Chapter 8 Study Guide - Summary PDF

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Chapter 8- Gestalt Therapy Back to Top MULTI PLECHOI CETESTI TEMS 1. Whoa mon gt hef ol l o wi n gi sNOTc o ns i d e r e dar e l a t i o na lGe s t a l tt he r a p i s t ? a . Fr i t zPe r l s b . La ur aPe r l s c . Mi r i a mPol s t e r d . Er vPol s t e r ANS:A

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2. Ge s t al tt he r ap yi saf o r m of : a . Fr e udi a nps y c hoa na l yt i ct he r a p y . b .n e oFr e udi a na na l yt i ct he r a p y . c .b e ha vi o rt he r a p y . d .e xi s t e n t i a lt he r a p y . ANS:D

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3. Fi e l dt he or ys ugg e s t st h a t : a .t hewhol ei sgr e a t e rt ha nt h es umofi t sp a r t s . b .h uma nbe i n g sha v eai nna t ec a pa c i t yt os e l fr e gu l a t e . c .e v e r y t hi n gi nh u ma ne xpe r i e n c ei sr e l a t i o na la n di nc on s t a ntflux. d .p he no me nol o gi c a li n qui r yi st heke yt obe ha vi o rc h a n g e . e .t he“ ho w”ofbe ha vi ori smor ei mpor t a ntt ha nt he“ wh y”ofbe ha v i or . ANS:C

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4. Ahe al t hyc ont ac te xpe r i e nc ei n v ol v e sa l lo ft hef ol l o wi n ge x c e p t : a .i n t e r a c t i n gwi t ho t h e r swhi l ema i nt a i n i n gas e ns eofs e l f . b .c r e a t i v i t y . c . ma i nt a i n i n gba l a nc ebe t we e nt hefig ur ea ndt hegr ound . d . pr o j e c t i o n. ANS:D

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5. Erv Polster believes that storytelling:

a. is always a form of resistance. b. can be the heart of the therapeutic process since people are storytelling beings. c. is acceptable only if one’s client is a writer. d. is an indication that one’s client is a pathological liar. e. is a sign of high verbal abilities, and thus, high intelligence. ANS: B

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6. Wh i c ho ft hef ol l o wi n gi sNOTc ons i d e r e doneo ft hes i xme t hodol ogi c alc omp one nt so fGe s t a l tt h e r a p y ? a .a s s e s s me nt

b .t hehe r ea ndno w c .t hea ut he nt i ce n c oun t e r d .p r o c e s s or i e nt e ddi a gn os i s e .t hepa r a do x i c a lt h e or yofc ha n g e ANS:APG: 2 1 9 7. Ac r i t i c a ldi ffe r e nc ebe t we e ne ar l yGe s t al tt he r apya ndr e l at i onalGe s t al tt h e r a p yi s : a .t hee mpha s i sonc on t a c t . b .t hea ppr oa c ht oc onf r o n t a t i on. c .t heus eoft e c hni q ue s . d .t hef oc usont h efig ur ef or ma t i o npr oc e s s . ANS:BPG: 2 12 8. Th eGe s t al tt he r api s t : a .f r e e l yma k e si n t e r p r e t a t i o n sf o rt hec l i e nt . b .p a y sa t t e nt i o nt ot hec l i e n t ' snon v e r ba ll a n gu a g e . c .i sma i n l ynon di r e c t i v e . d .h e l p st hec l i e ntunde r s t a ndwh yh eors hei sbe ha v i n gi ns e l f de f e a t i n gwa y s . e . a s s i g nshome wor kt obr i n ga b outs pe c i ficc o gni t i v ea n dbe ha vi orc ha n g e s . ANS:B 9. I nGe s t al tt he or y ,t h ee xpe r i me nti sc ons i d e r e d: a . as pe c i fict e c hni qu eo ft he r a p y . b . at he or e t i c a lpr opos i t i onc r a f t e dt ofitt hec l i e nt ’ suni q uene e d s . c . ar e a d y ma dee x e r c i s eu s e dt oa c h i e v eabe ha vi or a lg oa l . d . as c i e nt i ficp r o c e du r et oa s s e s st hee ffe c t i v e n e s soft he r a p y . ANS:BPG: 2 24 10.Whe nape r s one x p e r i e nc e sa ni nt e r nalc o nfli c t( na me l yac onfli c tb e t we e nt opdogandunde r dog) ,wh i c hoft he f o l l o wi n gt e c hni q ue swoul dbemos ta ppr o pr i a t e ? a . ma ki n gt her o unds b .t her e v e r s a lt e c hni q ue c .t hei n t e r na ldi a l o guee x e r c i s e d .t her e he a r s a le x e r c i s e e .t hee xa g g e r a t i one x e r c i s e ANS:C 11.Often Greta, who struggles to feel good about herself, comes to sessions with slouched posture. In order to help Greta gain a clearer understanding of the inner meaning of her slouched posture, a Gestalt therapist might: a. ask Greta to exaggerate her poor posture, which is likely to intensify her feelings attached to it. b. have Greta undergo hypnosis. c. ask Greta to free associate to the words “slouched posture.” d. refer her to an orthopedic surgeon to rule out scoliosis.

