\"Reproduction\" Response Paper 1 PDF

Title \"Reproduction\" Response Paper 1
Course Critical Approaches
Institution Columbia University in the City of New York
Pages 4
File Size 81.8 KB
File Type PDF
Total Downloads 79
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response paper
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Pr o f e s s o rAl e xPi t t ma n

Me l a ni eShi-ms 51 6 4

Re pr o d u c t i o n so ft h eTe r m“ Re p r od u c t i on ” :Cr i t i c a lApp r o a c h e sRe s p o n s ePa p e r#1

Th et e r m“ r e p r o du c t i on ”r e f e r smo s tg e ne r a l l yt oap r oc e s so fma ki n gac o p y;s o me t hi n g t h a ti s“ r e p r o d u c e d ”i se s s e n t i a l l yd u pl i c a t e do rmu l t i pl i e di ns o mewa y . Thes o c i a la n dc u l t u r a l t h e or i s t sweh a v er e a da n de x a mi n e ds of a rh a v eu s e d“ r e p r o du c t i o n ”i nc o nt e xt sr a ng i n gf r om “ s oc i a lr e p r o d u c t i o n , ”e q u a t a b l ewi t h“ r e p r o d u c t i o no ft h er e l a t i o nso fp r o d u c t i o n ”t o , mo r e s p e c i fic a l l y , “ r e pr o d u c t i o no fl a b o rp o we r ”a n d“ r e p r o d u c t i o no fc a p i t a l . ”Th r o ug ht h e i rs pe c i fic a p p l i c a t i o n so ft h et e r m“ r e p r o d u c t i o n , ”t h e s et h e or i s t sh a v ea r t i c u l a t e dt he i ro wnc o n c e p t s .By r e a d i n gt h e i rt e x t s , t h e r e f o r e , weg a i na c c e s st oav a r i e t yo fc r i t i c a la p p r o a c h e st h a twema ya p p l y i no u ro wns o c i a la n dc u l t u r a la n a l y s i soft h ewor l da r o u n du s .

Ma r xh i ms e l ffir s ti nt r o d uc e sr e p r o d u c t i o ni nc o n t e x to fs o c i a lr e pr o d u c t i o n ,o r r e p r o d u c t i o noft h es oc i a lr e l a t i o n so fp r o du c t i on . I n“ Th eSe c r e to fPr i mi t i v eAc c u mu l a t i o n , ” Ma r xe x p l a i n s : Th ec a p i t a l i s ts y s t e mp r e s u p p o s e st h ec o mp l e t es e p a r a t i o no ft hel a b ou r e r sf r om a l l pr o p e r t yi nt h eme a n sb ywh i c ht h e yc a nr e a l i z et h e i ro wnl a b o r .Ass o ona sc a p i t a l i s t pr o d u c t i o ni so n c eo ni t so wnl e g s[ a f t e rp r i mi t i v ea c c u mu l a t i o n ] ,i tn o to n l yma i n t a i n s t h i ss e p a r a t i o n , b u tr e p r o d u c e si to nac o n t i n u a l l ye xt e n d i n gs c a l e .( 43 2 ) Th i se ffe c t i v e l ys a y st ha tc a pi t a l i s m’ sc o n t i n u e dr e i g ni sc o nt i n g e n to nt h er e p r o d u c t i ono fs o c i a l r e l a t i o n si nwh i c hwo r k e r sa r ed i s po s s e s s e do fe v e r yt h i n gbu tt h e i rl a b o rp o we r . Th e s es o c i a l r e l a t i o n sa r en e c e s s a r i l yh i e r a r c h i c a la n de xp l o i t a t i v e :i nt h e m, c a pi t a l i s t sc o n t r o lc a p i t a lwh i l e wo r k e r sc a no n l ya c c e s st h e i ro wnl a b orp o we r .

