2019 BIO 2019 Past Biology Trial Papers Pack PDF

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2019 Trial HSC Paper Disclaimer: This paper is written as a trial HSC paper. It is designed to provide practice consistent with the demands of the current HSC course and its examination. However, we do not guarantee it predicts question content for the actual HSC examination.

HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE TRIAL EXAMINATION

2019!

Biology General' Instructions!

Total'marks:' 100!

Reading!time!–!5!minutes! Working!time!–!!3!hours! Write!using!black!pen! Draw!diagrams!using!pencil! NESA!approved!calculators!may!be!used! Write!your!Student!ID!at!the!bottom!of!this!page!and!at!the! top!of!page!9! ! 'Section'I'—'20'marks!(pages!2-8)! • Attempt!Questions!1–20! • Allow!about!35!minutes!for!this!section! ! !Section'II'—'80'marks!(pages!9-22!)! • Attempt!Questions!21–32! • Allow!about!2!hours!and!25!minutes!for!this!section!! • • • • • •

!

Student'ID:'__________________________________ THIS'PAPER'CANNOT'BE'RELEASED'IN'PUBLIC'UNTIL'AFTER'30th'AUGUST'2019' !!!!!This!paper!is!used!with!the!understanding!that!it!has!a!Security!Period.!©Total!Education!Centre'

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Section I 20 marks Part A – 20 marks Attempt Questions 1–20 Allow about 35 minutes for this part Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–20.

1

2

3

4

Which organisms reproduce via binary fission? A.

Fungi

B.

Plants

C.

Animals

D.

Bacteria

What type of mutagen is ultraviolet radiation? A.

Physical

B.

Chemical

C.

Biological

D.

Naturally occurring

Identify the cellular component of your adaptive immunity that remains in the body to respond to future infections. A.

Helper T cell

B.

Memory T cell

C.

Cytotoxic T cell

D.

Suppressor T cell

A cross between a white rose and a red rose produces offspring that all have pink flowers. Which of the following would best describe the pattern of inheritance? A.

Sex-linkage

B.

Co-dominance

C.

Multiple alleles

D.

Incomplete dominance

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

5

6

What is the best description of a mutation occurring in the reproductive tissues of an organism and passed onto half its offspring? A.

Somatic

B.

Genetic

C.

Germ-line

D.

Environmental

Sneezing without covering your mouth can cause those around you to become ill. What mode of transmission is this?

7

A.

Reservoirs

B.

Direct contact

C.

Indirect contact

D.

Vector transmission

Identify the effector in the negative feedback loop below.

Hand touches hotplate

Thermoreceptor

Central Nervous System

Arm muscle contracts

Hand moves off hotplate

A.

Hand

B.

Arm muscle

C.

Thermoreceptor

D.

Central nervous system

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

8

Scurvy is a disease caused by lack of Vitamin C and can be prevented by eating fresh fruits and vegetables. How can this disease be classed?

9

A.

Genetic

B.

Cancer

C.

Nutritional

D.

Environmental exposure

Hydrangeas are blue in acidic soils and pink in alkaline soils. What is this an example of?

10

11

A.

Environment affecting phenotypic expression

B.

Environment affecting genotypic expression

C.

Genes affecting phenotypic expression

D.

Genes affecting genotypic expression

Which of the following could be considered an ancient form of biotechnology? A.

Gene splicing

B.

DNA amplification

C.

Selective breeding

D.

Recombining DNA

What is a disadvantage of genetic technologies? A.

Pest-resistant crops

B.

Decreased biodiversity

C.

Insulin production for diabetics

D.

Crops with increased nutritional value

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

12

13

Which of the following is best practice by doctors when prescribing medicine to patients? A.

Tell patient to only take half the course of antibiotics

B.

Prescribe both antivirals and antibiotics for viral infection

C.

Prescribe a narrow spectrum antibiotic specific to pathogen

D.

Prescribe a drug used to inhibit bacterial growth rather than kill

In pea plants a tall allele (T) is dominant over a short allele (t). Which punnet square depicts a 1:1 ratio of tall plants to short plants?

A.

B.

C.

D.

X

T

T

t

Tt

Tt

t

Tt

Tt

X

T

t

t

Tt

tt

t

Tt

tt

X

T

t

T

TT

Tt

t

Tt

tt

X

T

T

T

TT

TT

t

Tt

Tt

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

14

A gene from a tomato is inserted into a salmon to make its flesh a brighter red colour. What is this an example of?

15

A.

Cloning

B.

Transgenics

C.

In vitro fertilisation

D.

Artificial insemination

Which shows an appropriate classification of pathogens? Cellular (living)

16

Non-cellular (non-living)

A.

Prokaryotes, protozoans, fungi, prions

Virus

B.

Prokaryotes, fungi,

Virus, protozoans, prions

C.

