Brochure L2 S1 21-22 Anglais Semestre 1 Licence 2 Economie -gestion ...... PDF

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Brochure L2 S1 21-22 Anglais Semestre 1 Licence 2 Parcours économie-gestion
Université Panthéon-Assas - Paris II
ANGLAIS
L2 SCIENCES ECONOMIQUES
FIRST SEMESTER 2021-22
BUSINESS CYCLES
GLOBAL TRADE
CLIMATE CHANGE...

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Université Panthéon Assas – Paris II

Université Panthéon-Assas - Paris II

ANGLAIS L2 SCIENCES ECONOMIQUES FIRST SEMESTER 2021-22

BUSINESS CYCLES GLOBAL TRADE CLIMATE CHANGE Instructors: Ms Buhl Ms Courtin Mr de Boissieu Ms Dodard Ms Meyer Mr Traore

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Université Panthéon Assas – Paris II

COURSE DESCRIPTION AND LEARNING TIPS This course is based on weekly classes. Each class lasts 90 minutes. In the first semester, the course will focus on macroeconomics The objective of this course is to help you acquire the skills necessary for study and work in the field of economics. The skills targeted in the first semester are: - understanding oral and written business news reports, - improving your reading and writing accuracy, - synthesizing information from charts and commenting on it, - expressing your opinion orally in debates. The texts and audio material used in the course are taken from economic newspapers, magazines, textbooks, economics journals, and websites. They will allow you to further improve your use of English while widening your knowledge of economic vocabulary. It is essential to bring this material to EACH class. Each week, in between classes, you will have to prepare the follow up exercises to each topic, learn a list of vocabulary and do the necessary reading and activities to be ready for the next topic. Learning a language can be fun but it also requires substantial work on a regular basis. You must participate fully in the classes and do all the reading and exercises required of you for homework. You must also learn to TAKE NOTES in class. Make lists of the vocabulary and grammar used. Write down entire sentences to make sure that you memorise them. Take handwritten notes rather than with your computer. It is easier to remember that way. In addition to your weekly tutorial, we strongly recommend that you have as much contact as possible with the English language and seek every occasion to use English outside of the classroom. - Read books, newspapers and magazines in English. The Economist, The Financial Times and The Wall Street Journal are all available online. - Surf the Web and look at economics blogs such as those by Greg Mankiw, Paul Krugman or the Freakonomics team. - Listen to music with English lyrics, and watch the original versions of films and TV shows. - Converse with native speakers of English either face-to-face or online: https://www.italki.com/home https://www.busuu.com/en https://www.interpals.net https://www.conversationexchange.com https://www.mylanguageexchange.com - Use self-learning websites: http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/ https://www.duolingo.com In short, the more practice you have in reading, writing, listening and speaking, the stronger your skills will become. It will become easier and more natural for you to speak English. You will also feel more comfortable. Your teachers can recommend appropriate material for your level — don't hesitate to ask.

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CONTENTS Week 1 Week 2

From Sept 20 to Sept 25

Oil Prices

From Sept 27 to Oct 1

The Business Cycle 1

8

(trends, prepositions & figures)

13

(passives and forecasts)

Week 3

From Oct 4 to Oct 8

The Business Cycle 2 (double comparatives & determiners)

Week 4

From Oct 11 to Oct 15

What Causes a Recession

23

(For/During, Since and Ago & tenses)

Week 5

From Oct 18 to Oct 22

How to Influence the Business Cycle

31

(comparatives & superlatives)

Week 6

From Oct 25 to Oct 28

Is Globalisation at a standstill?

37

(expressing cause and consequence)

Week 7

From Nov 8 to Nov 12 (Holiday Thursday 11 Nov)

Week 8 Week 9 Week 10

Trade Wars

40

(word formation)

From Nov 15 to Nov 19

British trade after Brexit

From Nov 22 to Nov 26

Midterm

From Nov 27 to Dec 3

Climate Change

46

(reported speech)

51

(expensive errors and link words)

59

(linkwords)

Week 11

From Dec 6 to Dec 10

Renewable Energies

65

(conditionals & questions)

Week 12

From Dec 13 to Dec 17

The European Green Deal

Debate Topics Debate rules and useful vocabulary Expensive errors Link words Describing trends and commenting on charts Additional exercises – irregular verbs

73

5 6-7 51 55 77 80

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ASSESSMENT Your mark for each semester is independent and it is made up of one grade for the final exam and another for continuous assessment. Both grades are out of 10. Final exams are given in January for the first semester and June for the second. Continuous assessment is based on one grade for the mid-term exam, which consists in a guided synthesis of several short texts and charts, and two others based on your performance in the debate on the one hand, and on your spoken English, in-class participation, homework, progress and punctuality on the other. ATTENDANCE is mandatory for every class. PUNCTUALITY is also required. You may not be admitted to class if you are late.

Debate

30%

Continuous Assessment (50%) Attendance, Mid-term Test punctuality, (90-minute written exam) oral participation, Synthesis homework. 20% 50%

Final exam (50%) 90-minute written exam.

