Samenvatting English for International Tourism compleet - Unit 1 t/m 10 PDF

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Phase 2 Period of June English for Tourism 3: Summary of the course book Unit 1: Trends in tourism Examples of trends in tourism: Traveling with low budget airlines Flashpackers: backpackers who are always connected and traveling with a higher budget Glamping: glamorous camping Sleep cheap and hoste...

Description

Phase 2

Period of June

English for Tourism 3: Summary of the course book

Unit 1: Trends in tourism Examples of trends in tourism:

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Traveling with low budget airlines Flashpackers: backpackers who are always connected and traveling with a higher budget Glamping: glamorous camping Sleep cheap and hostels (e.g. couch surfing) Young travellers who are traveling to further destinations such as the US, Middle East or Australia Exclusive destinations such as Micronesia, Bora Bora, Maldives, etc

Airbnb and Couch Surfing are gaining more popularity:

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People want something new It’s cheaper You are in contact with the local people People want to see more but still keep the same budget

Difference between Airbnb and Couch Surfing: Airbnb

Couch Surfing

Safer / more reliable

Could be more dangerous

More organized

Chaotic

More special accommodation like a villa

Standard accommodation like a usual house

Also the sources of information are changing: - Travel blog - Other peoples opinion - Pictures Traveling might have been damaged by the crisis, still there are new opportunities: - New ideas: people don’t want to give up traveling so they will be looking for new ways - More C2C accommodation

The history of tourism: 1. People have always found reasons to travel • The Olympic Games in Ancient Greece • Pilgrimages to temples in honor of the god of healing and medicine in order to be cured 2. Later the leisure part of traveling came up • Emperor Claudius in Ancien Rome introduced 159 public holidays • The Bay of Naples was a popular destination, usually for 4 days • People bought their transport with street vendors and knew everything about the accommodation before departure 3. During the Middle Ages getting from A to B was often dangerous • Pilgrims traveled long distances to visit the Holy Land or famous shrines as such of the one at Santiago de Compostela • Later there were opportunities to stay overnight in inns and hostelries 4. During the Age of Enlightenment (18th century), young aristocrates traveled around Europe up to 3 years • In order to study great works of art and architecture and to improve their education • Known as the Grand Tour and took place in Paris, Florence, Rome and Venice 5. Thomas Cook (19th century) • Tourism in the modern sense

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First short organized trips In 1845 Thomas Cook chartered a train for a 150 km pre-paid accommodation and a list of department stores to visit • After that he was taking parties in Switzerland, Italy, Egypt and the US on all-in tours 6. Early 20th century: golden age for the luxury cruise industry • Places like Havana, Miami and Beirut had a ship in port with passengers on “cruise and stay” • Holidays abroad were still for the wealthy people until the seventies and eighties • Mass tourism takes off

Tourist motivation:

- To escape from the daily routine - To realize an ambition - To acquire social status Push and pull factors: Push factors

Pull factors

Honeymoon

Special events: e.g. Olympic Games

Bad weather

Easy to reach

Desire for adventure

Cheaper cost of living

Activities you can’t do at home

Attractive destination

Example: China: Push factors

Pull factors

Culture

Distance of traveling

Gastronomy

Gastronomy

Architecture

Communication troubles

Mystery

Lack of hygiene

Legends and history

Very crowd cities with a lot of traffic

BRIC - countries: Brazil Russia India China - New countries for tourism - New target group - New accommodation - Becoming more attractive

Grammar: Continuous aspect: => To talk about an action in progress at the moment of speaking 1. Present continuous: • To talk about situations that are changing, developing or progressing ‣ “The High Street retail travel agent hasn’t disappeared yet but is disappearing“

