Quiz 10 Study Guide PDF

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Quiz 10 Study Guide. Given a set of questions to know and includes answers pulled from readings....

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Q "Single-subject research is experimental rather than correlational or descriptive, and its purpose is to document causal, or functional, relationships between independent and dependent variables. Single-subject research employs within- and between-subjects comparisons to control for major threats to internal validity and requires systematic replication to enhance external validity (Martdia, Nelson, & Marchand-Martella, 1999).” 1. What does the authors mean by the following: - "The individual participant is the unit of analysis” - Each participant generates a single score rather than a group generating a single score - the individual serves at their own control and the data is compared to data collected before intervention - “baseline/comparison condition” - data that is collected on the dependent variable before the interventions is administered in the study - must measure the dependent variable in sufficient detail to predict future response - is used to compare the effects of the intervention to compare with intervention conditions 2. How can a single subject research design control for threats to internal validity without the use of a control group? (Hint: See the section titled “Experimental Control.” Refer to Figure 1 as you read the section.) When a design documents three demonstrations of the experimental effect at three different point in time with a single participant or across different participants 1) An introduction and with withdrawal of the independent variable 2) The staggered introduction of the independent variable at different point in time 3) The iterative manipulation of the independent variable across observation periods 3. How is “social validity”/“practicality" enhanced in single-subject research designs? (Hint: See the section titled “Social Validity” *and* the last section in Table 1.) - Emphasis on the selection of dependent variables that have high social importance - Demonstration that the independent variable can be applied with fidelity by typical intervention agents (teacher/parent) in typical intervention contexts - Demonstration by the typical intervention agents that - procedures are acceptable - are feasible with available resources - the procedure is effective - and will continue after support is withdrawn - Demonstration that the interventions produced an effect that met the define clinical need 4. Provide three reasons why single-subject research is particularly appropriate for use in the field of special education. Name another area where you believe this same research approach would be appropriate/beneficial. Briefly justify your choice. Special Education has a) The individual student as the unit of concern b) Active intervention c) Practical procedures that can be used in typical school, home and community context Single subject research - Focuses on the individual - Provides a practical methodology for testing educational and behavioral interventions - Provides a practical research methodology for assessing experimental effects under

typical educational conditions Allow testing of conceptual theory Cost-effective approach to identifying educational and behavioral interventions that are appropriate for large scale analysis Psychology - Allows for the individual subject to be their own control - focus on the individual - Applies for assesment of behavioral interventions - Allows for testing of conceptual theory -...