Rizal PARK Redevelopment CASE Study PDF

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Summary

CHAPTER 1IntroductionThis chapter contains existing condition of the site, definition of the context area and what is within the area.Existing Condition of SiteRizal Park also known as Luneta Park, is a historic urban park located in Ermita, Manila, Philippines which is considered as one of the larg...

Description

CHAPTER 1 Introduction This chapter contains existing condition of the site, definition of the context area and what is within the area.

Existing Condition of Site Rizal Park also known as Luneta Park, is a historic urban park located in Ermita, Manila, Philippines which is considered as one of the largest urban parks in Asia, covering an area of 58 hectares (140 acres). It has been a favorite spot for relaxing, unwinding, bonding and socializing. Luneta is an urban oasis which has been a good place for family picnics on weekends and holidays. It is one of the major tourist attractions of Manila City. Rizal Park has gardens, historical markers, plazas, a grand stadium, an observatory, an open-air concert hall, an artists' sanctuary, a lightand-sound theatre, restaurants, food kiosks and playgrounds, and dozens of fountains. There are several nearby tourist spots like the Manila Ocean Park, Manila Planetarium, and National Museum of the Philippines.

Panorama caption of Rizal Park

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Directory of Rizal Park

The park is divided into three sections: Northeastern Section: This 16-hectare (40-acre) section is designated as the National Museum Complex which includes the Agrifina Circle, and where the National Museum of Natural History and the National Museum of Anthropology are located. Central Section: Located south of Maria Orosa Street is the 22-hectare (54-acre) park proper that extends down up to Roxas Boulevard. This is where the Rizal Monument and several attractions such as the Open-Air Auditorium, Independence Flagpole, Central Musical and Dancing Fountain are located.

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Southwestern Section: Includes the Burnham Green, a 10-hectare (25-acre) open field, the Quirino Grandstand and the Manila Ocean Park along Manila Bay

Context area

14°34′57″N 120°58′42″E

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The land use pattern of the surrounding area is predominately commercial. A mixture of historical, residential, school and health facilities.

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To the North

Manila Bulletin

Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila 5

To the East

SM Manila

LRT 6

To the South

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To the West

Manila Ocean Park

Quirino Grand Stand

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CHAPTER 2 STRATEGIC ANALYSIS This chapter contains comprehensive list and discussion of the issues and challenges related to the topic and strategies.

Site analysis The Site Analysis illustrates the existing conditions on the site and immediate surrounds. It has been used to inform the basis for the design and development concepts in preparing the Development Plan. Subject Site The Rizal park also is a historic urban park in Asia, covering an area of 58 hectares. It is adjacent to the historic Walled City of Intramuros and situated on the eastern shores of Manila Bay The site is currently closed due to moderate enhance community quarantine cause by the COVID-19 pandemic. Established vegetation is located on the both sides of the site, north and south. Park operations chief Rosalina Tenepere said that based on latest available NPDC inventory, Rizal Park has a total of 3,497 trees with 112 species as of 2015. 527 of the individual trees are Narra.

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According to University of California Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, urban parks improve quality of life and provide "visual and psychological relief" for weary city dwellers. Parks encourage healthy physical activities like sports, and create a sense of community by providing space for interaction and gatherings. Dubbed the "green lungs" of a city, urban parks also offer many environmental benefits. Their trees and plants help cool cities by lowering surface and air temperature. The shade they provide can lower temperature of surfaces by 11 to 25 degrees Celsius. Cooling also happens when water evaporates from soil and transpires from plants. Trees and vegetation lessen air pollution from the heightened commercial activity and traffic of vehicles in urban zones. Along with soil, park greenery mitigates flooding by absorbing water run-off.

These factors can be analyzed, adapted and adopted to make a proposed development 'fit' into its context. This can give meaning to different aspects of a project through reference to its wider surroundings.

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Context Description Summary of the features of context area.

Topograpy: Name:

Rizal Park topographic map, elevation, relief.

Coordinates:

14.58004 120.97570 14.58614 120.98386

Minimum elevation:

0m

Maximum elevation:

108 m

Average elevation:

6m

Manila has been the principal city of the Philippines for four centuries and is the centre of its industrial development as well as the international port of entry. The city has undergone rapid economic development since its destruction in World War II and its subsequent rebuilding; it is now plagued with the familiar urban problems of pollution, traffic congestion, and overpopulation.

