Concept Map Gestation Diabetes PDF

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Summary

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Description

Holistic Nursing Process Map – Mara Burroughs

Gestational Diabetes Pathophysiology = RT Gestational diabetes is a diabetic pregnancy complication that can start around the second trimester of pregnancy. During this time, the placenta produces a variety of hormones to maintain the pregnancy such as estrogen and cortisol. These hormones can have a blocking effect on the insulin produced by your pancreas. During time, as your placenta grows, the hormones increase and your pancreas is then unable to produce enough insulin to combat the increased sugar. After giving birth, your hormones decrease, and your sugars should return to normal, therefore gestational diabetes only occurs while pregnant and resolves after giving birth.

Assessment Signs & Symptoms = AEB Overweight or obesity Polyuria: Increased urine output Polydipsia: Increased thirst Polyphagia: increased appetite/ eats excessive amounts of food

Risks for Developing Obesity

Nursing Diagnosis Deficient knowledge r/t new diagnosis of gestational diabetes as evidence by patient’s verbalization of, “I want to know more about my new diagnosis.”

Family history of diabetes Age: women older than 25 are at higher risk Race: Women who are African-American, American Indian, Asian American, Hispanic or Latino, or Pacific Islander have higher risk

Impaired nutrition: less than body requirements r/t decreased insulin production and glucose uptake in cells as evidence by elevated blood sugars.

Diagnosing

Risk for overweight fetus r/t excessive glucose uptake

Disease Process Diagnostics Usually done between 24-28 weeks of pregnancy through GDM testing.

GTT- glucose tolerance test.

(Ackley et al., 2021)

Medications Type 1: Diet (carb controlled) and Exercise

Planning Nursing Intervention

Daily glucose monitoring Insulin: Regular, NPH, Aspart, Lantus (depends on md orders)

Monitor blood sugars Insulin as ordered Educate client on s/s of hyperglycemia

Education/Spiritual Needs: Refers to the “Art” of Nursing Keep an open-ended conversation to help client feel comfortable enough to ask questions regarding diagnosis. Encourage client to join a “soon to be mom” group to help with the changes of pregnancy and to help find support from other soon to be moms. Refer patient to a diabetic clinic or a nutritionist to help encourage better habits and to increase anxiety regarding new diagnosis.

Assess and record dietary patterns via 24 hour recall Weight client at every prenatal visit.

(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019)

Holistic Nursing Process Map – Mara Burroughs

Gestational Diabetes

References Ackley, B., Ladwig, G., Makic, M., Martinez-Kratz, M., & Zanotti, M. (2021). Nursing Diagnosis Handbook, 12th Edition Revised Reprint with 2021–2023 NANDA-I® Updates (12th ed.). Mosby. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, May 30). Gestational Diabetes. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/gestational.html...