Azithromycin Med Sheet PDF

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Download Azithromycin Med Sheet PDF

Description

West Kentucky Community and Technical College Associate Degree Nursing Medicaton Reference Form

Drug Generic Name

Brand Name

Drug Class

Azithromycin

Zithromax, Zmax

Therapeutic: agents for atypical mycobacterium, antiinfectives Pharmacologic: macrolides

Therapeutc Effects/Uses

Usual Adult Dose/Route

Acton of Drug

Azithromycin takes a bacteriostatic action against The usual route is by mouth (PO). The usual dose is The action or purpose of azithromycin is the susceptible bacteria. 500 mg on first day, then 250mg/day for four more to inhibit the growth of bacteria. It is days. (Total dose is 1.5g) prescribed to patients that may have staphylococcus aureus or group A strep. Contraindicatons

Side Effects/Adverse Reactons

Drug-Lab-Food Interactons

There are certain cases where azithromycin can be harmful to the patient. It may be harmful for a patient that has hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, or other bacteria inhibiting drugs. Another contraindication is if a patient has a history of jaundice or hepatic dysfunction with this drug in the past.

Central nervous system effects: dizziness, seizures, drowsiness, fatigue, and headache. Cardiovascular effects include: chest pain, low blood pressure, palpitations. Gastrointestinal tract effects: hepatotoxicity, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, jaundice, increased liver enzymes. Skin effects: rash, photosensitivity, Stevens – Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis. EENT effects: ototoxicity

Concurrent use of Quinidine, procainamide, dofetilide, sotalol, and amiodarone should be avoided, it may increase risk of QT interval prolongation. Aluminum and magnesium containing antacids decrease peak levels. Nelfinavir increases levels, monitor carefully. Azithromycin can also decrease nelfinavir levels. Efavirenz increases levels. The risk of toxicity and effects of warfarin and zidovudine may be increased. The effects and levels of digoxin, theophylline, ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and phenytoin have been increased by other macrolide antiinfectives, Concurrent use should be monitored carefully.

Nursing Implicatons  Why is this drug prescribed for my patent?

Patent/Family Teaching

Azithromycin may be prescribed to a patient if there is an infection, or a risk for infection. The patient should be instructed that the health care The nurse should check the following: patient’s vital signs, appearance of wound, sputum, provider must be notified if fever or diarrhea develop, urine, stool, and WBC. especially if the stool contains blood, pus, or mucous,  Ordered Dose: and that they should not try to treat anything on their Dosage is ordered by the physician. own. Signs of superinfection should also be reported, as well as any signs of anaphylaxis. Inform the patient  Assessments  Lab Tests of the risks of not taking medications to the full term. The patient’s vital signs, appearance of Azithromycin use may cause elevated serum Missed doses should be taken as soon as possible, wound, sputum, urine and stool; WBC bilirubin, AST, ALT, LDH, and alkaline unless almost time for the next dose. Doses should not should be assessed for indication of phosphatase concentrations. It may also be doubled. Drowsiness and dizziness may occur, infection. Specimens for culture and cause elevated creatine phosphokinase, until the patient’s reaction is known they should avoid sensitivity should be obtained prior to potassium, prothrombin time, BUN, serum activities requiring alertness. The patient should be therapy; the first dose may be given before creatine, and blood glucose concentrations. instructed not to take azithromycin with food or results are received. Signs of anaphylaxis Occasionally it will cause decreased WBC antacids. The patient should be advised to report should be monitored: rash, pruritus, and platelet count. symptoms of chest pain, palpitations, and yellowing laryngeal edema, wheezing. The health care of the skin or eyes. Advise the patient to use professional should be notified immediately sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent if these occurs. The patient’s skin should be photosensitivity reactions. assessed for rash frequently during therapy. Azithromycin should be discontinued at the first sign of rash as it could be life threatening. Stevens – Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis can develop, it should be treated symptomatically and it may return once treatment is stopped.  Potental Nursing Diagnosis

Risk for infection Noncompliance  Interventons

 Evaluaton

The health care provider should be notified Evaluate effectiveness by seeing if signs and immediately if signs of anaphylaxis appear. symptoms of infection resolve. This would include rash, pruritus, laryngeal edema, or wheezing. Reference

Vallerand, April Hazard, et al. Davis's Drug Guide for Nurses. Sixteenth Edition ed., Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company, 2019....