Prions, protozoans, fungi,

Virus, prokaryotes

D.

Protozoans, fungi, prokaryotes

Virus, prions

Which is a component of the adaptive immune system? A.

Skin

B.

B cell

C.

Macrophage

D.

Inflammation

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

17

A patient is experiencing hearing loss in the left ear. She can hear sound, but not very well. Which of the following technologies could assist with the patient’s hearing loss?

18

A.

Hearing aid

B.

Laser surgery

C.

Cochlear implant

D.

Bone conduction implant

Observe the following diagram.

Identify where genetic variation can occur. A.

A and B

B.

B and C

C.

A and C

D.

A, B and C

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Use the graph for Question 19.

Membrane potential (mV)

19

0 X

Y Z

Times (ms) At what point is the action potential on the graph?

20

A.

X

B.

Y

C.

Z

D.

0

An alpine species of rodent was discovered in the Himalayan Mountains. Which of the following most likely describes its appearance? A.

Rounded body, thick hair and short limbs

B.

Thin body, short hair and long limbs

C.

Rounded body, short fur and large ears

D.

Thin body, thick fur and webbed feet

'

! '

' 2019'

Student!ID:' '

HIGHER'SCHOOL'CERTIFICATE' TRIAL'EXAMINATION!!!'

'

!

Biology Section'II' Answer'Booklet' ! ! ! ! 80'marks' Attempt'Questions'21–32' Allow'about'2'hours'25'minutes'for'this'section!

! ! Instructions!

•

• ! •

Answer!the!questions!in!the!spaces!provided.!These!spaces! provide!guidance!for!the!expected!length!of!response.! ! Show!all!relevant!working!in!questions!involving!calculations.! Extra!writing!space!is!provided!at!the!back!of!this!booklet.!!!!!!!!!! If!you!use!this!space,!clearly!indicate!which!question!you!are! answering.!

! ! ! Please'turn'over'

!

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 21 (8 marks) The ‘blueprint’ of all life on Earth is contained within deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA). In 1953 James Watson and Frances Crick constructed a model of DNA’s molecular structure. (a)

Draw a diagram to show DNA structure including base paring, bonding and the composition of a nucleotide.

4

(b)

Outline the major steps involved in DNA replication.

4

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 22 (4 marks) Describe the response of an Australian plant to a named pathogen.

4

Question 23 (5 marks) In the hot Australian climate kangaroos have to be able to cool down in the middle of the day. They can often be seen lying in the shade and licking their forearms. (a)

What type of adaptation are these kangaroos exhibiting?

1

(b)

Construct a negative feedback loop to show how an endotherm uses a physiological adaptation to maintain homeostasis in increasing temperature.

4

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 24 (9 marks) (a)

Differentiate between mutation and mutagen.

2

(b)

Describe how a named mutagen can cause genetic change.

3

(c)

Other than mutation, explain how gene flow and genetic drift contribute to genetic variation within a population.

4

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 25 (7 marks) Two species of endangered orchid, Orchidus viotletus and Orchidus aquas are at risk of being completely eliminated due to housing development. Data was collected examining the gene for flower colour in Orchidus aquas. The blue flower allele is dominant to a white flower allele. The number of each genotype in the population of 24 individuals is shown below: Genotype BB

Number of individuals 16

Bb bb

5 3

(a)

Construct a punnet square to show a cross between heterozygotes.

2

(b)

Use the information above to calculate allele frequency in the Orchidus aquas population. Show all your working.

3

(c)

How could population genetics assist in the conservation management of the two endangered orchid species?

2

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 26 (5 marks) The following graph shows hormone changes that occur across the menstrual cycle.

(a)

Mark on the graph when ovulation occurs.

1

(b)

Describe the role different hormones play in various stages of mammalian pregnancy. Include reference to two hormones shown in the graph above.

4

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 27 (5 marks) Discuss the effect on biodiversity of using biotechnology in agriculture.

5

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 28 (7 marks) Ebola is a highly contagious virus which can cause rapid death. It is transmitted through human to human contact/exchange of bodily fluids. The diagram shows the spread of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014.

(a)

Identify possible procedures that could be employed by countries surrounding Guinea to prevent the spread of Ebola.

1

(b)

Assess the effectiveness of Côte d’Ivoire’s quarantine program during this epidemic, using the map to support your answer.

3

Question 28 continues on page 17

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 28 (continued) (c)

Outline ONE other successful quarantine program you studied.

End of Question 28

3

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 29 (6 marks) Artificial Insemination and Artificial Pollination are two methods of reproductive technology. Complete the table to describe and compare the processes and outcomes of artificial insemination and pollination. Reproductive Technology Description and Comparison Artificial Insemination'

Process

Positive Outcomes

Negative Outcomes

Artificial Pollination'

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 30 (9 marks) (a)

Name a visual disorder and describe its impact on normal function.