ANS: A

12.AGe s t a l tt e c h ni q uet ha ti smos tus e f ulwhe nape r s onat t e mpt st ode nya na s pe c tofhi sorhe rpe r s o na l i t y( s uc ha s t e nd e r ne s s )i s : a . ma ki n gt her o unds . b .t her e v e r s a le x e r c i s e . c .t her e he a r s a le x e r c i s e . d .t hee mpt yc ha i rt e c hni q ue . ANS:B 13. Mariah tells her therapist, a Gestaltist, that she dreamt she got married to a pit bull and felt uneasy about telling her parents that she married a dog. When her parents discovered their son-in-law was a pit bull, they disowned her and suddenly became dogs themselves. In response to this dream, Mariah’s therapist: a. may need to contact a psychiatric hospital (and possibly an animal shelter) since it is likely Mariah unconsciously desires to marry a dog. b. should interpret the dream for her client. c. should assist her client in reliving the dream as though it was happening in the now and have her become each part of the dream. d. should encourage her client to forget the dream since it was meaningless.

ANS: C 14. Th epar ado xi c a lt he or yo fbe hav i o rc ha ng es u gg e s t s : a . wec h a n g eb ys e t t i n gf u t ur e or i e nt e dg oa l s . b .c l i e nt ss houl dp a ypa r t i c ul a ra t t e nt i o nt obe c omi n gt hep e r s ont he ywi s ht obe . c .c a r e f u la t t e nt i o ns hou l dde v ot e dt oc ha n gi n gbe ha vi o ri nt hemome nti ti sha ppe n i n g . d . wec h a n g et hr ou ghbe c omi n ga wa r eofwhowec ur r e n t l ya r e . e . c h a n g ei sf a c i l i t a t e dwhe nwea c c e p tou rmor t a l i t y . ANS:D 15.Th ebas i cg oalofGe s t a l tt he r ap yi s : a .a t t a i n i n ga wa r e ne s s , a n dwi t hi tg r e a t e rc hoi c e . b .t ounde r s t a ndwh ywef e e la swed o . c .t ounc o v e rr e p r e s s e dma t e r i a l . d .t ohe l pc l i e nt sd e v e l opb e t t e rs oc i a ls ki l l s . ANS:A 16.

a. b. c. d. e.

According to the Gestalt perspective, if people do not remember their dreams: they may be refusing to face what is wrong with their lives. that suggests they have no internal conflicts. they are sound sleepers. they lack creativity. they should be referred to a therapist with a different theoretical orientation.

