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ISSUES ON CHILD ABUSE

PREPARATION OUTLINE (INFORMATIVE SPEECH) Name: FATIN WAHIDA BT HASHIM ID : 2020837482 Group : AS590_24 Title : Issues On Child Abuse Visual Aid :Powerpoint Slides General Purpose : To Inform Specific Purpose :To inform my audience about the symptoms and types that contribute to the child abuse. Central idea: Child abuse is very harmful to the children since it is usually occur among their parents, therefore there are several types and symptoms in which leads to the risk of child abuse.

INTRODUCTION I. Have you been heard about the story of Muhammad Firdaus Dullah, the 15-year-old cerebral palsy-stricken teenager who was found neglected at a flats in Taman Semarak. II. About 1163 cases was reported in 2018 meanwhile 30% has arise from the 894 cases in 2017 and being the highest number in the past decade. III. 54% of abusers were come from women meanwhile 45% were men and also reported that 90% of parents and step-parents are major abuser to the children itselves. IV. There are several cases of child abuse are going reported but kept in view due to the delay in the issuance of medical reports and also cancellation of reports by their parents. V. Even some of the children are kept on a tight leash, the issue on child abuse can be identified by recognizing the symptoms and causes. (Transition: Let’s move on to the types of child abuse)

I.

BODY The symptoms of the children who are being abused were not easy to recognize among parents because of reluctant to face reality, although a child who’s being abused will feel guilty, ashamed and confused. A. It is stated that 14 cases of child abuse occur in one day, although about 90% of victims know their abuser and 60% of victims shut their mouth. B. Based on the Mayo Clinic Child and Family Advocacy Centre, there are few symptoms leads to child abuse. 1. Social withdrawal/lack of enthusiasm 2. Alternation of attitude like aggression, frustrated and being inactive in all presentations 3. Always feeling scared and distress 4. Lack of trust/self-esteem 5. Refusing to attend school/poor attendance

(Transition: Now that you know something about the symptoms of child abuse, let’s look at the types.) II. The types of child abuse are easy to spot since it only occur external and internal injuries. A. Physical abuse 1. Usually occurs to children who is intentionally physically injured and being harm by another person. a. such as bruises, fractures or burns that cannot be explained B. Sexual abuse 1. Conclude any sexual activity with a child. a. fondling, oral-genital contact, intercourse, exploitation or exposure to the pornography. C. Emotional abuse 1. Define as injuring a child’s self-confidence or emotional wellbeing. It includes verbal and emotional assault. D. The graph showed a statistic of types linked to child abuse cases. 1. About 2901 children who suffered from physical abuse in which contribute the highest rate. 2. It is stated that sexual abuse gives 1241 for the total. 3. Meanwhile the least types of abuse psychological in which gives 41 compared to physical and sexual abuse.

ISSUES ON CHILD ABUSE

CONCLUSION

I.

Child abuse can be avoided and early prevention taken may be treatable for children.

II. There are several prevention associated with this issue in which to give protection and nurturing relationship for children. A. Gives love and full attention to the children. 1. Especially parents who are trying to listen and getting involved in their life to create trust and good communication. B. Needs to be more patient and avoid respond in anger. 1. Parents should able to control their anger and always refer to therapist on how to cope with stress and better interaction with your child. C. Increase supervision. 1. Keep a close eye on the children and encourage them to always stay away from strangers. III. According to the statistic of child abuse it shown that there are many innocent children being a victim without any action taken. IV. As a community we should work as team and concern with others to save children’s life likes Helen Keller says “alone we can do so little, together we can do so much”.

References Times, N. S. (2018, October 7). Child Abus:We are not doing enough about it. Retrieved from Child Abus:We are not doing enough about it:

https://www.nst.com.my/news/exclusive/2018/10/418676/child-abuse-we-are-not-doingenough-about-it clinic, M. (2018, May 5). Mayo Clinic Child and Family Advocacy Center . Retrieved from

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/child-abuse/doctors-departments/ddc20370868

Ram, S. (2014, Jun 22). says. Retrieved from says.com: https://says.com/my/news/15-year-old-muhammad-firdaus-dullah-found-in-an-extremelysorry-state-in-taman-semarak https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/child-abuse https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/07/24/muhammad-firdausdischarged

