ATI System Disorder Hypoglycemia PDF

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Summary

ATI Template of Med Surg System Disorder Hypoglycemia...

Description

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE:

System Disorder

Rachel Vance ST UDENT NAME _____________________________________ Hypoglycemia DISORDER/DISEASE PROCESS __________________________________________________________

Alterations in Health (Diagnosis)

Chp. 48 REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________

Pathophysiology Related to Client Problem -Occurs when there is too much insulin in proportion to available glucose in the blood -Causes blood glucose level to drop below (70mg/dL -cold, clammy skin -rapid HR -numbness of fingers, toes, mouth -emotional changes -headache, nervousness, tremors, faintness, dizziness, unsteady gait, slurred speech, hunger, changes in vision, seizure, coma

Diagnostic Procedures

-Blood glucose level (plasma) -A1C to determine management over past 2-3 months

-History of hypoglycemia and symptoms -blood glucose- immediately

PATIENT-CENTERED CARE

Nursing Care -Follow rule of 15 -ingest complex carb after recovery to prevent repeat hypoglycemia -avoid overtreatment with large quantities of quick-acting carbs

Therapeutic Procedures -"rule of 15" have patient eat or drink 15 g of quick-acting carbohydrate (4-6 ounces of reg. soda, 5-8 lifesavers, 1tbsp. of honey or syrup, 4 tsp of jelly, 4-6 ounces of orange juice, commercial dextrose products per label instruc. -wait 15 min. and check BG again -if still 1hr away give patient additional carbs and protein or fat -notify HCP if does not subside after two or three admins of quick-acting carbohydrate

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES

-Hypoglycemia unawareness in which pt. does not experience warning signs and symptoms until glucose reaches critical point and causes incoherent, combative, or lose consciousness -Autonomic neuropathy may interfere with secretion of regulatory hormones that produce the symptoms

Complications Medications -Acute setting 20-50 mL of 50% dextrose IV push -"rule of 15'" 15g quick-acting carbs, after 15 check BG, repeat if still below 70mg/dL -subcutaneous or IM injeection of 1 mg of glucagon

Client Education -Inform about quick-acting carbs for hypoglycemia management -Educate about medication admin. and management -teach family and other caregivers about when and how to inject glucagon -Explore w/ patient reasons why the situation developed to indicate need for additional teaching of patient and family to avoid future episodes

Interprofessional Care -Family and caregiver education and role -dietician

-Untreated hypoglycemia can progress to loss of consciousness, seizures, coma and death -repeated episodes of hypoglycemia, older patients, patients who use Beta blockers -Patient does not self-manage blood glucose levels or medication administration -Nausea after glucagon injection -Minimal gylcogen storers will not react well to glucagon this includes alcohol-related hepatic disease, starvation, and adrenal insuffieciency...