ANS: A 17.Ac ont r i but i o no ft hi st he r ap e ut i cap pr oac hi st ha t : a .i te na b l e si nt e ns ee xpe r i e n c i n gt ooc c u rq ui c kl y . b .i tc a nbear e l a t i v e l yb r i e ft h e r a p y .

c .i ts t r e s s e sd oi n ga n de xpe r i e n c i n g ,a soppos e dt ot a l ki n ga boutpr o bl e ms . d .a l lo ft he s e . e .n oneoft he s e . ANS:D 18.Ac c or d i n gt oGe s t a l tt h e or y , pe opl eus eav oi danc ei nor d e rt o: a .k e e pt he ms e l v e sf r omf a c i n gunfin i s he dbus i ne s s . b .k e e pf r o mf e e l i n gunc omf or t a b l ee mo t i ons . c .k e e pf r o mh a vi n gt oc ha n g e . d .a l lo ft he s e ANS:D 19.Empi r i c als uppor tf o rGe s t a l tt he r ap yi s : a . we a k . b . we l l d e v e l o pe d. c . be c o mi n gs t r on g e r . d . una v a i l a bl e . ANS:C 20.Ac c or d i n gt oGe s t a l tt h e or y , al loft hef o l l o wi nga r et r uea bou tc ont a c tEXCEPT: a .c ont a c ti sne c e s s a r yf o rc ha n g ea ndgr o wt ht ooc c ur . b .o nema i nt a i n sas e n s eofi ndi v i dua l i t ya sar e s ul to fg oodc on t a c t . c . wi t h dr a wa la f t e rag oo dc on t a c te x pe r i e nc ei n di c a t e sne ur o s i s . d .c ont a c ti sma deb ys e e i n g ,h e a r i n g , s me l l i n g ,t ouc h i n g ,a ndmo v i n g . e . weof t e nt e ndt or e s i s tc ont a c twi t hot he r s . ANS:CPG: 2 17 21.I nGe s t a l tt he r a p y ,t h er e l a t i ons hi pb e t we e nc l i e ntandc ouns e l o ri ss e e na s : a . aj o i ntv e nt ur e . b .a ne x i s t e nt i a le n c ount e r . c .a nI / Thoui n t e r a c t i o n. d .a l lo ft he s e ANS:DPG: 2 1 9 22.Whi c ho ft hef o l l o wi n gi sNOTTRUEa boutGe s t a l tt e c hn i que s ? a .“ Ex e r c i s e s ”a r er e a d y ma det e c h n i que s . b .“ Exp e r i me nt s ”gr o wouto ft h ei n t e r a c t i o nbe t we e nt he r a pi s ta ndc l i e nt . c . Cl i e nt sn e e dt obepr e pa r e df o rt h e i ri n v o l v e me n ti nGe s t a l tt e c hni q u e s . d . Expe r i me nt sa r ea l wa y sc a r r i e doutdur i n gt h et he r a p ys e s s i on, r a t he rt h a no ut s i d ei t . e . Te c hni q ue sa r eu s e df o rt h epur p os eo fi nc r e a s i n gt hec l i e n t ' sa wa r e ne s s . ANS:DPG: 2 2 4 23.Whi c ho ft hef o l l o wi n gi sNOTTRUEa boutFr i t zPe r l s ? a . Hede v e l ope dGe s t a l tt he r a p y . b . Dur i n ghi sc hi l d hood,h ewa samo de ls t ud e nt . c . Hewa st r a i ne di np s y c hoa na l y s i s . d . Heg a v ewo r ks hopsa nds e mi na r sa tt heEs a l e nI ns t i t u t e . e . Hea r ou s e dv a r i ousr e a c t i o n si nt hepe opl eheme t .