2

(b)

Evaluate the effectiveness of a technology used in assisting people who experience disorders. Use examples to support your answer.

7

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 31 (6 marks) The map shows the prevalence of nutritional diseases across the world in 2009.

https://commons.wikimedia.org!

(a)

Define nutritional disease and give an example.

2

(b)

Analyse the pattern of nutritional diseases across the globe. Refer to the map in your answer.

4

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 32 (9 marks) During Queen Victoria’s reign in the 1800s there was an epidemic of cholera in London. John Snow, a local doctor used the first epidemiolocal methods to identify a water pump on Broad St as the source of the contagion. Design an investigation that could test the water from the pump for microbes.

Question 32 continued on page 21

9

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question 32 (continued)

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Section II extra writing space If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering.

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Section II extra writing space If you use this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering.

STUDENT!ID _____________________

2019'Biology'Trial'HSC'Examination' Section!I!Answer!Sheet! 20 marks Attempt Questions 1–20 Allow about 35 minutes for this section Select the alternative A, B, C, or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response circle completely.

1

A!

B!

C!

D!

2

A!

B!

C!

D!

3

A!

B!

C!

D!

4

A!

B!

C!

D!

5

A!

B!

C!

D!

6

A!

B!

C!

D!

7

A!

B!

C!

D!

8

A!

B!

C!

D!

9

A!

B!

C!

D!

10

A!

B!

C!

D!

11

A!

B!

C!

D!

12

A!

B!

C!

D!

13

A!

B!

C!

D!

14

A!

B!

C!

D!

15

A!

B!

C!

D!

16

A!

B!

C!

D!

17

A!

B!

C!

D!

18

A!

B!

C!

D!

19

A!

B!

C!

D!

20

A!

B!

C!

D!

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

2019'HSC'Trial'Biology'' Marking'Guidelines' ! !

Section'I'' ' Multiple-choice'Answer'Key' ' Question'

Answer'

1!

D!

2!

A!

3!

B!

4!

D!

5!

C!

6!

C!

7!

B!

8!

C!

9!

A!

10!

C!

11!

B!

12!

C!

13!

B!

14!

B!

15!

D!

16!

B!

17!

A!

18!

B!

19!

A!

20!

A!

! !

'

'

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Section'II' Question'21'(8!marks)' ! (a)!4!marks! • • • • • • •

Criteria' Shows!clear!and!labelled!diagram!! Shows!base!pairing!and!bonding!correctly! Identifies!nucleotide!! Shows!labelled!diagram!! Shows!generally!correct!base!pairing,!bonding!and!nucleotide! Shows!some!understanding!of!DNA!structure! Provides!some!relevant!information!

Marks' 4! 3! 2! 1!

! Sample'answer'

! ! ! ! ! ! Sample'answer' 1. Double!helix!unwinds! 2. Enzyme!helicase!unzips!and!separates!double!strand.! 3. Nucleotide!are!built!against!each!single!strand.! 4. Replication!errors!are!identified!by!DNA!polymerase!and!corrected.!! 5. Newly!replicated!DNA!re-winds!to!double!helix.! ! (b)!4!marks! Criteria' • Correctly!identifies!all!major!steps!in!DNA!replication! • Gives!steps!in!correct/logical!order! • Identifies!most!steps!in!DNA!replication! • Gives!steps!mostly!in!correct/logical!order! • Identifies!a!step!in!DNA!replication! ! Sample'answer' 1. Double!helix!unwinds! 2. Enzyme!helicase!unzips!and!separates!double!strand.! 3. Nucleotide!are!built!against!each!single!strand.! 4. Replication!errors!are!identified!by!DNA!polymerase!and!corrected.!! 5. Newly!replicated!DNA!re-winds!to!double!helix.!'

Marks' 4! 2-3! 1!

'

Biology'HSC'Trial'2019!

Question'22!(4!marks)' !! • • • • •

Criteria' Identifies!Australian!plant!and!appropriate!pathogen! Shows!thorough!description!of!plant!response!to!pathogen! Identifies!Australian!plant!and!appropriate!pathogen! Shows!some!description!of!plant!response!to!pathogen! Provides!some!relevant!information!

Marks' 4! 2-3! 1!

! Sample'answer' Phytophthora!is!a!fungal!disease!that!affects!Wollemi!pine.!It!causes!root!lesions!which!prevents! the! uptake! of! water! and! nutrients! from! the! soil.! Insufficient! water! to! the! Wollemi! causes! discoloration!of!leaves!and!wilting.!The!plant!will!drop!its!leaves!to!conserve!energy!to!fight!the! fungus.! ! !

Question'23!(5!marks)' ! (a)!1!mark! •

Criteria' Identifies!actions!as!behavioural!adaptations!
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