Psych 1010 Notes Encoding and Storage PDF

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Psych 1010 Notes: Memory Encoding and Storage 

Memory: persistence of learning over time via the storage and retrieval of information.

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Processes of Memory

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Encoding: processing of information into the memory system.

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Attention.

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Storage: retention of encoded information over time.

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Retrieval: process of getting information out of storage.

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Encoding: Automatic v. Effortful

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Automatic Processing (implicit memories): quick, unconscious encoding of incidental and well-learned information.

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Effortful Processing (explicit memories): slower, requires attention & conscious effort.

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Encoding: Sensory Memory

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Sensory Memory: immediate, initial recording of sensory information in the memory system.

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Encoding/Storage: Short-Term/Working Memory

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Short-term/Working Memory: processing of briefly stored information.

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Capacity: 7 +/- 2 items.

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Chunking helps.

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Duration: about 20 seconds.

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Imagery and Encoding

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Imagery: powerful aid to effortful processing.

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Storage: Long-Term Memory

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Long Term Memory: relatively permanent & limitless storehouse of the memory system.

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LTM Subsystems

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Procedural Memory (cerebellum)—w/o conscious recall.

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Declarative Memory (hippocampus)

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Episodic Memory—personally experienced events.

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Semantic Memory—facts, general knowledge.

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Long Term Memory

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Stress hormones: amygdala and hippocampus activity increases.

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Flashbulb Memories

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