ANS:BPG: 2 11 24.Ge s t a l tt he r a pi s t ss a yt ha tc l i e nt sr e s i s tc o nt a c tb yme ansof : a .r e t r ofle c t i on . b .p r o j e c t i o n. c .i nt r o j e c t i o n. d .a l lo ft he s e ANS:DPG: 2 1 7

25.Whi c ho ft hef o l l o wi n ga s pe c t sofac l i e nt ’ sus eofl a n gua g ewo ul daGe s t a l tt h e r a pi s tNOTFOCUSon? a .“ i t ”t a l k b .“ y ou”t a l k c . que s t i o ns d .l a n gua g et ha tde n i e spo we r e .s e ma nt i c s ANS:EPG: 221 26.Whi c ho ft hef o l l o wi n gi sNOTTRUEa boutt h eGe s t a l tv i e wo ft her o l eofc onf r o nt a t i o ni nt h e r a p y ? a .I ti snotp os s i b l et obebo t hc on f r o n t a t i o na la ndg e n t l ewi t hc l i e n t s . b .I ti si mpo r t a ntt oc o nf r ontc l i e nt swi t ht hewa y st he ya r ea v oi di n gbe i n gf ul l ya l i v e . c . Conf r o nt a t i ondoe sno tha v et ob ea i me da tn e g a t i v et r a i t s . d . Conf r o nt a t i ons houl db eag e nu i n ee xp r e s s i o no fc a r i n g . ANS:APG: 2 2 7 27.Whi c ho ft hef o l l o wi n gGe s t a l tt e c hni que si nv o l v e sas k i ngonep e r s oni nag r oupt os pe a kt oe a c hoft heot he rgr oup me mbe r s ? a .t her e he a r s a le x e r c i s e b .t her e v e r s a lt e c hni q ue c . ma ki n gt her o unds d .t hee xa g g e r a t i ont e c hn i que ANS:CPG: 2 29 28.Th ee mpt yc hai rt e c hni que : a .a s s i s t sc l i e n t si nr e o wni n gpa r t soft he i rpe r s ona l i t y . b .b a l a n c e si nt e r na lp ol a r i t i e s . c .a l l o wsc l i e nt st oe xt e r n a l i z ea ni n t r o j e c t . d .h e l p st or e s ol v eunfin i s he dbus i ne s s . e .a l lo ft he s e . ANS:EPG: 228 29.Whi c ho ft hef o l l o wi n gi sNOTONEo fMi r i a mPo l s t e r ’ st hr e es t a g e si nhe ri nt e gr at i o ns e que nc e ? a .r e uni fic a t i on b .d i s c o v e r y c .a s s i mi l a t i o n d .a c c o mmoda t i o n ANS:APG: 2 2 2

30.At e e na g egi r li sa ngr ywi t hhe rpar e nt sa ndc ut sonhe rar m.I nGe s t a l tt e r ms ,s hei smos tl i k e l ye n g a gi n gi n: a .i n t r o j e c t i on. b .p r o j e c t i o n. c .r e t r ofle c t i o n. d .c on flue nc e . ANS: C PG: 2 1 8 31.Be c a us eofh i sne e dt ob el i k e d, J os emake sc ar e f ule ffo r t st og e tal o ngwi t he v e r y onea n dmi ni mi z ei nt e r pe r s onal c o nfli c t s .Whi c hboun da r yd i s t ur b a nc ei sJ os ee xhi bi t i ng ? a .i n t r o j e c t i on. b .p r o j e c t i o n. c .r e t r ofle c t i o n. d .c onflu e n c e . ANS:DPG: 2 1 8 32.Whi c ho ft hef o l l o wi n gi sNOTONEo ft heGe s t a l tg r o upl e a de r ’ sr ol e s ? a .d e s i gni n ge xpe r i me nt sf orgr oupme mbe r s b .e v oki n gg r ou pc a t ha r s i s . c .e n g a gi n gi ns e l f d i s c l o s ur e d .f a c i l i t a t i n gc on t a c ti nt h egr oups e t t i n g ANS:BPG: 2 32 33.Wi t ho utpr ope rt r a i ni ng,Ge s t a l tt h e r a pi s t sma y : a .e v ok ec a t ha r s i swi t ho uth a vi n gt hea bi l i t yt owo r ki tt hr o ug hwi t ht h e i rc l i e nt . b .de s i gnf a u l t ye xpe r i me n t s . c .ma yu s er e a d y ma det e c hni q ue si na ppr o p r i a t e l y . d .ma yda ma g et het he r a pe ut i cr e l a t i ons hi pwi t ht hec l i e nt . e .a l lo ft he s e . ANS:EPG: 238 34.Con t e mp or a r yGe s t a l tt he r a pi s t svi e wc l i e ntr e s i s t a n c ea s : a .awa yt h a tc l i e nt sa v oi dc o nf r o nt a t i o n . b .as i gno fpoormo t i v a t i onf o rt he r a pe u t i cwo r k . c .at he r a p yi nt e r f e r i n gf or c et ha tne e dst obeo v e r c ome . d .a ne l e me n toft he r a p yt ha tne e dst ober e s pe c t e d. ANS:DPG: 2 1 7 35.Which of the statements below regarding emotion-focused therapy (EFT) is NOT TRUE?

