for a future vacation to Florida d. Imagining how your life might be in 5 years 8. Regarding a person’s future, episodic memory seems to be ______ a. Inaccurate b. Dissociated c. Adaptive d. Procedural 9. When Javier talks about last night’s basketball game with his friend Carol over coffee, which of the following internal thoughts reflect Javier’s working memory? a. “The price of a latte went up 15 cents.” b. “Carol’s father died recently; be sensitive.” c. “The game was close and exciting.” d. “Carol and I first met working at KFC.” 10. Suppose a subject began recall of a list of words after counting backwards for 30 seconds. What would be the likely consequence of doing this? a. It would illustrate the primacy and recency effects X b. The words would be more likely to enter into long-term memory X c. The primacy effect is eliminated d. The recency effect is eliminated 11. When the police ask the victim of a crime to look through mugshots of past criminals, they hope that the victim’s ______ will help them to identify and arrest a suspect a. Coding b. Recognition

c. Semanticization X d. Recall X 12. Which of the following deserves credit for the recency effect? a. Episodic memory b. Semantic memory c. Short-term memory (STM) d. Long-term memory (LTM) 13. The accuracy of recalling items in a list decreases as the length of the list increases due to which of the following? a. Abstraction b. Distraction c. Semanticization X d. Dissociation X 14. Primacy effect is to recency effect as _____ is to _____ a. Beginning; end b. End; beginning c. Recall; recognition d. Recognition; recall 15. Which of the following statements best reflects Tulving’s concept of semantic memory? a. I live it X b. I know it c. I sense it d. I feel it X 16. What criterion did Tulving use to define the difference between semantic memories and episodic memories? a. Veracity b. Time c. Experience d. Location 17. Ronnie told his friend Sasha, “Last Thursday when it got below freezing and the roads were icy, I went to that new sushi place on Rte 38 for the $12.99 allyou-can-eat special.” Which part of Ronnie’s autobiographical memory is episodic? a. The dinner special cost $12.99 b. I had dinner at the sushi place c. The sushi place is on the Rte. 38. X d. Roads get icy below 32 degrees X

18. Political propaganda is an effective tool to manage and control the public due to the effect of _____ a. Coding b. Priming c. Semanticization d. Conditioning 19. Which of the following deserves credit for the primacy effect? a. Position b. Semantics c. Coding d. Rehearsal 20. After spending all day at the library, Kathy said, “My brain is stuffed. I can’t study anymore. Nothing I read is sticking.” Kathy is experiencing _____ inference a. Restrictive b. Semantic c. Episodic d. Proactive 21. Which of the following types of exam questions is an example of recognition memory? a. Fill-in-the-blank b. Multiple-choice c. Short answer d. Essay 22. Abby has traveled away from home and has no memory of events and other personal details about her life. Based on this information, it appears that she suffers from _____ a. Amnesia b. Psychogenic fugue c. Alzheimer’s disease d. Dissociative identity disorder 23. Which term best reflects the aspect of memory that people lose with age? a. Experience b. Knowledge X c. Sensation d. Semantics X 24. When you just ride a bike without consciously thinking about how to do so, this illustrates _____ memory a. Procedural b. Explicit c. Semantic d. Episodic

25. The fact that different types of memory share mechanisms falls under the category of memory ______ a. Dissociation b. Interaction c. Division d. Specialization 26. Which of the following memories would NOT be an example of long-term memory? a. Acknowledging that you just sat down b. Remembering your first day of kindergarten c. Recollecting what you had for breakfast an hour ago d. Recalling a family vacation from 10 years ago 27. All of the following illustrate implicit memory EXCEPT _____ a. Semantic knowledge b. Priming c. Conditioning d. Procedural memory 28. What tool did doctors use to measure the short-term memory capacity of KF following his motorcycle accident? a. Mirror drawing b. Digit lists c. Word lists d. Novel faces 29. Henry Molaison’s inability to form lasting memories was the result of removing which part of his brain? a. Hypothalamus b. Hippocampus c. Corpus Callosum d. Amygdala 30. Why does counting backwards after reciting a list of words eliminate the recency effect? a. The first words are sent to STM b. The first words are lost in LTM c. The last words are sent to LTM d. The last words are lost in STM...