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‣ “Governments in emerging countries are trying to attract foreign direct investment” ‣ “People are living under increased levels of stress” Present perfect continuous: • To describe a situation or activity that started in the past and has been in progress for a period until now ‣ “So, are there any trends that have been emerging over the last ten years or so?” ‣ “The number of people over 55 has been increasing steadily in Europe” Past continuous: • To describe past events repeated over time ‣ “A few years ago people were saying that the future lay in space travel” Continuous forms with modal verbs: • You can also use the passive ‣ “People who go on a round-the-world cruise may be fulfilling a dream” ‣ “In emerging countries remote areas are being opened up and jobs are being created” —> passive form Continuous forms: • To indicate that the event or situation in unfinished ‣ “People are increasingly looking for a meaning to their lives” ‣ “I don’t think that any tourists will be staying on the moon in foreseeable future” When you don’t use the continuous: • With stative verbs like agree, believe, belong, depend, know, prefer, understand, want, etc • BUT! Sometimes these verbs go indeed with a continuous aspect when they have en active meaning or emphasize an ongoing situation ‣ She loves her work and thinks it’s useful ‣ She says she’s loving her holiday and is thinking of staying an extra week ๏ Her holiday is not over and she hasn’t decided yet

Professional skills: Using visuals: Ideas of visuals: - Publicity - Videos - Symbols and icons - Photos Describing visuals: This is a bar chart, the blue bars are called columns.

This is a pie chart, the pieces are named slices, parts or segments.

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Period of June This is a line chart.

This is a table (chart), the segments are called columns. —> “Every year is put in columns.”

Representing statistics: - Mention the form of the chart - Be as specific as possible - Mention details Introduction This bar chart… This pie chart… The red segment… The line graph… The table…

Verb represents indicates shows illustrates highlights displays introduces breakdowns refers expresses exhibits states portrays

Topic the number of arrivals visitor arrivals the number of visitors… the percentage change of residents entering in

Circumstances in the world for the period of question during the first semester over the last few years by land, air and sea

Case study: Tailor a package: Generation X and Y: Difference: - Level of education - Use of mobile devices - Budget - Interests

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First time traveling abroad —> Status symbol —> Price factor

Often business trips

Mostly from Shanghai or Beijing

They are coming from more remote places and other cities

They look after their budget

They are going to luxury hotels

They visit the most famous places at their destination

They focus on the more authentic experience —> Nice tourism

Key elements: - Period of birth of the generation - The motivation to travel - Where they come from and how that changed - Accommodation preferences - People have become more affluent - The disposal income has risen

Unit 2: Get the message Advertising and publicity: Advertisement is a picture, set of words or a short film intended to persuade people to buy a product or use a service. Publicity is the free content about a person or a company that appears in the media. Advertising is the content you pay for on TV, in newspapers, on the web, etc. There is good and bad publicity: Good publicity: Facebook going to Wall Street Bad publicity: Acid attack at Delhaize Good/bad website: Good