ISSUES ON CHILD ABUSE

ISSUES ON CHILD ABUSE

KUALA LUMPUR: If the Welfare Department’s statistics are anything to go by, 14 child abuse cases occur a day. Many more go unreported. Police figures show that in the past five years, only 1,559 cases were reported. Of the total, 348 cases were brought to court, 124 cases convicted, while 243 cases were listed under the “no further action” category. Another 764 cases are under investigation while 80 are “kept in view” due to a lack of evidence. (supporting detail) The New Straits Times were told by some parents, whose children are either dead or living with injuries having fallen victims to their caregivers, that the authorities were not doing enough to safeguard their children and prosecute the perpetrators. On the flipside, the authorities claimed that their investigations were hindered by a lack of manpower and coordination between police, medical officers and the Welfare Department. There is also a need to simplify procedures of reporting child abuse cases. Bukit Aman Sexual, Women and Child Investigation Division principal assistant director Ong Chin Lan, speaking exclusively to NST before her retirement in August, said a lack of evidence was among the challenges faced by the authorities. She said the authorities could not act because of the delay in the issuance of medical reports and parents withdrawing their reports. She admitted that a lack of manpower and cooperation hindered enforcement. “We (the division) do not only handle child abuse cases, but also rape and domestic violence ones. In some districts, we don’t even have enough investigating officers and priority has to b i t d

“In other countries, they have teams visiting the crime scene, recording statements and holding meetings, but that is rarely the case here because everyone is bogged down. The NST found that many cases had to be dropped due to inexperienced police investigators and medical officers. A source familiar with child abuse cases said some investigating officers were inclined to follow the parents’ claim of an accident and conclude the incident as a sudden death case. “Some depended on physical marks, bruises or other external injuries, but you can’t find these in cases of shaken baby syndrome or other non-accidental injury. (main point ) “In most cases, you would find only subdural haemorrhage. (main point) “It may be difficult to identify if the injury was done on purpose or if it was an accident, but it depends on how you investigate. “It is the responsibility of the police to investigate whether it was an accident or done on purpose. “Police must visit the crime scene to collect evidence and gather statements to match the stories told,” the source said. The source said many cases were dismissed because medical officers could not determine if the victim had been abused. “Sometimes, doctors were unable to provide solid medical statements. They gave too many plausible reasons for the injuries, thus confusing the police. “In the end, the police would have to come up with their own conclusion,” the source said, adding that some doctors also refused to report any suspected case of abuse to avoid the hassle of going to court if the case was tried. The source claimed that some deputy public prosecutors refused to take some cases to court. “There were times when we thought that we had a solid case but the DPP refused to charge the perpetrators. But when we brought the case to a different DPP, the case was taken to court,” the source said. Ong called on private medical institutions to train their personnel to handle child abuse cases. “We have been working closely with those in the One Stop Crisis Centre. Most hospitals provide in-service training. “These institutions need to train their staff on how to differentiate between natural and abused injuries.” She said the division seldom received reports of child abuse from private medical institutions, adding that even if there were any, most involved only serious injuries.

Reporting child abuse is just a call away SAVING the life of a child is just a phone call away. Talian Kasih, a 24-hour hotline, was created as a platform for society to report child abuse. In an exclusive interview with the New Straits Times, Welfare Department director-general Mohd Fazari Mohd Salleh said his men were always ready for rescue operations. “The public can lodge reports at any of our offices or police stations or call our 24-hour hotline number at 15999. “We will take action immediately. Our officers will visit the place with police to rescue the child.” In 2015, Datuk Seri Rohani Abdul Karim, then women, family and community development minister, voiced concern about the lack of reports from the public. Of the 413,449 calls received between December 2007 and April 2015, only 6,006 or 1.5 per cent were on domestic violence and child abuse. Fazari said depending on the seriousness of the case, his officers would decide whether the child should be removed from the house immediately or to adopt other means, such as giving counselling to the parents. “Whenever we take action, we put the interest of the child first. When we rescue a child, we will send him to the hospital for examination and if it is a confirmed abuse case, we will get the court’s permission to place the child at our childcare centre for a month. In that period, we will investigate and prepare a report.” Fazari said based on the report, the court would decide whether the child should be surrendered to his parents with a two-year good behaviour bond or be given to the child’s relatives, adopted parents or placed at the department’s childcare centre.

Mayo Clinic Child and Family Advocacy Center Any intentional harm or mistreatment to a child under 18 years old is considered child abuse. Child abuse. (main point) 

Physical abuse. (Supporting detail) Physical child abuse occurs when a child is purposely physically injured or put at risk of harm by another person. (Sub-detail)

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Sexual abuse. (Supporting detail) Sexual child abuse is an y sexual activity with a child, (Sub-detail)such as fondling, oral-genital contact, intercourse, exploitation or exposure to child pornography. (Sub-sub detail)

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Emotional abuse. (Supporting detail)

Emotional child abuse means injuring a

child's self-esteem or emotional well-being. It includes verbal and emotional assault (Sub-detail)— such as continually belittling or berating a child — as well as isolating, ignoring or rejecting a child. 

Medical abuse. (Supporting detail)

Medical child abuse occurs when someone

gives false information about illness in a child that requires medical attention, putting the child at risk of injury and unnecessary medical care. (Sub-detail) 

Neglect. (Supporting detail)

Child neglect is failure to provide adequate food,

shelter, affection, supervision, education, or dental or medical care. (Sub-detail) In many cases, child abuse is done by someone the child knows and trusts — often a parent or other relative. If you suspect child abuse, report the abuse to the proper authorities.