PLAGIARISM This is adapted from theUniversity of Ottawa's website

Plagiarism is taking another person's words, ideas or statistics and passing them off as your own. The complete or partial translation of a text written by someone else also constitutes plagiarism if you do not acknowledge your source. Since one cannot always be original it is entirely acceptable to present another person's ideas in one’s work. However, it must be done properly to avoid plagiarism. PRINCIPLES AND RULES: • • • • • • •

When borrowing another person's words, use quotation marks and include complete reference (author's name, date, pages). Internet sources must also be acknowledged. When borrowing another person's ideas, acknowledge their origin. Do not paraphrase another writer's words and pass them off as your own. If you use someone else's words, data, etc., use quotation marks and give a complete reference. If you borrow someone else's ideas, give a complete reference. When looking for information online, you may be tempted to copy and paste short segments from Wikipedia.org or other websites. IT IS PLAGIARISM. Even though what you find is free and available to anyone, you cannot take it unless you say where (and when) you found it.

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DEBATE TOPICS

Week 3

From Oct 4 to Oct 8

Topic 1

Higher oil prices: Gain or pain for the global economy?

Week 5

From Oct 11 to Oct 15

Topic 2

PRO or CON? GDP is not enough. More than ever do we need different economic indicators to measure sustainable growth and well-being.

Week 6

From Oct 25 to Oct 28

Topic 3

PRO or CON? Expansionary fiscal policies are the only way to fight the Covid-induced recession.

Week 7

From Nov 8 to Nov 12

Topic 4

PRO or CON? A post-pandemic lesson: EU countries urgently need to reshore some manufacturing facilities and rebuild key industries.

(Holiday Thursday 11 Nov)

Week 8

From Nov 15 to Nov 19

Topic 5

Free Trade vs. Protectionism in the United States: Which is the best way for the American economy?

Week 10

From Nov 30 to Dec 4

Topic 6

PRO or CON? Post-BREXIT Britain is more vulnerable in the face of current economic challenges.

Week 11

From Dec 7 to Topic 7 Dec 11

Week 12

From Dec 14 to Dec 18

Topic 8

PRO or CON? Most environmental policies are nothing but cynical and shameless greenwashing. PRO or CON? Cutting Carbon Emissions to net zero by 2050 should be our common goal, whatever it takes.

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Debating rules Prepare a short powerpoint presentation with charts to illustrate your arguments (optional). 4 students debate: 2 pro and 2 con. The rest of the class - some will be time keepers. - and the others will take notes in order to be ready to sum up the content of the debate and ask a few questions. Students choose a partner and their role for the next debate. Both pairs then prepare three strong arguments and will have to do some research at home (statistics, concrete and/or topical examples to illustrate their point).

Debate takes place The moderator presents the topic of the debate and will monitor it. First phase. The Pro team opens the debate. They have 4 minutes to introduce their position and present three developed arguments. There is a 30-second pause, and then Con team has 4 minutes to rebut the arguments of the pro team. They may only comment on points that were raised by the pro team. At this phase they do NOT introduce their own ideas. Second phase There is a 30-second pause after which the Con team has 4 minutes to introduce their position and present three developed arguments. There is a 30-second pause, and then Pro team has 4 minutes to rebut the arguments of the Con team. Then the judges engage the debaters and ask them a few questions to either clarify or develop some of their arguments. N.B.: - Avoid using ‘google translate’. Do not plagiarise. Do not read your text. - Check the pronunciation of the words you do not use often. - Rehearse your presentation at least a couple of times before class so that you can insist on delivering your message.

Don’t forget to use the list of vocabulary on the next page

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Useful Debate Vocabulary Stating an opinion • • • • • • •

In our opinion... We (don’t) think that… The way we see it... If you want our honest opinion.... According to me... According to the other side/ our opponents… As far as I'm concerned... Our position is the following…

Sequencing: Firstly…, secondly…, our third point is that… The first good reason to… is that…; next; what’s more; moreover…. To begin, we think that… ; in addition, you have to know that… ; last but not least…. • The first point I would like to raise is this… • Here’s the main point I want to raise… • I’d like to deal with two points here. The first is…

• • •

“I’m listening to the other side.” • • • • • •

I see your point, but I think… Yes, I understand, but my opinion is that… That’s all very interesting, but the problem is that… I’m afraid I can’t quite agree with your point. I think I’ve got your point, now let me respond to it. We can see what you’re saying. Here’s my reply…

Disagreeing: • • • • • • • • • • • •

Excuse me, but that’s not quite correct. Sorry, I just have to disagree with your point. Let me just respond to that, please. I’d like to take issue with what you just said. We said that… but the other side has not replied to our point. I’d like to focus on two points that the other side has failed to address. There are two issues our opponents have failed to dispute, namely… We pointed out that… Our opponents have claimed that… We have data showing that… Let’s take a case in point… The example of… clearly shows/proves that…

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Oil prices How much do you know about oil? Read the entire text and then fill in the blanks. Read the text and try and guess the missing words Liquid petroleum pumped from oil wells called....................... .

