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EWS 240

Argumentative Essay Outline

Name:

A. N. EXAMPLE

Research Topic

Children and Television

Thesis

Children’s television viewing time should be reduced and carefully monitored or eliminated completely in the case of children under two, in order to address potential problems in the area of behavior, language development and health.

SUPPORT Section 1

Section:

XXX

TV and violent behaviour

Idea 1

- children copying what they see

Sources

Idea 2

- extreme violence on TV may desensitize children

Idea 1-Eastman (2004) Children tend to copy behaviors that they see, either in real life or on television

Idea 3

Idea 2- Murray (2005)

Idea 4

“Extensive violence viewing may lead to decreased sensitivity to violence and a greater willingness to tolerate increasing levels of violence in society” (para. 3).

SUPPORT Section 2

TV and language development

Idea 1

- educational programs can actually improve language development in children over two; however, they will not choose educational programming when there are many more exciting options available

Sources

Idea 2

-age and cognitive development

Idea 1- Anderson and Pempeck (2005) a number of studies which show improved vocabulary development where children have been exposed to educational programming such as Sesame Street and Dora the Explorer. Idea 2- Anderson and Pempeck (2005) children under two years of age who watch more television have slower language development even when they view educational programs designed to promote language development (Anderson & Pempeck, 2005).

Idea 3 Idea 4

EWS 240

Argumentative Essay Outline

A. N. EXAMPLE

Name: SUPPORT Section 3

Section:

XXX

TV and obesity

Idea 1

- TV watching and snacking (mindless eating)

Sources

Idea 2

- TV watching and less time for physical activity

Idea 3

- TV watching and food advertising

Idea 1 and Idea 3 - Swinburn & Shelly (2008) increased television viewing may lead to increased food intake due to snacking Idea 2 – Dietz (2001) as children spend longer time watching television, they have less time to take part in play or sports activities which might allow them to burn off calories Idea 3- Dietz (2001) advertising shown during children’s TV programs often promotes food products

Idea 4

COUNTERARGUMENTS

Possible positive effects of TV

Idea 1

TV can help to bring people together

Rebutta l

TV should be pointed out that this effect depends very much on the type of program children watch; images of other cultures, ethnic groups and religions presented on television are not always positive in nature

Idea 2

a necessary evil

Rebutta l

There can be violent content (Huesmann et al., 2003). As discussed above, if children are exposed to this content repeatedly, there is a danger of desensitization to violence as well as increased violence in their behaviour both in the short and longer term.

Sources

EWS 240

Argumentative Essay Outline

References Anderson, D.R. & Pempek, T.A., (2005). Television and Very Young Children. The American

Behavioral

Psychologist,

48(5),

505

–

576.

DOI: 10.1177/0002764204271506 Dietz, W.H. (2001). The obesity epidemic in young children. BMJ 322(7282), 313-314. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1119564/ D’Mello, S. (2018). Too much screen time, now a growing paediatric issue. Khaleej Times. Retrieved from https://www..com/news/uae-health/too-much-screen-timenow-a-growing-paediatric-issue Eastman, W. (2004). Beginnings and Beyond: The Relationship Between Television Violence and Neurodevelopment of Young Children. College Quarterly, 7(3). Retrieved

from

http://www.senecac.on.ca/quarterly/2004-vol07-num03-

summer/eastman.html McDonough, P. (2009). Tv viewing among kids at an eight-year high. Retrieved from http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/newswire/2009/tv-viewing-among-kids-at-an-eightyear-high.html Moeller, B. (1996). Learning from Television: A Research Review. Centre for Children & Technology Reports, 11. Retrieved from http://www.dcmp.org/caai/nadh175.pdf Murray, J.P. (2001). TV Violence and Brainmapping in Children. Psychiatric Times,

EWS 240

Argumentative Essay Outline

XVII(10). Retrieved from http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/articles/tv-violenceand-brainmapping-children Swinburn, B. & Shelly, A. (2008). Effects of TV time and other sedentary pursuits. International Journal of Obesity, 32, 132 – http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30017558

136.

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