Bad

Search engine

Unmatching colors

Clear way to contact the company

Every click opens a new tab

User friendly

Full text

Structured menu

Pictures chosen without care

Links to social media

Requirement to log in

Correct spelling

Not up to date

Well-structured text

Hardly no interaction with the reader: - Q&A - FAQ

Presence of pictures Well-selected words

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Grammar: Countable and uncountable nouns: Countable nouns: = refer to things, people and ideas that ar perceived as “one” or “more than one” 1. Countable nouns include: • Individual objects • Places • Professions ‣ There’s a lake nearby where your can hire a boat ‣ She’s a receptionist • Units of measurements (a metre, a mile, a liter, etc) ‣ A pound weights less than a kilo 2. Use countable nouns with a/an or in the plural: ‣ Hotels situated near an exhibition centre are usually booked well in advance 3. Countable nouns follow words like: • Many • These • Those • Several • Few • A few ‣ We have several rooms vacant at the moment ‣ Very few people come here in low season Uncountable nouns: = refer to things that are treated as invisible wholes and not as separate objects 1. Uncountable nouns include: • Food and drink, seen as a whole and not as individual units ‣ The Italians are famous fro their pasta ‣ I never have milk or sugar in my coffee • Substances or materials (glass, gold, marble, plastic, wood, etc): ‣ Ancient Greek sculptures were almost entirely made of marble or bronze • Abstract ideas (employment, health, insurance, progress, safety, etc): ‣ The travel industry is a good source of employment ‣ The legislation on health and safety is very strict • Verbal nouns describing activity (fishing, rafting, sailing, shopping, etc): ‣ Tourist attraction in the region include fishing, bird-watching and hiking in the foothills 2. Uncountable nouns don’t have a plural form and take the singular form from the verb: ‣ Travel broadens the mind ‣ Information is power 3. Uncountable nouns follow words like much, a little and little: ‣ We don’t have much time ‣ There is very little snow in winter and not much rain either 4. You can make an uncountable noun singular or plural by using another word or expression: • Accommodation: a place to live • Advertising: an advertisement/ a commercial • Advice: a piece of advice • Information: a piece of information • Insurance: an insurance policy • Money: a coin/a banknote/a sum • Progress: a step forward • Training: a training course • Travel: an excursion/a journey/a trip/ a voyage • Work: a job/a task

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Role of social media in tourism:

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You can ask the tourists to write a review when they return from their holiday —> publicity Competitions with holidays as a price —> e.g. name an airplane and win a trip to Barcelona Important to share travel stories with other people to stimulate them to do the same trip As inspiration for your next trip

Vocabulary: Web words: Home page

The forst page of a website

Menu

A list a choices which appear on the computer screen

To scroll

To move information up or down on a screen

Layout

The way text and images are set out on a page

Link

A connection from a work or image on a webpage to another webpage

To load

To transfer a program or webpage from a remote server to a computer

Bandwidth

The amount of data that can be transmitted at one time

Cursor

A moving mark or arrow to navigate around a computer screen

Font

The style and size of text displayed on a computer screen

To crash

To stop working completely

Email - Applying for an (international) internship: WHO: - Who are you? • Don’t use “I” or “me” too much • “My name is…” - Who are you writing to? • Make sure you write at the right person ‣ Don’t send to a general email, try to find the right person ‣ Maybe you can call the company (go the extra mile) • If possible, use a name • Show that you know what the company is about (do your homework) ‣ This could be a compliment towards the company WHAT: - What exactly are you looking for? (Job, specific opportunity, …) • Link your skills to the company - Your email is not just about you, the writer, who wants something, but also about the reader, so think about what the reader needs/wants to hear WHY: - Why do you want this internship? - Why this company? - Make sure your motivation is personal and convincing • Use strong vocabulary such as “inspiring” - Why would they pick you? Give them a reason and stand out

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A FEW IMPORTANT THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND: - Email = your profile picture of writing - Surprise and impress —> stand out - The email might be the first step to a job interview - Use a positive tone - Use a proper structure and layout - Don’t write in CAPITALS (it indicates shouting) - Do use correct punctuation - Avoid abbreviations and emoticons - Avoid long sentences - Revise and re-read: read it twice and out loud, let it read by someone else - Use correct language - Don’t take anything for granted, don’t demand and always thank the reader - Pay extra attention to opening and closing - Make a standard letter LANGUAGE: - No spelling mistakes are typos - Always use a spelling checker - Tone: standard = between formal and informal - Use active instead of passive —> less personal - Avoid vague words and sentences such as “I’m good with children” - Use strong verbs and nouns which are specific and have an impact - Use linking words such as “in addition”, “in relation to”, “nevertheless”, etc - Use good adjectives and adverbs, not “good”, “bad” DO’s: - “I am willing to keep learning” —> motivation - “Please let me know” can better be formulated as: • “I am looking forward hearing from you (soon)” • “I am willing to hear from you (soon)” • “I am willing to provide further information” - Strong words like: • I am willing to… • I am sure… • …my skills will be an asset to your company DON’Ts: - Informal language - Too many times “me”, “I”, “mine”, “my” - Don’t use apostrophes - “Thank you in advance” —> too informal • “I would highly appreciate your considering”