is

Crude oil is named based on its geographical source for example ................................................., ........................................... and ................................................., and its physical characteristics or chemical composition with adjectives such as ..................................... or ...................................... depending on its sulphur content, ....................................... or ........................................... depending on its density. Sweet crude is more valuable than sour crude. Similarly, lighter crude is easier and less expensive to produce. West Texas Intermediate crude oil is of very high quality because it is light-weight and has low sulphur content. These properties make it excellent for making gasoline. That's why it is the major .................................. of crude oil in the Americas. Brent Blend is a combination of crude oil from 15 different oil fields in the North Sea. It is less “light” and “sweet” than WTI but still excellent for making gasoline. It is refined in Northwest Europe and is the primary benchmark for crude oils in Europe or Africa. ............................... is an organization of 12 oil-producing countries that produce 46 percent of the world's oil. In 1960, these countries formed an alliance to regulate the .................... and the price of oil. They realized they had a non-renewable resource. If they .......................... with each other, the price of oil would be so low that they would run out sooner than if oil prices were higher. The ................................... OPEC oil embargo was the first time OPEC flexed its muscles. It cut off oil to the United States. This limited supply. Prices ....................... and it shifted power away from U.S. oil producers. OPEC's goal was to keep the price of oil at around $70 per barrel. A higher price would have given other countries the incentive to drill new fields, which are too expensive to open when prices are low. In January 2017, there were 1.665 trillion ........................... of oil in the world. That's enough to last another 50 years since the world uses 90.5 million barrels per day. Only proven ................................. are counted in the total world reserves. This number changes only slightly every year. Adapted from TheBalance.com

Which factors do you think influence oil prices the most?

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Video - What drives oil prices https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/15/what-drives-oil-prices.html

Watch the video and answer the following questions: at the pump: monitoring the ebbs and flows: the gist of: shale oil: to pump out/ to drill oil: to alter: an uptick: to flare up: to soar: to pull out of a deal:

A. What drives oil prices? Explain the mechanisms. 1) 2) 3)

B. Which key dates in the recent history of oil are mentioned in the document and what developments do they correspond to? Date

Event

Impact on oil prices

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HOMEWORK REVISIONS ON TRENDS 1. USEFUL PREPOSITION RULES TO DESCRIBE TRENDS AND CHARTS We use a noun describing a specific trend or change + in + a word phrase describing the thing which has changed: a(n) cut / decline / decrease / drop / fall / increase / reduction / rise in something There have been dramatic cuts in the level of spending on the elderly. The chart shows a decline in GDP. a(n) change / trend / variation in something  growth / improvement in something There have been significant improvements in health care. We have seen massive changes in people's lifestyles.

We use a noun describing a change or the result of a change + of + a number showing the size of the change: a(n) decrease / drop / fall / increase / reduction / rise, etc. of + number The statistics show a reduction of 20% in energy costs as a result of the government's new measures. The radio station experienced a fall of 36,000 listeners to a total audience of 2.1 million. A high / low / maximum / peak, etc. + of + number Demand reached a peak of 45,000 in early March Fill in the gaps with a preposition where necessary. 1. In March 2020 oil prices dropped ................... $65 .................... $25. So that was a decrease .................... $40. 2. Last semester there was a rise ....................... oil prices .................... 45%. 3. The Brent now stands ........................... $80. 4. Analysts at Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley believe oil prices will remain relatively stable for some time, fluctuating .................... $80 .................... $100. 5. There hasn’t been much movement ................. the unemployment figures for some time. 6. Sales rose ...................... line ...................... predictions.

2. BRIEF RECAP ON NUMBERS - Punctuation: comma or period? 2,5 pour cent = 2.5 (two point five) per cent (UK) or percent (US). 0,5 pour cent = 0.5 (zero point five) per cent or point five. 10000 s’écrit en anglais 10,000. 5000 livres = £5,000 2 millions de dollars = $2 million or $2m. - des centaines/milliers/millions/milliards d’euros hundreds, thousands, millions, billions of euros mais cinq cents/mille/million/milliards d’euros five hundred/thousand/million/billion euros

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2. A brief history of oil prices Using the verbs and the chart below make 5 sentences of 8 words on average to describe the most significant moments of the history of oil prices. to stand at to peak at to plummet to skyrocket to bottom out

....................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ..............................

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3. TRANSLATION 1) Les prix du pétrole ont dégringolé de 300% au printemps 2020 et atteint leur prix le plus bas depuis 50 ans.

2) Les prix du pétrole ont pris plus de 45% depuis le début de l’année.

3) Pendant la récession due à la Covid, la demande en pétrole est passée de presque 100 millions de barils par jour en 2019 à 91 millions l’année dernière.

4) Les membres du cartel OPEC+ ont décidé d’augmenter l’offre de pétrole d’à peu près 450 mille barils journaliers en juillet.

VOCABULARY crude oil sweet/sour light/heavy to pump (out) / to drill oil an oil well an oil barrel

reserves to last to alter to flare up / to soar law of supply and demand

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The Business Cycle Introduction §1 The business cycle is the natural rise and fall of economic growth that occurs over time. The cycle is a useful tool to analyze the economy. It can also help you make better financial decisions. §2 Stages Each business cycle has four phas...