Landscape

City site

Manila occupies the low, narrow deltaic plain of the Pasig River, which flows northwestward to Manila Bay. The swampy delta of the southwardflowing Pampanga River lies to the north of the city. Immediately to the northeast and east of the urban region lies a stretch of lowlands, beyond which rise the peaks

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of the southern range of the Sierra Madre. Laguna de Bay, the large lake from which the Pasig River flows, flanks Metropolitan Manila to the southeast. Enclosing Manila Bay to the west is the mountainous Bataan Peninsula. Although the city’s area is constricted, it is an excellent port site because of its sheltered harbour, its access to inland agricultural areas by way of the river, and its relative proximity to the Asian mainland.

Climate

The city is protected from extreme weather conditions by the hills of the Sierra Madre and the mountains of the Bataan Peninsula. The tropical climate is characterized by a wet season that lasts from June to November and by a dry season lasting from December to May. The wettest months are July, August, and September, when thunderstorms are especially common. The average annual rainfall totals about 80 inches (about 2,000 mm). There is little monthly variation from the mean annual temperature, which is in the low 80s F (about 27 °C).

Plant and animal life

The city is dotted with palms, banyans, acacias, and other tropical trees, and bamboo grows in many public parks. Domestic mammals—such as water buffalo, horses, dogs, pigs, and goats—are common, while wild birdlife includes shrikes, doves, and pigeons. Manila Bay abounds with sardines, anchovies, mackerel, tuna, snappers, and barracuda. The city’s natural beauty is marred, however, by air and water pollution caused by the expansion of industry and the growing number of motor vehicles.

City layout

The city is bisected by the Pasig River. It is divided into six administrative divisions that comprise 17 districts. Most of the districts developed from the original fortress city of Intramuros (“Within Walls”) and the 13 villages located outside its walls. About two-thirds of the districts lie to the north of the river and the remaining third lies to the south. The two sections of the city are connected by several bridges. Although business areas are widespread, the districts to the north of the river— especially along the bay and in the city’s west-central region— constitute the chief centres of trade and commerce. The district of San Miguel is the site of Malacañang Palace, the presidential residence; and several universities are located in Sampaloc, on the northeastern edge of the city. Adjacent to the heavily populated districts on the northern shore is Manila North Harbor; Manila South Harbor, the main international port, is on the southern shore. Intramuros is renowned for its 16thcentury San Agustin church as well as for the ruins of its old walls and of Fort Santiago. On the south shore, Ermita and Malate are choice residential districts and the sites of hotels and embassies. The districts to the southeast are generally middle-income residential areas.

Housing

The city has a chronic housing shortage, and tenement housing projects have been constructed by the government to help house the poor. A landmark—if ultimately unsuccessful—project undertaken from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s was the Bagong Lipunan Improvement of Sites and Services (BLISS), initiated by the governor of Metropolitan Manila. To provide homes for squatters, the government 13

also developed resettlement projects in and around Manila that are easily accessible by land motor transportation.

Architecture

Architectural styles reflect American, Spanish, Chinese, and Malay influences. Rizal Park and a number of government buildings were designed by U.S. architect and city planner Daniel H. Burnham. Modern buildings—including multistoried commercial houses and public and private buildings—are commonly made of reinforced concrete and hollow cement blocks.

People

Metropolitan Manila is densely populated and contains a significant proportion of the population of the country. This concentration of people has been brought about by a constant rural-urban migration. The strain on municipal services has had an adverse effect on the quality of life in the urban area. Consequently, various government policies and resettlement projects have been implemented in an effort to address the problem of population density.

Economy

Manufacturing

The diverse manufacturing activities of Manila include textile production, publishing and printing, food and tobacco processing, and chemical processing. Manila also produces lumber and wood items, rope and cordage, soap, and other goods. 14

Factories generally are small and are located mostly in the congested districts of Tondo (which also has the railroad and truck terminals), Binondo, and Santa Cruz.

