Ceramic Dental Presentation PDF

Preview

Summary

A Summary on Ceramic Dental biomaterials and CAD technologies...

Description

Jennifer Rochette The presentation on the article “Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD/CAM technology: State of the art” focuses on how CAD/CAM technology is used to create ceramic dentals to be used for dental implants. A better alternative to the traditional, unpredictable, time consuming method, CAD/CAM technology reduces the fabrication time of high-strength ceramics with better accuracy and efficiency. Types of ceramics used for dental implants discussed in the presentation include polycrystalline ceramics such as alumina and zirconia, feldspathic ceramics, and mica-based ceramics. Furthermore, polycrystalline ceramics are used for fabrication of crown and bridge copings. They are fully sintered materials that can be fabricated by hot isostatic pressing and high isostatic pressure treatment where the ceramic powder is enclosed. The high pressure is maintained during sintering and ceramic blocked that is made is milled. Specifically, zirconia is a polymorphic ceramic material in its unalloyed state, with three crystallographic forms that include monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic. It can be stabilized with the addition of oxides, which forms a multi-phase material at room temperature with cubic crystals as the major phase and monoclinic med and tetragonal crystals as the minor phase. The tetragonal phase is metastable and can transform to the monoclinic phase in response to a crack on the surface of the ceramic. This transformation can be triggered by built up stress, which leads to transformation toughening to occur. This can prevent cracks from propagating thus increasing the mechanical properties of the material. CAD/CAM technology is limited by its price since it involves high-tech equipment and software to create the ceramic dental implants. Additionally, there is a lack in motivation to improve on this technology since it is ‘good enough’ as it is, regarding the developments for dental prosthetic implants. Meanwhile, the technology requires people to manage and maintain it, so finding those with the right expertise is a factor as well. Regarding the ethics with CAD/CAM technology, it is unclear where the defining line between therapy and enhancement falls. The technology makes it easier for more people to acquire dental implants that are personally suitable for themselves. However, it is difficult to distinguish if someone needs dental implants for therapy or for one’s own personal satisfaction with appearances. One of the reasons why many dental implants are not covered by health insurance is because such CAD/CAM technology is so easily accessible for beauty purposes....