Pr o f e s s o rAl e xPi t t ma n

Me l a ni eSh i-ms 5 1 6 4

I n“ Wa g eLa b o ura ndCa p i t a l , ”Ma r xe l a b o r a t e st h a tc a p i t a l i s t / wor k e ra n dt h e i rt oo l s , c a p i t a l / l a bo rp o we r“ r e c i pr o c a l l yc o n d i t i ont h ee x i s t e n c eofe a c hot h e r ;t h e yr e c i p r o c a l l yb r i n g f or t he a c ho t h e r ”( 2 0 9 2 1 0 ) . Ca p i t a la n dl a b o rpo we ra r et wos i d e so ft h es a mer e l a t i o no f p r o d uc t i o n. Wec a nt h u ss u b d i v i det her e p r o d uc t i o no ft h es o c i a lr e l a t i o nso fp r o d u c t i o ni n t o1 ) t h er e p r od u c t i o nofc a p i t a la nd2 )t h er e p r od u c t i ono fl a b o rp o we r .

I n“ Th eRe p r od u c t i o no fLa b o rPo we ri nt heGl o ba lEc o no mya n dt heUn fin i s h e d Fe mi ni s tRe v o l u t i o n ” , Si l v i aFe d e r i c it u r n st h i ss e c o ndc a t e g o r y , t h er e p r o d u c t i o no fl a b o rp o we r , i n t oas i t ef r o m wh i c hs h el a un c h e saf e mi n i s tc r i t i q u eo fMa r x . Fe d e r i c ia r g u e st ha tMa r x , l i k e c o n t e mp or a r yne o l i be r a l s , a s s u me st h a t“ a l lt h a ti sn e e de dt o( r e ) p r o d u c el a b o rp o we ri s c o mmo di t yp r o du c t i ona n dt h ema r k e t ”( 93 ) . Wh e nd i s c us s i n gt h er e p r o d u c t i o no fl a b o rp o we r , Ma r xf a i l st ot a k ei n t oa c c ou n tt her o l et h a tr e p r od u c t i v el a b or ,wh i c hi n c l u d e st h ed o me s t i c l a b o r , e mo t i o n a ll a b o r , a ndb i o l o g i c a lr e p r o d u c t i o nc on d u c t e dl a r g e l yb yf e ma l e s , p l a y si ni t . I r o n i c a l l y , Ma r x ’ sv i e wo fwh a tt h er e p r o d u c t i o no fl a b o rp o we rn e c e s s i t a t e si ss h a p e db y c a p i t a l i s to r g a n i z a t i o n . Fe de r i c ip r o p o s e si n s t e a dt h a tr e p r o du c t i v el a b o rp l a y sav i t a lr o l ei n s u s t a i n i n gt h ec i r c u i to fp r o d u c t i o ny e ts i mu l t a n e ou s l yg e t sma s ke dwi t hi ni t , s ot h a ts i n g l e mo t h e r s , h o us e wi v e s , a ndo t h e ra ffe c t i v el a bo r e r sa r en o td u l yc o n s i de r e dpa r to ft h ewo r ki n g c l a s s . Ont h ec o n t r a r y ,t h ec a p i t a l i s t c i r c u i to fpr o d u c t i o nc o u l dn o t f u n c t i o nwi t h o u tf e ma l e s ’ r e p r o d u c t i v ewo r k t hu s , r e p r o d u c t i v es t r u g g l e so u g h tt ob er e t h o u gh t o fa sv i t a lt ol a r g e rs o c i a l mo v e me n t s . I mp or t a nt l y , Fe d e r i c il o c a t e st h i sf e mi ni s tc r i t i c i s m, a n dt h ev e r yd e fin i t i o no fwh a t r e p r o d u c t i v el a b o rdo e s w , i t h i nt h ef r a me wo r ko ft h er e p r o d u c t i o no fl a b o rp owe r .