Transportation

Within the area of Metropolitan Manila, public transportation is provided principally by buses, jeepneys (small buses built on the chassis of jeeps), and taxis. Traffic congestion is serious, especially at the bridges during the morning and evening rush hours. Adjacent towns serve as dormitory suburbs, and many people commute to the city, adding to the traffic problem. Bus services operate routes to northern and southern Luzon.

Road Traffic

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CHAPTER 3 DESIGN AND PLANNING RECOMMENDATION

A redevelopment would present opportunities to reengage the site with the surrounding area. It would offer improved a hierarchy and network of green spaces by restoring the Manila’s national parks to their former glory. There is also an opportunity to make better use of the site by restoring the buildings that is more sympathetic to its historic setting and could make positive contribution to the conservation. In general, the site could support increased density taking into account the contextual sensitivities and constraints of the site. Existing conditions of the site will not be taken for granted as it is preserved as a part of its historic nature. The goal of redevelopment is to gives people access to nature especially the kids “It’s where our young people, whom Dr. Rizal said are the hope of our Motherland, must have free access to scientific study of the exotic trees and the Philippines’ flora and fauna,” Ultimately, Rizal Park must remain a true people’s park where Filipino families can commune with nature and have fun. The aim is to further showcase the richness and beauty of Philippine plant biodiversity at Rizal Park to help promote tourism that is enjoyable and educational while raising public awareness about the need to conserve the country’s natural resources. Such species of flowers will help liven up the park and marking the trees with signs identifying what these species are.

Having more trees in Rizal Park will also help improve environmental conditions and temper heat, enhancing the area’s capability to promote people's well-being. 17

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), among the benefits of parks and other green urban spaces are facilitating physical activity and relaxation as well as aiding treatment of mental illness.

“Recent estimates show that physical inactivity, linked to poor walkability and lack of access to recreational areas, accounts for 3.3 percent of global deaths,” WHO noted.

In recent years, there are reports that it has become the free refuge for vagrants, a haven for cheap flesh trade. Luneta must be revived again as a modern green park with lush and healthy environment.

Planning

The Proposed Development consists of the restoration of the buildings in the site area and the erection of rain catchment system technology that collects and stores rainwater for human use. Rainwater harvesting systems range from simple rain barrels to more elaborate structures with pumps, tanks, and purification systems. These proposals include associated access, parking, servicing and landscaping proposals. The planning statement concludes accommodation of people to learned about nature and plant species while relaxing and enjoying. The proposals present an opportunity to create a number of economic, social and environmental benefits for the local and wider area.

The site will include a skywalk to present an exceptional opportunity to optimize the use of land, increase the acoustic condition of the site and allow a greater quantum of open space on the site. The site will include a series of indigenous tress and interconnected landscaped spaces through the site including refurbishment of some gardens in the site. 18

Design Strategy Rain catchment system Rainwater harvesting is collecting the run-off from a structure or other impervious surface in order to store it for later use

Waiting Shed

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Bioswale Bioswales are channels designed to concentrate and convey stormwater runoff while removing debris and pollution.

Grass Crete Grass Crete is also known as “sustainable urban drainage”. It is a green alternative standard concrete surface for parking lots, driveway and other access roads giving drainage benefits and improving stormwater absorption. Grass Crete also drains at about 90% the same as the ordinary lawn. Grass Crete contains with 47% concrete and 53% holes filled with grass; it will help to form a natural bio-filter to significantly remove pollutants.

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Site Analysis Opportunities The following provides a summary of the opportunities that have been identified in the analysis process and provides the basis of the design response which has been produces for the site. Key Opportunities: •

The site is a large site as a historic urban site. The site is providing an opportunity to give a relaxing vibe in the middle of a busy city.

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The site is adjacent to major roads allowing people to come and go.

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The west side of the site provides an interface to Manila bay.

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Planting Indigenous trees and plants providing people the knowledge and awareness to the nature.

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Developing the proposed strategies for the redevelopment that will lessen constraints of the site.

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REFERENCES

Nolisoli, (2019, July 18), Restoration of Rizal Park, Inquirer.net Ranada, P. (2013, August 31), Paseo de Manila tourism zone to rise in Luneta Park, Rappler Teves, C. (2019, August 16). NPDC to revive Rizal Park with more indigenous tree Salita, D. (February) Manila, National Capital, Brttanica

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