a. EFT methodology is similar to Gestalt therapy but emphasizes empirically supported treatments. b. EFT was developed by Fritz Perls’ wife, Laura. c. EFT blends the relational aspects of the person-centered approach with the active phenomenological awareness experiments of Gestalt therapy. d. EFT entails the practice of therapy being informed by understanding the role of emotion in psychotherapeutic change. e. All are true. ANS: B PG:213

TRUE/ FALSETES TI TEMS De c i d ei fe a c hoft hef ol l o wi n gs t a t e me nt si s“ mor et r u e ”o r“ mor ef a l s e ”f r omt hepe r s pe c t i v eo fGe s t a l tt he r a p y . 1. Ge s t a l tt h e or yi sbe s tc o ns i de r e da saf o r mofps y c hoa na l yt i ct he r a p y . Fa l s e 2. Th eGe s t a l tt h e r a pi s tt y p i c a l l yus e sdi a gnos i sa ndi nt e r pr e t a t i o na saba s i cpa r to ft het he r a p e u t i cpr o c e s s . Fa l s e 3. I nt h eGe s t a l t i s tvi e w, unfin i s he dbus i n e s si sb e s te xpl or e di nt hepr e s e nt .Tr ue 4. AGe s t a l tt h e r a p i s tpa y sa t t e nt i o nt owa y st hec l i e ntu s e sl a n gua g e .Tr ue 5. Th e r a p yi sba s e dupont h es uc c e s s f ulr e s ol ut i o noft het r a ns f e r e n c er e l a t i o n s hi p. Fa l s e 6. Bo t hc ont a c ta ndwi t h dr a wa la r ene c e s s a r ya ndi mpor t a ntt ohe a l t h yf unc t i o n i n g . Tr ue 7. Ge s t a l tt h e r a p yma k e su s eofawi dev a r i e t yoft e c hni q ue st ha ta r ede s i gne dt oi nc r e a s et h ec l i e nt ’ sa wa r e ne s so f hi sorh e rpr e s e nte xpe r i e n c i n g . Tr u e 8. Ac c or d i n gt oPe r l s ,a wa r e ne s sofa ndb yi t s e l fi sn ots uffic i e ntt ol e a dt oc ha n g e ;c l i e nt smus ta l s oputt h e i r e xpe r i e nc e si nt os omet y peofc o gni t i v ef r a me wo r ki fc ha n g ei st oh a ppe n . Fa l s e 9. Th eGe s t a l ta p pr oa c ht od r e a mwo r kc on s i s t soft het he r a pi s ti n t e r p r e t i n gt heme a n i n goft hes ymbol si nt he dr e a m. F a l s e 10.Since Gestalt therapists believe that questions have a tendency to keep the questioner hidden, safe,