Pr o f e s s o rAl e xPi t t ma n

Me l a ni eSh i-ms 5 1 6 4

Me a n wh i l e , Lo u i sAl t h u s s e rt a k e sas t e pa wa yf r o m Ma r x ’ st woc a t e g o r i e so ft he r e p r o d u c t i o nofl a b o rpo we ra n dt her e p r o du c t i o no fc a p i t a l a n db r i n g st h es o c a l l e d “ r e p r o d u c t i o noft h ec o n d i t i on so fp r o d u c t i o n ”i n t oh i sp u r v i e wi n s t e a d . Th e s ec o n d i t i o n so f p r o d uc t i o nAl t h u s s e rd i v i d e si nt o1 )“ p r o d u c t i v ef or c e s ”a n d2 )“ e x i s t i n gr e l a t i o n so fp r o d u c t i o n ” ( 2 ) , b o t ho fwh i c hmu s tb er e pr o d u c e dt os u s t a i nt h ewh o l ec a p i t a l i s ts y s t e m. Sp e c i fic a l l y , t h e r e p r o d u c t i o noft h el a t t e r t h ee x i s t i n gr e l a t i o n so fpr o d u c t i o n s e r v e sa sas p r i n g b oa r df r o m wh i c hAl t h u s s e rf o r mu l a t e sh i st h e o r yo ft h eRe p r e s s i v eSt a t eAp p a r a t u s e sa n dt h eI d e o l o gi c a l St a t eAp p a r a t u s e s . I d e o l o g i c a lSt a t eAp p a r a t u s e s , i n c l u d i n gt her e l i g i o us , e d u c a t i o n a l , f a mi l i a l , l e ga l , a ndc ul t u r a la p p a r a t u s e s , “ l a r g e l ys e c u r et her e p r od u c t i o ns p e c i fic a l l yoft her e l a t i o n sof p r o d uc t i o n, b e h i nda‘ s h i e l d ’p r o v i d e db yt h er e p r e s s i v eSt a t ea pp a r a t us ”( 2 4 ) . Th e s eI d e o l o g i c a l St a t eAp p a r a t u s e sc on t a i nt h er u l i n gi d e o l o gy , t h ei de ol o g yo ft heb o u r g e o i s i er u l i ngc l a s s , a n d f u n c t i o nt h r o ug hi t ;b ye x t e n s i o n ,t h er o l eo fi d e ol og yi st ohe l pr e pr o d u c et h ee x i s t i n gr e l a t i o n s o fp r od u c t i on , t h a to fi n e q u a l i t yb e t we e nc l a s s e s . I ti st h u st h a tAl t hu s s e rus e st h ed i s c u s s i o no f t h er e p r od u c t i o noft h ec o n d i t i o n sofp r o d uc t i o nt op r e s e n th i st h e o r yo fi d e o l o g ya n di d e o l o g i c a l s t a t ea p p a r a t u s e s . Th i st h e o r y , i nt u r n , p r o vi d e suswi t hap r o v o c a t i v eme a nso ft h i n ki n ga b o u t h o wwec o n c e i v eo ft h ewo r l da ss u b j e c t si nas o c i e t yi nwh i c hi d e o l o gyde fin e so u rwa yo f r e l a t i n gt oo u rma t e r i a lr e a l i t i e s .

Pr o f e s s o rAl e xPi t t ma n

Me l a ni eSh i-ms 5 1 6 4

Wo r k sCi t e d Althusser, Louis. "Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses." On Ideology. London: Verso, 2008. N. pag. Print. Federici, Silvia. "The Reproduction of Labor Power in the Global Economy and the Unfinished Feminist Revolution." Revolution at Point Zero: Housework, Reproduction, and Feminist Struggle. Oakland, CA: PM, 2012. N. pag. Print. Tucker, Robert C., Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels. "Chapter Twenty-Six: The Secret of Primitive Accumulation." The Marx-Engels Reader. New York: Norton, 1978. N. pag. Print. Tucker, Robert C., Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels. "Wage Labour and Capital." The MarxEngels Reader. New York: Norton, 1978. N. pag. Print....


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