Symptoms A child who's being abused may feel guilty, ashamed or confused. He or she may be afraid to tell anyone about the abuse, especially if the abuser is a parent, other relative or family friend. (main point). That's why it's vital to watch for red flags, such as:

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Withdrawal from friends or usual activities

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Changes in behavior — such as aggression, anger, hostility or hyperactivity — or h

i

h

l

f

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Depression, anxiety or unusual fears, or a sudden loss of self-confidence

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An apparent lack of supervision

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Frequent absences from school

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Reluctance to leave school activities, as if he or she doesn't want to go home

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Attempts at running away

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Rebellious or defiant behavior

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Self-harm or attempts at suicide

(Sub-detail) Specific signs and symptoms depend on the type of abuse and can vary . Keep in mind that warning signs are just that — warning signs. The presence of warning signs doesn't necessarily mean that a child is being abused. Physical abuse signs and symptoms

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Unexplained injuries, such as bruises, fractures or burns (Sub-sub detail)

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Injuries that don't match the given explanation

Sexual abuse signs and symptoms

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Sexual behavior or knowledge that's inappropriate for the child's age

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Pregnancy or a sexually transmitted infection

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Blood in the child's underwear

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Statements that he or she was sexually abused

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Inappropriate sexual contact with other children

Emotional abuse signs and symptoms

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Loss of self-confidence or self-esteem

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Social withdrawal or a loss of interest or enthusiasm

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Depression

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Avoidance of certain situations, such as refusing to go to school or ride the bus

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Desperately seeks affection

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A decrease in school performance or loss of interest in school

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Loss of previously acquired developmental skills

Neglect signs and symptoms

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Poor growth or weight gain or being overweight

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Poor hygiene

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Lack of clothing or supplies to meet physical needs

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Taking food or money without permission

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Hiding food for later

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Poor record of school attendance

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Lack of appropriate attention for medical, dental or psychological problems or lack of necessary follow-up care

Parental behavior Sometimes a parent's demeanor or behavior sends red flags about child abuse. Warning signs include a parent who:

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Shows little concern for the child

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Appears unable to recognize physical or emotional distress in the child

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Blames the child for the problems

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Consistently belittles or berates the child, and describes the child with negative terms, such as "worthless" or "evil"

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Expects the child to provide him or her with attention and care and seems jealous of other family members getting attention from the child

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Uses harsh physical discipline

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Demands an inappropriate level of physical or academic performance

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Severely limits the child's contact with others

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Offers conflicting or unconvincing explanations for a child's injuries or no explanation at all

Child health experts condemn the use of violence in any form, but some people still use corporal punishment, such as spanking, as a way to discipline their children. Any corporal punishment may leave emotional scars. Parental behaviors that cause pain, physical injury or emotional trauma — even when done in the name of discipline — could be child abuse. When to see a doctor If you're concerned that your child or another child has been abused, seek help immediately. Depending on the situation, contact the child's doctor or health care provider, a local child protective agency, the police department, or a 24-hour hotline such as Childhelp National Child Abuse Hotline (1-800-422-4453). If the child needs immediate medical attention, call 911 or your local emergency number. Keep in mind that health care professionals are legally required to report all suspected cases of child abuse to the appropriate county authorities or the police. Risk factors Factors that may increase a person's risk of becoming abusive include:

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A history of being abused or neglected as a child

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Physical or mental illness, such as depression or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

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Family crisis or stress, including domestic violence and other marital conflicts, or single parenting

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A child in the family who is developmentally or physically disabled

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Financial stress, unemployment or poverty

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Social or extended family isolation

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Poor understanding of child development and parenting skills

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Alcohol, drugs or other substance abuse

Complications Some children overcome the physical and psychological effects of child abuse, particularly those with strong social support and resiliency skills who can adapt and cope with bad experiences. For many others, however, child abuse may result in physical, behavioral, emotional or mental health issues — even years later. Below are some examples. Physical issues

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Premature death

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Physical disabilities

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Learning disabilities

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Substance abuse

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Health problems, such as heart disease, immune disorders, chronic lung disease and cancer

Behavioral issues

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Delinquent or violent behavior

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Abuse of others

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Withdrawal

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Suicide attempts or self-injury

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High-risk sexual behaviors or teen pregnancy

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Problems in school or not finishing high school

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Limited social and relationship skills

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Problems with work or staying employed

Emotional issues

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Low self-esteem

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Difficulty establishing or maintaining relationships

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Challenges with intimacy and trust

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An unhealthy view of parenthood

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Inability to cope with stress and frustrations

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An acceptance that violence is a normal part of relationships

Mental health disorders

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Eating disorders

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Personality disorders

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Behavior disorders

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Depression

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Anxiety disorders

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

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Sleep disturbances

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Attachment disorders

Prevention You can take important steps to protect your child from exploitation and child abuse, as well as prevent child abuse in your neighborhood or community. The goa...