Basic Cell Structures Review Key Terms VIS Table-1 PDF

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Name William Ortiz Subject biology Ms. Johnson Period: 5 Date: 1/6/21 Basic Cell Structures Review Key Terms VIS Table Key Term 1. Cell

2. Organelle

Khan Academy Definition Basic unit of living things

Specialized cell structure that performs a specific function

Your Definition

Example

the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane.

An example of a cell is a red blood cell

any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.

Examples of organelle are lysosomes, nucleus, mitochondria, and the endoplasmic reticulum.

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3. Cell Membrane

Supports/protects cell; controls movement of substances into/out of cell; separates cell from its environment

the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.

4. Cell Wall

Stiff, rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane to support/protect the cell

a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants it consists mainly of cellulose.

An example of a cell wall is the rigid cellulose outside the cell membrane of a plant.

5. Cytoplasm

Clear, thick, jellylike substance inside the cell membrane that contains the other organelles

the material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.

An example of cytoplasm is the substance that fills every living cell in our bodies.

Examples are transmembrane proteins and integral monotonic proteins

6. Ribosome

Small bodies floating in cytoplasm (or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum) that make proteins

a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.

An example of a ribosome is one of the particles located outside of a cell that helps build proteins.

7. Flagella

Whip/tail-like structure that helps propel the cell forward

a slender threadlike structure, especially a microscopic appendage that enables many protozoa, bacteria, spermatozoa, etc. to swim.

An example of a flagellated bacterium is the ulcer-causing Helicobacter pylori, which uses multiple flagella to propel itself through the mucus lining to reach the stomach epithelium.

8. Cilia

Short, hair-like structure that surround the cell and help it move

a short microscopic hair like vibrating structure found in large numbers on the surface of certain cells, either causing currents in the surrounding fluid, or, in some protozoans and other small

The cilia of cells lining the fallopian tubes that move the ovum toward the uterus, or cilia lining the cells of the respiratory tract that move particulate

organisms, providing propulsion. 9. Pseudopodia Extension of cytoplasm into the cell membrane that allows the cell to “crawl”

a temporary protrusion of the surface of an amoeboid cell for movement and feeding.

example of this type of amoeboid cell is the macrophage....