and unknown, they often ask clients to change their questions into statements. True 11.Ge s t a l tt h e r a p yi sde s i gne df o ri ndi vi d ua lc ouns e l i n g, a ndi tt y pi c a l l ydoe snotwor kwe l li ngr oups .Fa l s e 12.Oneoft hec o nt r i b ut i onsofGe s t a l tt he r a p yi st h ev a s te mpi r i c a lr e s e a r c ht h a tha sbe e ndonet ov a l i da t et he s pe c i fict e c h ni q ue sus e d.Fa l s e 13.Th eg oa lofGe s t a l t t he r a p yi st os ol v eb a s i cpr obl e ms , t or e s o l v eo ne ’ spol a r i t i e s , a ndt oh e l pt hei n di vi du a lt o a d j us tt oh i sorh e re n vi r o nme n t .Fa l s e 14.Ge s t a l t i s t st y pi c a l l ya s kwhyque s t i o nsi nt hea t t e mptt og e tc l i e nt st ot hi nka boutt h es o ur c eo ft h e i rp r obl e ms . Fa l s e 15.Ge s t a l tt h e r a p yf o c us e sont hec o gni t i v ea s p e c t soft he r a p y . Fa l s e, ( t r a di t i o n a lGe s t a l tt h e r a p ya soppos e dt o c ont e mpor a r y ) 16.Ge s t a l tt e c h ni q ue sc a nbec on s i de r e de x pe r i me nt s .Tr ue 17.Pa r to fs uc c e s si nus i n gGe s t a l tt e c hni q ue si sc ont i n g e n tuponpr e pa r i n gc l i e nt sf ort he s et e c h n i q u e s .Tr u e 18.Mos to ft heGe s t a l tt e c hni q ue sa r ed e s i gne dt oi nt e ns i f yone ’ se xpe r i e nc i n g .Tr ue 19.Ge s t a l tt h e r a pi e svi e wac l i e nt ’ sa v oi d a nc ebe ha vi ora sr e l a t e dt ou nfini s he dbu s i ne s s .Tr ue

20.Blocked energy is a form of defensive behavior. True 21.Re t r o fle c t i oni n v ol v e sdoi n gt oo t he r swha twewo ul dl i k et he mt odot ous .Fa l s e 22.I nGe s t a l tt he r a p y ,ac l i e n t ’ sr e s i s t a nc ei swe l c ome da ndus e dt od e e p e nt he i rt he r a pe ut i cwo r k .Tr u e 23.People who rely on retroflection tend to inhibit themselves from taking action out of fear of

embarrassment, guilt, and resentment. True 24.Ac ur r e n tt r e ndi nGe s t a l tt h e r a p yi st o wa r dgr e a t e re mpha s i sont hec l i e nt / t h e r a pi s tr e l a t i ons h i pr a t h e rt h a no n t e c hn i que s . Tr u e 25.Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) is synonymous with Gestalt therapy.

False

26.Si nc eGe s t a l tt h e r a p yf oc u s e sont hehe r e a ndno w, t hepa s ti sn e i t h e re xpl o r e dn org i v e ne mpha s i s .Fa l s e

27. I nGe s t a l tt e r ms , a wa r e ne s sr e f e r st oourc onne c t e dne s st ooure x t e r na landi nt e r na lwor l d s .Tr ue 28. Fritz Perls’ wife Laura stated, “Without the constant support from his friends, and from me, without the constant encouragement and collaboration, Fritz would never have written a line, nor founded anything.” True 29.Al t h o ughPe r l su s e dahi ghl yc onf r o nt a t i o na la ppr oa c hi nde a l i n gwi t hc l i e nta v oi da nc ea ndr e s i s t a nc e ,t h e c onf r o nt a t i ona lmode li snotr e pr e s e n t a t i v eo fc ont e mpor a r yGe s t a l tt he r a p y . Tr ue 30.Ge s t a l tgr oupt he r a pi s t su s ee x pe r i me n t st oe nc our a g ec l i e nt st omo v ef r o mt a l ki n ga bouta c t i o nt ot a ki n g a c t i o n. Tr ue...