Unit 3: Hotel branding Boutique hotels: = Hotels which provide great luxury for a small price. Words to describe a hotel: - Full of warmth and personality - Identical - Distinctive sense - Outside the box - Innovative

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Aesthetically Stimulating experience Affordable luxury Stylish Sophisticated Elegant Attentive staff Intimate Unique Autonomous One-of-a-kind

Hotels of the future: —> People want extremes in their life. Trends: - Going to an unknown destination - To check in with your smartphone - Order room-service with your smartphone - Receptionist being replaced by a robot • Self-service check in - Particular kinds of hotels: • Ice hotel • Salt hotel • Underwater hotel ‣ Location ‣ One-of-a-kind ‣ Out of the box - Over the top luxury - Budget hotels —> sleep cheap We are reinventing luxury: - 3 biggest luxuries these days: • Silence • Time • Space ‣ Trips to the desert ‣ Trips to the North Pole ‣ Trips where the people are alone in a lot of space and having a lot of time - Sustainable tourism: ecotourism —> green tourism - The experience in important Examples of the hotels of the future that already exist: - An underwater hotel with a view of the marine life from the windows - A touch screen wall that converts to a window at the flick of a switch - A hotel built als pods that can be moved to a new location whenever the guest wants - Each bedroom with its own robot for cleaning and other services - A miniature hotel for children with mini furniture - “Hotel in the heavens”: a zero-gravity orbital hotel located in space - A holographic virtual personal assistant (a menu of caricatures to choose from) - Rooms with a “dream machine” to control what you dream about

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Grammar: Making predictions: 1. Modal verbs; may, might, could, should and must: • To say that a future situation is certain, probable or possible ‣ Certain: ๏ The 21st century will see many changes in the tourism industry ๏ The flight won’t be on time because there was a maintenance problem ✤ Possible verbs: ❖ Will ‣ Probable: ๏ We may well see more hotels using social media to interact with guests ๏ There are no delays this morning, so your train should be here soon ✤ Possible verbs: ❖ Chances are ❖ Be highly likely (to) ❖ May well ❖ In all likelihood ❖ In all probability ‣ Possible: ๏ I have a meeting at 11.45, so I may be late for lunch ๏ The sea might be rough today, so passengers could be seasick ✤ Possible verbs: ❖ May ❖ Might ❖ Could be ❖ Be likely (to) ✤ Use these verbs when the situation is not very possible: ❖ Be unlikely (to) ❖ Probably won’t 2. Be going to: • To make firm predictions based on evidence at the time of speaking ‣ Look at those clouds, I think it’s going to rain 3. Expressions like be bound to, there’s a good chance, in all probability and be (highly) unlikely: • To express different degrees of certainty ‣ If you go to London, you’re bound to see a black taxi —> certain ‣ There’s a good chance I’ll have finished the report by tomorrow morning —> in all probability ‣ It’s highly unlikely for there to be hot weather in the north of Scotland, even in summer —> very improbable

Professional skills: Creating a business plan: Vocabulary: Executive summary

The plan should open with a concise overview describing your business idea. It condenses the key points you will be making and prepares the reader for what comes next.

Management team

Detailed CV’s and an organization chart can appear in an appendix but your plan should include a description of key personnel, their roles, experience and expertise.

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Location

This section explains the choice of geographical situation and describes the property and premises.

Target clientele

State who your hotel will cater for and define your niche — attracting a budgetconscious traveller is significantly different from appealing to a business traveller or a honeymooning couple.

Marketing plan

What are your proposals for advertising and public relations? How will future guests be able to find out about you and make a reservation.

SWOT analysis

Outline the risks and rewards in terms of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to your venture.

Financial forecast

The bottom line is what investors will look at first, so make sure you outline your fixed and variable costs and include a balance sheet for the first year’s activity.

Unit 4: Sustainability (Replacement task)

Unit 5: Come fly with me What makes a good airport? - Airports shouldn’t be huge but also not too...