Week 4 theories assignment PDF

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Week 4 theories assignment. Applying theories from the theories book to case studies....

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Case Conceptualization Case of Jason Theory/Theorist: Gestalt Fritz Pearls and Co-founder Laura Pearls Presenting Problem: Jason is dealing with confluence, because he stated that he feels respected within the Jewish community. This is the process whereby a person loses sight of himself or herself by incorporating too much of the environment or others into the self (Keenan, 2011). This is hindering his true self because he is worrying about what the community will think. He is romantically involved with a partner named Kevin, they keep this a secret for professional, religious and social status. He is also experiencing a boundary disturbance because of his religious background and the shame that he thinks it will bring upon him. Boundary disturbances occur when boundaries between self and others are overly rigid, creating isolation, or are overly permeable, creating a merger in which differentiation of self is lost to confluence with the other (Sabar, 2013). More specifically, he is experiencing retroflection, he is neglecting his true self and assimilating to his external environment causing him to be unhappy. Jason is also experiencing trouble in his romantic relationship with Kevin, but there also seems to be some selective attentiveness because he mentions the concern with his religious background, but his main concerns seems to focus on his partner. Lastly, projection may be an issue because he states that Kevin gave life meaning and purpose, but he himself hasn’t created balance in his own walk of life.

Goals: The first goal for Jason is to build awareness and become self-supporting. Being aware, knowing the environment, and being in touch with one's self means that the individual is responsible for self-knowledge, self-acceptance, the ability to make contact, and ultimately the ability to make choices (Lyngzeidetson, 2011; Truscott, 2010). He has the capacity to support himself at this point in his life but focused on external factors that may not be as big of an issue. His subjective view is limiting his possibilities and happiness. The second goal for Jason is to discover disowned parts of self and handle unfinished business. Jason needs to confront his partner Kevin about what is making him unhappy and set some boundaries. According to the chapter addressing those important needs, concerns, and issues. ((S. Golden, M. Haley & R. Nate, 2016, p. 239). He has to learn to love all parts of himself and know that it will be okay. This process of reowning and taking responsibility facilitates integration. (S. Golden, M. Haley & R. Nate, 2016 p.239).

Interventions: 

Intervention 1 The first intervention for Jason is confrontation and Enactment. To help the client to confront old behaviors, feelings, or expressions by acting out the various parts. This confrontation of self and then the enactment of disowned thoughts, feelings, sensations, or actions allow the client to discover and then reown neglected parts of the self. The client is told to “be your hand,” “be your sorrow,” “be your hatred.” This forces the client to own what has been disowned. By identifying with all of his or her parts, the

client can become what he or she truly is and be able to take responsibility for the self. (S. Golden, M. Haley & R. Nate, 2016 p. 247). Jason has not confronted Kevin about his actions and has gotten comfortable with living in secret. This will help him with projecting all of the feelings on Kevin and take some responsibility for his feelings. 

Intervention 2 The second intervention for Jason is completing Dream-Work. Jason reported having nightmares about finding Kevin in bed with another man and being forced to wear a pink triangle on his sleeve while his family, friends, and colleagues pointed and yelled slurs at him. Because images, fantasies, and dreams are the projections of the person, dreams can be seen as the metaphoric expressions of the content and can reveal certain aspects of the person. The client is told to animate the dream and give voice to all of the people and parts. This allows the counselor or therapist to help the client come into contact with, own, and accept responsibility for parts of the self that may not be well known or accepted, as every part of the dream represents some aspect of the self. (S. Golden, M. Haley & R. Nate, 2016 p. 247-248).

Expected Outcome: The expected outcome of therapy is for Jason to have a sense of self awareness and what he wants in life. This will help him become more integrated and differentiated. He will create boundaries and won’t allow his subjective view of the world make him unhappy. References: Haley, M., Golden, S.H., & Nate, R.D. (2016). Gestalt theory. In D. Capuzzi & M. D. Stauffer (Eds.), Counseling and psychotherapy: Theories and interventions (6th ed., pp. 228–269). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association. (Chapter 8) Keenan, B. (2011). Community and confluence: Undoing the clinch of oppression (1990/1994/2002). Gestalt Review, 15 (1), 46– 58. Lyngzeidetson, A. E. (2011). Psychology: Counseling and psychotherapy [Pamphlet]. Boca Raton, FL: BarCharts. Sabar, S. (2013). What's a Gestalt? Gestalt Review, 17 (1), 6– 34. Truscott, D. (2010). Gestalt. In Becoming an effective psychotherapist: Adopting a theory of psychotherapy that's right for you and your client (pp. 83– 96). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/12064-006...