ATI TB - Active learning template PDF

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Basic Concept

Genesis C., Santita A. Jenny F. Nishath I.

ST UDENT NAME _____________________________________

Tuberculosis CONCEPT ______________________________________________________________________________

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Underlying Principles

(E.G., DELEGATION, LEVELS OF PREVENTION, ADVANCE DIRECTIVES)

TB is spread by airborne droplets when someone infected coughs, sneezes or talks. Can also be transmitted when in close proximity There are two major patterns of TB: primary and secondary . Primary TB, the initial infection, usually occurs in children, whereas secondary TB usually occurs in adults as a reactivation of infection. Infection control measures such as hiegiene, coughing into tissues and properly disposing tissues into a closed bag.

REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________

Nursing Interventions WHO? WHEN? WHY? HOW?

Risk factors for development of TB can fall into two categories: those pertaining to children recently infected with TB bacteria and those pertaining to children with medical conditions that weaken the immune system. Conditions that weaken the immune system - HIV, low body weight, head or neck cancer, scoliosis, diabetes TB Can be Latent or Active. Risks also include being in close contact with someone who is exposed to those with high rate of TB, homeless individuals, hospital or correctional facility workers.

The primary focus for children with latent TB infection is to ensure that antibiotic regimens are completed. Often, a child with latent TB infection is prescribed a course of isoniazid for up to 9 months. The primary focus for children with active TB disease is the administration of antibiotics, as well as supportive care for the symptoms, such as fever and cough. TESTS: Sputum smear which is rapid usually get results within 24 hours and detects presence of acid-fast bacilli Sputum culture test takes up to several weeks but confirms active TB Nasogastric tube aspirates confirms active TB for children under 12 year old who cannot produce sputum . Results up to several weeks Blood Test confirms diagnosis with 24 hour Chest X-ray confirms presence of lesions within hours Medications: Isoniazid (PO/IM) Rifampin (PO/IM) Pyrazinamide (PO) Ethambutol (PO)

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